Eric Stephen Tamez v. Suzanne Renee Tamez

Reversed and Remanded and Memorandum Opinion filed January 11, 2024.

In The

Fourteenth Court of Appeals

NO. 14-22-00950-CV

ERIC STEPHEN TAMEZ, Appellant

V.
SUZANNE RENEE TAMEZ, Appellee

On Appeal from the 306th District Court
Galveston County, Texas
Trial Court Cause No. 20-FD-2512

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Appellant Eric Stephen Tamez (“Father”) appeals the trial court’s final
divorce decree and contends the trial court abused its discretion when it did not
enter judgment based on a mediated settlement agreement signed by Father and
appellee Suzanne Renee Tamez (“Mother”). For the reasons below, we reverse the
trial court’s final divorce decree and remand for further proceedings.

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BACKGROUND

Mother and Father married in 2011 and had two children before they
separated in 2020. After their separation, Mother moved to Galveston County and
Father moved to Ellis County. Mother filed for divorce in Galveston County and
Father filed a counter-petition.

Mother and Father signed a mediated settlement agreement in October 2021,
which provided that they would “remain joint managing conservators with mother
having the right to determine the primary residence of the children.” In relevant
part, the agreement states as follows with respect to Father’s possession:

Father’s periods of possession will be as follows:

a. A standard possession order[1], and the parties understand and
agree that if father lives within 50 miles of the children it will
be an expanded SPO.
b. So long as father lives in his current county and the children
reside in Galveston or contiguous counties then exchanges will
occur at the McDonald’s restaurant at the intersection of I45
and 190 in Huntsville, Texas.[2] If father and mother reside in
the same county, then exchanges will be pursuant to standard
SPO language, and if the parties reside in the same county and
then mother moves to a different county, then the parties will
agree upon a mutual place to exchange the children.
c. So long as the parties are exchanging the children in Huntsville,
the pick-up time for father will be 8:00 p.m. and the drop-off
time for father will be 5:00 p.m.

In December 2021, the trial court held a hearing to enter judgment on the mediated

1
See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 153.313. Pursuant to the standard possession order, Father
would be entitled to possession of the children on the first, third, and fifth weekends of the
month. See id. § 153.313(1).
2
Huntsville, Texas is approximately halfway between Ellis and Galveston Counties.

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settlement agreement. At the hearing, Mother’s attorney asserted that subsection
(b) addressing Father’s periods of possession was meant to state that Mother and
Father would meet in Huntsville only once a month rather than for all exchanges of
the children. Responding to this contention, Father’s attorney argued this
provision in the agreement is “exactly what [Father] was wanting to get
specifically with respect to where they are meeting to pick up their children.”

Resolving this dispute, the trial court reasoned that “there was a failure to
meet of the minds . . . with regard to long distance exchange.” The trial court ruled
that Mother would have to meet Father in Huntsville to exchange the children only
once a month. For the other weekends of Father’s possession, he alone would be
responsible for transportation.

The trial court signed a final divorce decree on September 30, 2022. The
final divorce decree incorporates a standard possession order which provides that,
because Mother and Father live more than 100 miles apart, Father would be
entitled to possession of the children on weekends beginning on the first, third, and
fifth Friday of each month. The divorce decree also incorporates the trial court’s
oral ruling with respect to the dispute regarding the children’s pick-up location:

So long as [Father] lives in his current county of Ellis and the children
reside in Galveston County or contiguous counties thereto, the
exchange will occur at the McDonald’s Restaurant at the intersection
of I-45 and 190 in Huntsville, Texas, once per month, upon the
monthly notice from [Father] to [Mother] via Our Family Wizard
or email, by the 15th of the previous month, designating the
weekend selected (1st, 3rd, or 5th) when [Father] will see the children,
and [Mother] will meet him in Huntsville, Texas, (preferably on a
three-day weekend). (On the other weekends of the month
remaining after the monthly selection, [Father] will pick up and return
the children at the residence of [Mother]).
(emphasis in original). Father timely filed this appeal.

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ANALYSIS

In a single issue, Father asserts the trial court erred by entering a final order
that “limits the number of times the parties will exchange the children in
Huntsville, Texas” because it varies the terms of the mediated settlement
agreement. We agree.

