Gibson v. Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration

OCR transcription for search; preserved printed pages are authoritative

Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document177 Filed 02/27/26 Page1of17

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF MARYLAND

MASHELIA GIBSON,

Plaintiff,
y Case No. 20-cv-3220-ABA
MARYLAND MOTOR VEHICLE

ADMINISTRATION,

Defendant

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER ON MOTIONS IN LIMINE

The parties have filed twenty-five motions in limine in advance of the trial
scheduled to begin April 6, 2026. A pretrial conference is scheduled for March 4, 2026.
The Court has reviewed the motions in limine and responses, and has concluded that as
to some of the motions, no hearing is necessary. The Court hereby rules on Plaintiffs
motions A—D, I, J and L,1 and Defendant’s motions 1, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 11.2 The Court will
address the remaining motions in limine (Plaintiffs motions E—H and K, and
Defendant’s motions 2, 3, 6, 9 and 10) at the pretrial conference. The Court also grants
Plaintiffs motion for leave to amend the joint pre-trial order to file objections to exhibit
90 (ECF No. 140) and to file the associated second motion in limine to exclude the
report of Donna Eisenberg (ECF No. 142), but will reserve decision on the motion to
exclude the report (ECF No. 143) to hear from Defendant before or at the pretrial

conference.

1 These letters refer to the section of Plaintiffs omnibus memorandum in support of her
motions in limine. ECF No. 113.

2 The motion filed at ECF No. 123 is Defendant’s eighth motion, and based on the ECF
filing it appears Defendant intended for that motion to be #8. The Court will refer to
ECF No. 123 as Defendant’s motion in limine #8.

AUTHENTICATED
U.S. GOVERNMENT
INFORMATION

GPO


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 2 of 17


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 5 of 17

Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document177 Filed 02/27/26 Page6of17

argues that “SVSS procedures relating to conducting bus investigations or any other
SVSS policies” are irrelevant. Id.

Defendant’s position is that Ms. Gibson “was terminated for falsifying official
state documents, specifically school bus inspection reports, mileage logs, and time
records for June 26, 2019” and thus “[t]o prove that Plaintiffs submissions were
fraudulent, the MVA must demonstrate how inspections are mandated to be performed
and recorded.” ECF No. 146 at 16. Thus, Defendant contends that certain procedures
laid out in its exhibits are “directly relevant to proving the falsification charge,”
regarding inspection procedures (which Defendant contends “will show that Plaintiffs
submission of inspection data for buses she never physically touched was not merely a
clerical error, but a fundamental violation of the core duties defined in these
documents”), data entry and tag suspensions (to show that “falsifying these records
compromises public safety and the integrity of the state’s vehicle registration system”),
and major defects and overdue repair orders (to “rebut any claim by Plaintiff that her
actions were minor administrative lapses rather than terminable offenses”). Id. at 16—17.
Defendant also contends these procedures are relevant to whether its “refusal to allow
her to ride with male coworkers” was “based on legitimate operational needs dictated by
policy,” specifically related to work time and schedule, and chain of command. Id. at 17—
18. Finally, Defendant contends that several other procedures are relevant to
“impeaching” Plaintiffs “alibi” that “she was not in Kent County (where she logged her
mileage) but was instead working elsewhere.” Id. at 18.

Defendant has shown that at least some, and perhaps many, of the SVSS
procedures identified on its exhibit list have probative value for the reasons set forth

above. Accordingly, Plaintiffs motion will be denied insofar as Plaintiff seeks an order


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 7 of 17

Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 8of17

Motion L (§ 1981 statutory language). Plaintiff has moved to exclude a
defense exhibit that constituted the text of 42 U.S.C. § 1981. ECF No. 113 at 23.
Defendant has withdrawn that exhibit. ECF No. 146 at 21. Accordingly, the motion will
be granted as unopposed.

Eisenberg report. Finally, Plaintiff has filed a belated motion to exclude from
evidence a written report prepared by Donna Eisenberg, Defendant’s handwriting
expert. ECF No. 143. Defendant has not yet responded to the motion, as the Court has
not (until the present order) ruled on Plaintiff's motion for leave to file the motion in
limine. ECF No. 142. The Court notes that ordinarily an expert’s testimony at trial is
presented through the expert’s testimony, not through a written report (which is
generally considered to constitute inadmissible hearsay), but will hear argument at the
pretrial conference on this issue.

Defendant’s Motions in Limine

Motion 1 (evidence of Plaintiff's medical conditions) (ECF No. 116).
Defendant has filed a motion to exclude “all medical records, expert medical testimony,
or lay testimony regarding specific medical diagnosis offered by Plaintiff MaShelia
Gibson.” ECF No. 116. This motion pertains to (a) Dr. DaJuana Goodman, M.D. and
Anthony T. Carr, L.C.P.C., who Defendant contends “were never identified in discovery
as treatment providers or potential witnesses,” (b) a failure to provide adequate
disclosures with respect to Dr. Seth Eaton and Dr. Marcia Levi,4 and (c) whether
Plaintiff may testify that she has suffered from depression, post-traumatic stress

disorder, or high blood pressure given that although a lay witness may “testify to their

4 In addition, at an earlier pretrial conference Plaintiff expressly withdrew Dr. Levin and
Mr. Carr as potential witnesses. See ECF No. 116 at 3.
8


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 10 of 17


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 11 of 17


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 12 of 17


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 13 of 17


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 14 of 17

Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document177_ Filed 02/27/26 Page 15of17

discussed above Plaintiff believes proves that her termination was the product of racial
discrimination.

To the extent this motion seeks to exclude evidence at trial, the motion will be
denied; if Plaintiff believes there is evidence that her termination was the product of
race discrimination, it will be admitted (unless otherwise excluded by another of this
Court’s evidentiary rulings). But the testimony that Plaintiff gave at deposition may very
well have constituted an intentional relinquishment of a known right. This Court’s
ruling that such evidence is admissible is without prejudice to the question of whether
Defendant may be entitled to judgment on such claim in the event of a verdict on
grounds of race discrimination.

Conclusion and Order

For the reasons stated above, the Court hereby ORDERS as follows:
1. Plaintiffs Motion in Limine (ECF No. 113) is GRANTED IN PART,
DENIED IN PART, AND RESERVED IN PART, as follows:
a. Motion A — DENIED (in part as moot, in part on the merits);
b. Motion B — DENIED;
c. Motion C — DENIED;
d. Motion D — DENIED;
e. Motion E through H— RESERVED;
f. Motion I—- GRANTED;
g. Motion J - DENIED IN PART, RESERVED IN PART;
h. Motion K —- RESERVED;

i. Motion L— GRANTED.

15


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Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document 177 Filed 02/27/26 Page 16 of 17

Case 8:20-cv-03220-ABA Document177 Filed 02/27/26 Page17 of 17

b. Defendant’s Exs. 55, 60, 62-65, 68-84, 90.

Date: February 26, 2026 /s/
Adam B. Abelson
United States District Judge

17