Thomas v. Pippin, Int. 105,801, Paper 99 (April 24, 2013) [Interferences - procedure - request to convert application to SIR; ministerial actions during appeal]•Thomas v. Pippin
Thomas v. Pippin
Thomas v. Pippin, Int. 105,801, Paper 99 (April 24, 2013) [Interferences - procedure - request to convert application to SIR; ministerial actions during appeal]Ptab Interferences
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____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ BoxInterferences@uspto.gov Paper 99 Telephone: 571-272-4863 Entered: 24 April 2013 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD Patent Interference 105,801 (JL) Technology Center 2100 C. DOUGLASS THOMAS and ALAN E. THOMAS Junior Party U.S. Patent 5,752,011 v. JACK D. PIPPIN Senior Party Application 10/464,482 Before: JAMES DONALD SMITH, Chief Administrative Patent Judge, JAMES T. MOORE, Deputy Chief Administrative Patent Judge, FRED E. McKELVEY, JAMESON LEE, SALLY GARDNER LANE, MICHAEL R. ZECHER and JUSTIN T. ARBES, Administrative Patent Judges. McKELVEY, Administrative Patent Judge. DECISION ON REHEARING Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 1 Introduction 2 Thomas seeks rehearing of our decision entered 6 March 2013 (Paper 97) 3 granting-in-part relief requested in Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 (Paper 80). 4 37 CFR § 41.125(c). The Pippin Motion sought entry of an order by the PTAB
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 accepting for filing in the interference file a request to convert the involved Pippin application to a SIR (Statutory Invention Registration—35 U.S.C. § 157). The Pippin SIR request accompanied the motion. Ex 1011. Points raised on rehearing Timeliness of Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 As Thomas did in the Opposition (Paper 95), in the Rehearing Request Thomas repeats its argument that Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 was not timely filed (Paper 98, pages 4-6). Thomas maintains that ¶ 123.2 of our Standing Order requires a movant to explain why a motion is timely. According to Thomas, Pippin made no showing of timeliness. Accordingly, Pippin is said not to have complied with ¶ 123.2. In seeking to file a SIR request, Pippin was seeking to exercise a then available statutory remedy. See 35 U.S.C. § 157 (now repealed). Section 157 did not specify a time for filing a SIR. Consistent with § 157 and the fact that filing a SIR request makes sense only during pendency of an application, the Director’s § 157 implementing rule provides that an applicant “may request [conversion of an application to a SIR], at any time during the pendency of [its] . . . application”. 37 CFR § 1.293 (Rule 293). Nothing in Rule 293 provides that an applicant involved in an interference cannot file a SIR request after entry of a judgment in the interference. Nor is there any provision of § 157 or Rule 293 which prohibits filing a SIR request after an appeal from a final judgment in an interference. It is true that no action by the USPTO on the Pippin SIR request can take place until after the Director receives a Federal Circuit mandate. However, an inability of the USPTO to act on the Pippin SIR request pending receipt of a mandate does not mean the SIR request was not timely filed. Pippin had a right under § 157 and Rule 293 to file its SIR request when it did; accordingly, the excusable neglect provisions of 37 CFR §41.4(b)(2) do not 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 apply. Further, assuming arguendo that excusable neglect is a consideration, we would be inclined to invoke the interest of justice exception and hold that it is in the interest of justice to permit the filing, particularly because a SIR request could not have been filed after 16 March 2013. Thomas seemingly is concerned with Pippin’s motive in filing its SIR request when it did and argues that the motive is relevant to timeliness. Nothing in § 157 or Rule 293 requires an applicant to state the “reason” a SIR request is filed. In our view, Pippin’s motive for filing its SIR request is not controlling on any timeliness issue. As motive is not controlling, we see no need for Pippin to justify why a SIR request should have been earlier filed. Permission to file its SIR request According to Thomas, all that Pippin requested in Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 was “permission to file” a SIR request. Thomas acknowledges that Ex 1011 accompanied Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1. Paper 98, page 7:9-10. But, further according to Thomas, “an exhibit to a motion in an interference proceeding is not a filing of the exhibit itself.” Id. at page 7:10-11. Thomas continues, “[t]hus a SIR request has not yet been filed in the interference proceeding or elsewhere.” Id. at page 7:11-12. Ex 1011 is a SIR request. It accompanied Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 and was filed in the USPTO (albeit in the interference file) when Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 was filed. To say that Pippin did not file a SIR request in the USPTO places form over substance. In this case, the Pippin SIR request was properly addressed to, and filed with, the PTAB because the PTAB has jurisdiction over the involved Pippin application. Action on the Pippin SIR request cannot take place at this time. When a Federal Circuit mandate is received, the PTAB can then transmit the filed SIR request to the proper USPTO unit for processing and action. 