Texas has a policy encouraging “the peaceable resolution of disputes” —
especially disputes involving a parent-child relationship. In re Lee, 411 S.W.3d
445, 447 (Tex. 2013) (orig. proceeding); In re A.D.B., 640 S.W.3d 604, 609 (Tex.
App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2022, no pet.). In furtherance of this policy, a trial
court may refer a suit affecting the parent-child relationship to mediation and, if a
mediated settlement agreement is reached, must enter judgment on the agreement
without inquiry into whether it is in the best interest of a child. See Tex. Fam.
Code Ann. § 153.0071(c)-(e); In re Lee, 411 S.W.3d at 447.

Under section 153.0071, a mediated settlement agreement is binding on the
parties to it if the agreement (1) “provides, in a prominently displayed statement
that is in boldfaced type or capital letters or underlined, that the agreement is not
subject to revocation”; (2) “is signed by each party to the agreement”; and (3) is
signed by the party’s attorney, if any, who is present at the time the agreement is
signed.” See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 153.0071(d). However, section 153.0071(e-
1) provides that a court may decline to enter judgment on a mediated settlement
agreement if the court finds that (1) a party to the agreement was a victim of family
violence; (2) that circumstance impaired the party’s ability to make decisions; and
(3) the agreement is not in the child’s best interest. Id. § 153.0071(e-1). “For this
narrow exception to apply, all three requirements must be found by the trial court.”
In re A.D.B., 640 S.W.3d at 610.

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Otherwise, if a mediated settlement agreement meets the requirements of
section 153.0071(d), a party is entitled to judgment on the agreement and a trial
court generally lacks any discretion to decline to enter judgment on or deviate from
the agreement’s terms. In re Lee, 411 S.W.3d at 451; In re A.D.B., 640 S.W.3d at
610. However, the trial court “may include terms necessary to effectuate and
implement the parties’ agreement, so long as they do not substantially alter it.” In
re L.T.H., 502 S.W.3d 338, 345 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2016, no pet.).
We review de novo whether a mediated settlement agreement complies with
statutory requirements. In re A.D.B., 640 S.W.3d at 610.

Since a mediated settlement agreement is a contract, general principles of
contract interpretation apply to ascertain its meaning. Loya v. Loya, 526 S.W.3d
448, 451 (Tex. 2017). We give terms their plain, ordinary, and generally accepted
meanings unless the agreement shows that the parties used them in a technical or
different sense. Id.

Here, Mother’s and Father’s mediated settlement agreement complied with
the requirements of section 153.0071(d) as necessary to render it binding on the
parties. See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 153.0071(d). Specifically, the second page of
the agreement states, “This agreement is not subject to revocation, pursuant to
6.602 and 153.0071, Texas Family Code. THIS AGREEMENT IS BINDING.”
(emphasis in original). The agreement also is signed by Mother and Father and
their respective attorneys. Mother did not argue in the trial court or on appeal that
the agreement is unenforceable under section 153.0071(e-1) because of family
violence. See id. § 153.0071(e-1). Therefore, Father was entitled to a judgment on
the mediated settlement agreement that fully incorporated the agreement’s terms.
See In re Lee, 411 S.W.3d at 451; In re A.D.B., 640 S.W.3d at 610.

But the trial court’s final divorce decree impermissibly altered the terms of

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the mediated settlement agreement by modifying the provision governing when the
parties would meet in Huntsville to exchange the children. Under the plain
language of the mediated settlement agreement, Father’s possession would be in
accordance with a standard possession order, which meant that Father would be
entitled to possession of the children on the first, third, and fifth weekend of every
month. See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 153.313(1). Continuing on, the agreement
states that, as long as Mother, Father, and the children live in their current
locations, “exchanges will occur at the McDonald’s restaurant at the intersection of
I45 and 190 in Huntsville, Texas.”

But rather than incorporating these terms, the trial court’s final divorce
decree states that Mother and Father will meet in Huntsville to exchange the
children only “once per month” and, “[o]n the other weekends,” Father will pick
up and return the children at Mother’s residence. (emphasis in original). This
constitutes an impermissible deviation from the terms of the mediated settlement
agreement, which provides that all exchanges will occur in Huntsville. See In re
Lee, 411 S.W.3d at 451; In re A.D.B., 640 S.W.3d at 610. The trial court therefore
abused its discretion when it failed to enter judgment on the parties’ mediated
settlement agreement. See Tex. Fam. Code Ann. § 153.0071(d).

We sustain Father’s sole issue on appeal.

CONCLUSION

We reverse the trial court’s final divorce decree and remand the case to the
trial court to enter an order in accordance with this court’s opinion.

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/s/ Meagan Hassan
Justice

Panel consists of Justices Hassan, Poissant, and Wilson.

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