Western Biomass Energy LLC

IN THE UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF WYOMING
fure 	)
)
WESTERN BIOMASS ENERGY 	)
LLC, 	)
)
Debtor. 	)
Case No. 	12-21085
Chapter 11
OPINION ON TRUSTEE'S MOTION TO ENFORCE THE
SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT
On November 26, 2013, the court held an evidentiary hearing on the Motion to
Approve and Enforce Settlement Agreement ("Settlement Agreement") filed by Randy
Royal, chapter 7 trustee ("Trustee"). Security National Bank of Omaha ("Bank") filed its
objection. At the request of the parties, the court concurrently held the hearing on the
Bank's Motion for Relieffrom Stay ("Relief Motion") and the Trustee's objections. At
the conclusion of the hearing, the court took both matters under advisement. After
reviewing the record, testimony and other evidence, applicable law, and the parties
arguments, the court is prepared to rule.
Jurisdiction
This court has jurisdiction of this matter under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1334 and 157. This
is a core proceeding under § 157(b)(2)(G).
Facts
The history of this case is extremely involved with numerous complicated and
overlapping issues.
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On October 31, 2012, Western Biomass Energy, LLC ("Debtor") filed its chapter
11 bankruptcy petition. As the debtor-in-possession, Debtor continued to manage the
business which consisted of a demonstration ethanol plant and other assets located in
Upton, Wyoming. However, Debtor was not producing ethanol for sale and was forced
into bankruptcy due to the expiration of existing contracts. Through the testimony
presented at numerous hearings, the court learned that this facility is a state-of-the-art
ethanol plant constructed with the best components and technology. In December 2012
and January 2013, Debtor sold equipment and ethanol using part of the proceeds to
maintain the property and pay the day-to-day expenses with the Bank's consent to the use
of its cash collateral and the court's approval.
Debtor filed its Motion for Authority to Obtain Credit Under Section 364(b) on
December 7, 2012. The Bank and the Official Unsecured Creditors' Committee
("OUCC") filed objections opposing the super-priority creditor status that was proposed
for the debtor-in-possession lender. After an evidentiary hearing, the court denied this
motion on February 26, 2013. Prior to resolution of this motion, the OUCC filed a
motion to convert the case to a chapter 7. OUCC's motion to convert was subsequently
resolved by a stipulation that provided for the appointment of a chapter 11 trustee, at the
conclusion of the sale of the Debtor's assets through the on-line auction.
On February 21, 2013, Debtor filed its motion to employ Great American Group,
LLC ("Great American") as the financial consultant and liquidator for the bankruptcy
estate. The court granted the motion. Thereafter, Debtor filed its motion for the court's
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approval to liquidate substantially all of the Debtor's assets. The motion was granted and
Great American held the on-line auction on June 11 and 12, 2013. GeoSynFuels, LLC
("GeoSyn") was the successful bidder and purchased Debtor's assets for the amount of
$525,000.00.
On June 20, 2013, the Bank filed its Objection to Sale and Motion for Entry of an
Order Denying Confirmation of the Sale of Substantially All of Debtor's Assets Free and
Clear of Liens, Claims and Interests and Setting Aside Sale ("Bank's Objection").
GeoSyn filed its response. Debtor then filed a Motion to Sell Property Free and Clear of
Liens on July 3, 2013 ("API Sale Motion"). This was a proposed sale to a different
party, American Process, Inc. ("API") than the purchaser from the on-line auction sale,
e.g., GeoSyn. The Debtor also filed its Motion to Approve Settlement Agreement. This
is the agreement that the Trustee is currently seeking the court's approval and
enforcement.
On July 30, 2013, the court held hearings on all three pending matters: (1) Bank's
Objection; (2) API Sale Motion; and, (3) Debtor's Settlement Agreement. At the
conclusion of these hearings, the court took the matters under advisement.
On August 1, 2013, based upon the United States Trustee's unopposed Motion to
Convert, the court converted the chapter 11 case to a chapter 7. Randy Royal was
appointed as the chapter 7 trustee.
Thereafter, on August 6, 2013, the court entered: (1) the opinion and judgment
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sustaining the Bank's Objection and denying confirmation of the GeoSyn sale; (2) the
order denying the API Sale Motion without prejudice; and, (3) the order denying
approval of the Settlement Agreement without prejudice. On August 15, 2013, GeoSyn
filed its notice on intent to appeal the court's opinion and judgment regarding the Bank's
Objection to the Tenth Circuit Bankruptcy Appellate Panel. GeoSyn filed a Motion for a
Stay or Other Relief Pending Appeal, which is currently under advisement with this
court. The Bank filed its motion requesting relief from the automatic stay, which, as
stated, is currently under advisement. The Trustee filed this Motion to Approve and
Enforce Settlement Agreement Compromise under Rule 9091 on October 17, 20 13.