3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 SIR relief available to Pippin Thomas presents an argument that SIR relief is no longer available to Pippin. Paper 98, pages 8-9. Two reasons are set out in support of the Thomas argument. First, Thomas maintains that a SIR request has not been filed. For the reasons addressed above, we disagree. Second, “the requested relief of Pippin [Miscellaneous] [M]otion [1] is now unavailable and thus [the relief requested in] Pippin’s motion is moot.” Paper 98, page 8:11-12. Relying on 37 CFR § 1.4(b) (Rule 1.4(b)), Thomas reasons that the Pippin SIR request had to be filed in the Pippin application—not the interference. It is true that Rule 1.4(b) requires that “a separate copy of every paper to be filed in a patent application . . . must be furnished for each file to which the paper pertains.” However, when an interference has been declared, Rule 1.4(b) must be read together with 37 CFR § 41.103 (Rule 41.103). Rule 41.103 vests the PTAB with jurisdiction over an involved application. A party is not authorized to file a paper in an involved application without leave of the PTAB. Our decision granting-in-part Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 authorizes filing of the SIR request in the interference. The SIR request will be added to the involved Pippin application only upon receipt of the Federal Circuit mandate. Consequently, the relief requested in Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 has not been rendered moot due to the filing of the Pippin SIR request in the interference. Thomas may be suggesting that, after 16 March 2013, the USPTO may not be able to act on a SIR request filed prior to 16 March 2013. Paper 98, page 8:21-23. We decline at this time to address that suggestion. Whether a SIR request filed prior to 16 March 2013 can be acted upon by the USPTO after 16 March 2013 is a decision not yet ripe. Upon receipt of the Federal Circuit mandate, the Director may elect to determine whether the repeal of § 157 is retroactive or prospective only. 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Impact on Federal Circuit appeal Introduction Thomas maintains that filing the Pippin SIR request will have an impact on its appeal to the Federal Circuit. Paper 98, pages 9-10. Accordingly, Thomas “believes that the Board misapprehended the scope of [the Federal Circuit] appeal.” Id. at page 9:19-20. Factual background We have had some difficulty understanding the precise basis for the position taken by Thomas. We therefore set out the factual basis of our understanding. There came a time during the interference when Thomas filed what is referred to in an interference as a “motions list.” Paper 26. The purpose of the motions list is to present a list of motions a party seeks authorization to file. 37 CFR § 41.120(a); Standing Order ¶ 104.2.1. After receipt of motions lists from both parties, a conference call with a single judge is held to discuss what motions should be authorized. Standing Order ¶ 104.2. Thereafter, an order is entered indicating which listed motions are authorized. Judge Lee was assigned to manage this particular interference. An “Order— Authorizing Motions—Bd. R. 121” (Paper 31) was entered on 16 June 2011 following a conference call on 15 June 2011 with Judge Lee. The “Order” sets out which motions requested by Thomas are authorized and which motions are “not authorized.” The “Order” is a single-judge interlocutory order. A single-judge order is not a panel order. It appears that Thomas listed a motion for judgment based on alleged unpatentability due to double patenting. Paper 26 (page 2: listed Motion 3; page 2: listed contingent Motion 4; page 3: listed Motion 5). Judge Lee declined to authorize any of Thomas listed Motions 3-5. Paper 31, pages 4-5. 