Seay v. Chase et al

5:25-cv-01593NyndMay 5, 2026

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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document 12 Filed 05/05/26 Page 1 of 7

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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document 12 Filed 05/05/26 Page 2 of 7

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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document 12 Filed 05/05/26 Page 3 of 7

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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document 12 Filed 05/05/26 Page 4 of 7

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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document 12 Filed 05/05/26 Page 5 of 7

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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document 12 Filed 05/05/26 Page 6 of 7

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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document 12 Filed 05/05/26 Page 7 of 7

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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document12- Filed 05/05/26 Page 1of7

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK

LUTHER D. SEAY, JR.,

Plaintiff,
VS. 5:25-CV-1593
(MAD/DJS)
SHAUN M. CHASE, WILLIAM C. SULLIVAN,
and CERIO LAW OFFICES,
Defendants.
APPEARANCES: OF COUNSEL:

LUTHER D. SEAY, JR.
93001306

Onondaga County Justice Center
555 South State Street

Syracuse, New York 13202
Plaintiff, pro se

Mae A. D'Agostino, U.S. District Judge:
ORDER

On November 12, 2025, Luther D. Seay, Jr. ("Plaintiff") commenced this action pro se,
pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging that Shaun M. Chase, William C. Sullivan, and Cerio Law
Offices ("Defendants") provided ineffective assistance of counsel in violation of Plaintiff's Sixth
Amendment rights. See Dkt. No. 1. In a Report-Recommendation and Order dated December 23,
2025, Magistrate Judge Daniel J. Stewart recommended that Plaintiff's complaint be dismissed
without leave to amend. See Dkt. No. 9 at 5. Specifically, Magistrate Judge Stewart found that
Defendants are not state actors, and, as such, "dismissal with prejudice is appropriate." Jd.

(quoting Norwood v. Albany City Police Dep't, No. 1:19-CV-769, 2019 WL 7593292, 2

AUTHENTICATED
U.S. GOVERNMENT

INFORMATIO
GPO



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Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document 12 Filed 05/05/26 Page 2 of 7

Case 5:25-cv-01593-MAD-DJS Document12_ Filed 05/05/26 Page 3 of 7

training." Govan v. Campbell, 289 F. Supp. 2d 289, 295 (N.D.N.Y. 2003) (alteration in original)
(quoting Traguth v. Zuck, 710 F.2d 90, 95 (2d Cir. 1983)).

When a party files specific objections to a magistrate judge's report-recommendation and
order, the district court makes a "de novo determination of those portions of the report or
specified proposed findings or recommendations to which objection is made." 28 U.S.C. §
636(b)(1). A proper objection must be timely, specific, and "not raise new arguments not
previously made before the magistrate judge." Nambiar v. Cent. Orthopedic Grp., LLP, 158 F.4th
349, 359 (2d Cir. 2025) (citation omitted). Objections reiterating arguments already made to the
magistrate judge are proper if they are timely and specific. See id. at 360-61. When a party
declines to file objections, or "fails to properly object[,]" the district court reviews the
recommendations for clear error. Jd. at 358-59. After the appropriate review, "[a] judge of the
court may accept, reject, or modify, in whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made by
the magistrate judge." 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). Because Plaintiff did not file objections, the Court
reviews Magistrate Judge Stewart's Report-Recommendation and Order for clear error.

The Court does not discern any clear error in Magistrate Judge Stewart's Report-
Recommendation and Order. Magistrate Judge Stewart correctly stated that "[b]ecause the United
States Constitution regulates only the Government, not private parties, a litigant claiming that his
constitutional rights have been violated must first establish that the challenged conduct constitutes
state action." Dkt. No. 9 at 4 (quoting Flagg v. Yonkers Sav. & Loan Ass'n, FA, 396 F.3d 178,
186 (2d Cir. 2005)). Defendants Chase and Sullivan are sued in their capacities as appointed
counsel. See id. (citing Dkt. No. | at 2-3). "Public defenders, including Legal Aid attorneys,
court-appointed counsel[,] and private attorneys[,] do not act under the color of state law merely

by virtue of their position." Harrison v. New York, 95 F. Supp. 3d 293, 328 (E.D.N.Y. 2015)



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