Martinez v. Salgado

THIS OPINION HAS NO PRECEDENTIAL VALUE. IT SHOULD NOT BE
CITED OR RELIED ON AS PRECEDENT IN ANY PROCEEDING
EXCEPT AS PROVIDED BY RULE 268(d)(2), SCACR.

THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA
In The Court of Appeals

Jose Martinez, Respondent,

v.

Jose Efrain Henriquez Salgado; Farley Construction;
Auto-Owners Insurance Company; and Builders Mutual
Insurance Company,

Of whom Jose Efrain Henriquez Salgado and
Auto-Owners Insurance Company are the Appellants,

And

Farley Construction and Builders Mutual Insurance
Company are the Respondents.

Appellate Case No. 2016-002148

Appeal From The Workers' Compensation Commission

Unpublished Opinion No. 2018-UP-256
Submitted March 1, 2018 – Filed June 13, 2018

AFFIRMED

Frank Reid Warder, Jr., of Warder Law Firm, LLC, of
Charleston; and John Davis Stroud, of McAngus
Goudelock & Courie, LLC, of Mount Pleasant, for
Appellants.

George Albert Taylor, of Callison Tighe & Robinson,
LLC, of Columbia, for Respondents Farley Construction
and Builders Mutual Insurance Company.

Joseph R. Baldwin, of Greer, for Respondent Jose
Martinez.

PER CURIAM: Jose Efrain Henriquez Salgado and Auto-Owners Insurance
Company appeal an order of the Appellate Panel of the Workers' Compensation
Commission finding Jose Martinez was Salgado's employee at the time of his
injury. On appeal, Salgado argues the Appellate Panel erred in (1) applying the
four-factor test used in Farrar v. D.W. Daniel High School, 309 S.C. 523, 424
S.E.2d 543 (Ct. App. 1992), to determine whether an employment relationship
existed; (2) finding an employment relationship existed between Salgado and
Martinez; and (3) finding a contractual relationship existed between Salgado and
Farley Construction Company. We affirm pursuant to Rule 220(b), SCACR, and
the following authorities:

1. As to issues 1 and 2: Porter v. Labor Depot, 372 S.C. 560, 566, 643 S.E.2d 96,
99 (Ct. App. 2007) ("Judicial review of a Workers' Compensation decision is
governed by the substantial evidence rule of the Administrative Procedures Act.
However, if the factual issue before the Commission involves a jurisdictional
question, this court's review is governed by the preponderance of evidence
standard." (citation omitted)); id. at 567, 643 S.E.2d at 100 ("The existence of the
employer-employee relationship is a jurisdictional question."); id. at 572, 643
S.E.2d at 102 ("The fundamental test of the employment relationship is the right of
the employer to control the details of the employee's work."); id. at 572, 643
S.E.2d at 102-03 ("There are four elements which determine the right of control: 1)
direct evidence of the right or exercise of control; 2) furnishing of equipment; 3)
right to fire; and 4) method of payment."); Wilkinson ex rel. Wilkinson v. Palmetto
State Transp. Co., 382 S.C. 295, 307, 676 S.E.2d 700, 706 (2009) (holding the four
factors "should be evaluated in an evenhanded manner"); Ferguson v. New
Hampshire Ins. Co., 412 S.C. 203, 211-13, 771 S.E.2d 851, 856-57 (Ct. App.
2015) (applying the four-factor test to determine whether a claimant qualifies as an
employee for workers' compensation coverage).
2. As to issue 3: Shealy v. Aiken Cty., 341 S.C. 448, 455, 535 S.E.2d 438, 442
(2000) ("Substantial evidence is not a mere scintilla of evidence nor evidence
viewed from one side, but such evidence, when the whole record is considered, as
would allow reasonable minds to reach the conclusion the [Appellate Panel]
reached."); Spivey v. D.G. Const. Co., 321 S.C. 19, 22, 467 S.E.2d 117, 119 (Ct.
App. 1996) ("The employment relationship is contractual in character; however, no
formality is required. The contract may be oral or written, and also may be implied
from conduct of the parties.").

AFFIRMED.1

HUFF, GEATHERS, and MCDONALD, JJ., concur.

1
We decide this case without oral argument pursuant to Rule 215, SCACR.