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 The “Order” is not an appealable order Governing statutes provide that a party in an interference dissatisfied with a decision of the PTAB (35 U.S.C. § 141) or a party dissatisfied with a decision of the PTAB in an inter partes trademark proceeding (Sec. 21 of the Lanham Act; 15 U.S.C. § 1071(a)(1)) may appeal to the Federal Circuit. See also 28 U.S.C. § 1295(a)(4)(A) and (B). While the statutes do not use the language “final decision,” the Federal Circuit sitting en banc has held that the word “decision” in Sec. 21 means “final decision.” Copelands’ Enterprises, Inc. v. CNV, Inc., 887 F.2d 1065 (Fed. Cir. 1989). While Copelands’ concerned a PTAB inter partes appeal under Sec. 21, the Copelands’ rationale applies with equal force to appeals under § 141. In its Rehearing Request, Thomas suggests that it may further challenge in its appeal to the Federal Circuit “listed but denied preliminary motions.” Paper 98, page 10:1. We assume that Thomas means “listed but not authorized preliminary motions alleging unpatentability based on double patenting” because Thomas states that “[d]ouble patenting of the involved Count has been challenged at the Board level.” Id. at page 9-23: to page 10:1. However, Thomas did not properly ask for review, or entry of a final decision by the PTAB, of Judge Lee’s interlocutory decision not to authorize filing of double patenting rejections. We take this opportunity to explain the procedure within the agency for obtaining a final decision on a single-judge interlocutory order. Each interference is assigned to, and managed by, a single judge. 37 CFR §§ 41.104(a) (PTAB may determine proper course of conduct in a proceeding) and 41.203(b) (interference declared by a judge); Standing Order, ¶ 2.1. The Standing 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Order is entered in every interference and is transmitted to the parties along with the Declaration of the interference. See Papers 1 and 2. A decision by a single judge is not a decision of a three-judge panel of the PTAB and therefore is not a “final” decision within the meaning of § 141. In order to make an “interlocutory” order a final decision of a three-judge panel of the PTAB, a party must seek further review before a three-judge panel of the PTAB. Otherwise, the PTAB will not have entered a PTAB decision which is “final for the purposes of judicial review” within the meaning of the rules. 37 CFR § 41.2 (definition of “final”). Why is review before a three-judge panel necessary? Judge Lee’s Order declining to authorize motions based on double patenting became operative as of the date it was entered (16 June 2011). The interference proceeded on the basis that certain motions were not authorized. The Director has determined that there is a public interest in timely resolution of interferences. 37 CFR § 41.200(c). By not promptly seeking review within the PTAB, Thomas gave an impression to both Pippin and the PTAB that it was not dissatisfied with Judge Lee’s decision. It is for this reason that the rules require review, and entry of a decision, by a three- judge panel before any decision entered in an interference becomes “final” for the purpose of judicial review. Under the circumstances, we do not see why the Federal Circuit would consider an argument on appeal that Judge Lee erroneously declined to authorize motions because there is no “final” PTAB decision to review. The rule seeks to correct single-judge errors before a case becomes involved in judicial review. As we do not understand how the scope of the appeal can be affected, we decline to grant rehearing based on Thomas’ argument that filing the Pippin SIR request will have some negative impact on the appeal. We continue to be of the view that the mere filing of the Pippin SIR request is a ministerial action. 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Permission to petition Thomas asks the PTAB to give permission to file a petition prior to permitting Pippin to “submit [i.e., file,] its request for conversion to a SIR.” Paper 95, page 10:4-5. The mere filing of the Pippin SIR request in the interference is a procedural matter. The rules do not authorize the filing of a petition in a contested case on a procedural matter. 37 CFR § 41.3(b)(2). In interferences, former petition practice under pre-1984 rules was replaced by motions practice. Thomas has had an opportunity to seek administrative redress from our decision granting-in-part Pippin Miscellaneous Motion 1 via its Rehearing Request. In considering the Rehearing Request, we have not imposed the normal restrictions applicable to requests for rehearing. Rather, we have considered the Rehearing Request on its merits without limiting our consideration to misapprehension of or overlooked facts or argument. Decision Upon consideration of the Thomas Rehearing Request (Paper 98), and for the reasons given, it is ORDERED that the Thomas Rehearing Request is denied. 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 By Electronic Transmission: To Junior Party Thomas: Richard A. Neifeld, Esq. Robert W. Hahl, Esq. Neifeld IP Law, PC rneifeld@neifeld.com rhahl@neifeld.com To Senior Party Pippin: R. Danny Huntington, Esq. William H. Hughet, Esq. Rothwell, Figg, Ernst & Manbeck, PC dhuntington@rothwellfigg.com whughet@rothwellfigg.com 9
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