Discussion
Fed. R. Bankr. P 9019 provides that, "On motion by the trustee and after notice
and a hearing, the court may approve a compromise or settlement." The Trustee argues
that the Settlement Agreement, which this court previously denied without prejudice,
should be approved and enforced as it is in the best interest of the estate and the only
ability that the estate has to pay administrative claims and provide a "meaningful"
distribution to unsecured creditors. The Trustee asserts that the court denied
confirmation of the sale to GeoSyn as the sale provided for only a partial payment to the
Bank and no distribution to unsecured creditors. If the court does not approve and
enforce the Settlement Agreement, a "sale by the Trustee will provide payment to the
Bank and nothing to the unsecured creditors." Secondly, the Trustee argues that the
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Settlement Agreement's reference to API as the purchaser is not binding as the Bank
acknowledged the Agreement would be binding if another entity other than API was the
purchaser. Next, the Trustee asserts that the Bank capped its secured claim at
$850,000.00 and any deficiency claim at $25,000.00. Lastly, the Trustee argues that the
Bank is judicially estopped from arguing against approval and enforcement of the
Agreement.
Bank objects to the approval and enforcement of the Settlement Agreement,
arguing (1) the plain, clear and unambiguous language indicates that the terms of the
agreement were contingent on the Court's approval of the sale of the assets to API as a
condition precedent; (2) the Trustee has not proposed a sale or any other potential buyer;
and, (3) the court should deny the motion to enforce the Settlement Agreement based
upon equity and the Bank's pending motion for relief from the stay as the Bank is
suffering, and will continue to be harmed, as it is forced to pay over $10,000.00 per
month to protect the collateral by paying for security, utilities and insurance on the assets.
The Trustee does not have funds in the chapter 7 case to pay these on-going expenses.
The Bankruptcy Court looks to applicable state law to construe and interpret
contracts. 1 Therefore, the court will apply Wyoming law to the interpretation of the
Settlement Agreement.
The Wyoming Supreme Court states,
1 In re Schott, 282 BR. 1,7 {10 1h Cir. BAP 2002), citing Butner v. United States, 440 U.S. 48, 54 (1979).
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"A court must consider all of the pertinent language in an agreement
in interpreting the agreement. Wyoming's rules of interpretation require
that the court interpret a contract as a whole, reading each provision in light
of all the others to find their plain meaning. The court presumes each
provision in the contract has a purpose, and the court avoids interpreting
the contract so as to find inconsistent provisions or so as to render any
provision meaningless. 2 When the provisions in the contract are clear and
unambiguous, the court looks only to the "four comers" of the document in
arriving at the intent of the parties. 3 If the language is ambiguous, then a
court may use extrinsic evidence in an effort to determine the intentions of
the parties. 4
The Settlement Agreement was entered into between the Debtor and the Bank,
collectively known as "Parties." The Settlement Agreement provided that the Debtor
would file: (1) a motion to approve the Settlement Agreement; (2) a response supporting
Bank's Objection; and, (3) the API Sale Motion.
Specifically, the Settlement Agreement states the following relevant terms:
2. 	"If the Sale of the Assets to GeoSyn is set aside and the sale of the
Assets to API is approved:
a. 	Bank shall only be entitled to the first $850,000.00 of the
Purchase Price, to be paid to Bank immediately upon closing of the
sale to API; and,
b. The remainder of the Purchase Price shall be used to
satisfy: (1) allowed administrative claims (including United States
Trustee fees); (2) any allowed claim of Great American Group,
LLC; and, (3) a distribution to unsecured creditors ofWBE's
bankruptcy estate after the above two expenses categories have been
2 Sheridan Fire Fighters Local No. 276, IAFF, AFL-CIO, CLC v. City of Sheridan, Wyo., 303 P.3d 1110,
1116 (Wyo, 2013).
3 Union Pacific Resources Co. v. Texaco, 882 P.2d 212,220 (Wyo. 1994).
4 Sheridan Fire Fighters at 1114 citing Davison v. Wyoming Game and Fish Comm 'n, 238 P.3d 556, 560
(Wyo. 2010)
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fully satisfied.
3. 	To the extent Bank has an allowed deficiency claim, Bank shall be
entitled to share with other unsecured creditors ofWBE's
bankruptcy estate in any distribution to unsecured creditors, but in
no event shall Bank's recovery on an allowed deficiency claims
exceed $25,000.00.
4. 	To the extent that the Assets are sold to GeoSyn, API or another
entity (in the event an offer is received by WBE from another entity
and that offer exceeds the Purchase Price), and the purchase price of
said sale exceeds $1,218,7500.00, Bank shall be entitled to recover
all amounts in excess of$1,218,750.00 until its allowed claim is
paid in full.
5. 	This Agreement is subject to the Bankruptcy Court's approval."
The court denied approval of the Settlement Agreement, without prejudice.
Interpreting the Settlement Agreement
The court must consider all the pertinent language in interpreting the Settlement
Agreement, as a whole, reading each provision in light of all the others to find their plain
meaning. The court interprets the Settlement Agreement to state that the Bank agreed to
accept $850,000.00 as partial satisfaction of its secured amount, if two conditions were
met: (1) the court set aside or not confirm the sale of the assets to GeoSyn from the on-
line auction; and, (2) the court approve the sale of the assets to API in the amount of
$1,218,750.00 or to another entity, GeoSyn and API included, for an amount greater than
$1,218,750.00. The court denied confirmation of the sale to GeoSyn and did not approve
the sale to API. Therefore, neither condition of the Settlement Agreement was met.
"An ambiguous contract is an agreement which is obscure in its meaning because
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of the indefiniteness of expressed term ... " 5 The Wyoming Supreme Court held, "where a
contract is 'silent' on some significant point, 'the terms of the contract are obviously
unclear. "' 6 The terms of the Settlement Agreement that are unclear and in dispute are: (1)
the duration of time that a sale to another entity would be considered for an amount over
$1,281,750.00; and, (2) whether the Bank's deficiency claim is capped at $25,000.00 not
providing the Bank to collect reimbursement on the continuing protective payments.
Therefore, the court finds that the Settlement Agreement is ambiguous and looks beyond
its "four-comers" to determine the parties' intent.
Keith McCormick ("McCormick"), Senior Vice President of the Bank, testified
that the Bank became aware of the API offer after the on-line auction was completed,
from Debtor's counsel. To gamer support for its objection to the confirmation of the
GeoSyn sale from the Debtor and OUCC, the Bank agreed to provide a "carve-out
amount" from the proceeds of any sale to API, to allow the estate to pay administrative
claims. The Bank agreed to accept less than the total amount of its claim, in return for an
expedited closing with API, which McCormick understood would be 10-15 days from
the date the court approved the sale. The expedited closing date was important to the
Bank as its claim continues to accrue interest and the Bank continues to pay the
protective costs on the bankruptcy estate assets that is the collateral for the Bank's loan to
the Debtor.
5 Sheridan Firefighers citing State Farm Fire and Casualty Co. v. Paulson, 756 P.2d 764, 766 (Wyo. 1988)
quoting Bulis v. Wells, 565 P.2d 487,490 (Wyo. 1977).
6 Madison v. Marlatt, 619 P.2d 708, 716 (Wyo. 1980).
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Brad Hunsicker ("Hunsicker"), Debtor's former counsel, and the party that drafted
the Settlement Agreement, testified that approval of the API Sale Motion was necessary
for the enforcement of the Settlement Agreement. He also testified that the parties'
anticipated sale to API would bolster others' interest, including GeoSyn, to out bid API
providing for a greater sale amount than previously attained at the on-line auction and the
proposed sale to API.
The court, finding that the sale price for the estate's assets from the on-line
auction to GeoSyn was grossly inadequate did not confirm the sale. At that hearing,
Todd Harvey, of GeoSyn, testified that it was "willing to participate," in a bidding sale
with API. Therefore, the court ordered the chapter 7 trustee to "evaluate and determine
whether a telephone auction between interested parties is in the estate's best interest and
proceed accordingly in the immediate future ... " 7
The court's review of the intrinsic testimony and evidence finds that the parties'
intentions were for the sale to be consummated immediately with API, GeoSyn or an
entity that might present a greater offer. Urgency was the concern. All parties appear to
have wanted the sale of the assets to be resolved immediately, not allowing for an
extended period for marketing and rescheduling of the sale.
The court's interpretation of the Settlement Agreement, testimony and other
intrinsic evidence does not find that it was the parties' intent that the Bank would
continue to pay the protective costs of security, insurance, and utilities on the estate's
7 Order on Motion for Approval of Sale of Personal Property, entered on August 6, 2013. Emphasis added.
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assets indefinitely. The time period involved appears to be until the close of the API
sale.
The court finds that the terms of the Settlement Agreement were not met. The sale
to GeoSyn was not confirmed. The sale to API was not approved. The proposed sale to
API did not generate a rush of potential buyers willing to get into a bidding war to
purchase the assets for an amount greater than API's offer. The Settlement Agreement,
by its own terms, is unenforceable. Therefore the court will not approve it.
This opinion constitutes the Court's findings of fact and conclusions of law. A
separate order shall be entered pursuant to Fed. R. Bankr. P. 9021.
DATED thisc=:<O day of December, 2013.
Service to:
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Dyekman
Smiley
By the Court
United States Bankruptcy Judge
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