Carter v. McCormick et al

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
WESTERN DISTRICT OF ARKANSAS
HOT SPRINGS DIVISION
JOHN PAUL CARTER 	PLAINTIFF
v. 	Case No. 6:24-cv-6052
SHERIFF MCCORMICK
(Garland County, Arkansas);
CHIEF DEPUTY ELROD
(Garland County Detention Center;
CAPTAIN COSGROVE
(Garland County Detention Center; and
FOOD DIRECTOR J HUNDHAUSEN
(Summit Corp) 	DEFENDANTS
ORDER
Before the Court is the Report and Recommendation filed on November 3, 2025, by the
Honorable Christy Comstock, United States Magistrate Judge for the Western District of
Arkansas. ECF No. 66. Judge Comstock recommends that the Motion for Summary Judgment
filed by Separate Defendants Captain Cosgrove, Sheriff McCormick, and Chief Deputy Elrod
(ECF No. 46) be granted. 	Judge Comstock further recommends that the Motion for Summary
Judgment filed by Separate Defendant Food Director Hundhausen (ECF No. 49) be granted.
Plaintiff has responded with objections. 	ECF No. 67. 	The Court finds the matter ripe for
consideration.
I. BACKGROUND
Plaintiff, representing himself in this matter, initiated this civil rights action pursuant to
42 U.S.C. § 1983. 	At all times relevant to Plaintiff’s claim, he was a pretrial detainee at the
Garland County Detention Center. 	Plaintiff alleges that, on March 14, 2024, he was eating his
evening meal when he noticed something prickly and spit it out. Plaintiff claims that the prickly
object was a castor bean, and that it gave him diarrhea. According to Plaintiff, Defendants were
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aware that castor beans had previously been found in the food. Plaintiff alleges a single claim of
unconstitutional conditions of confinement regarding adequate meals. Plaintiff sues Defendants
in their official and individual capacities.
Judge Comstock found that Defendants were entitled to summary judgment on Plaintiff’s
claim and recommended dismissal of Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint. 	ECF No. 6. 	Plaintiff
objects.
II. STANDARD OF REVIEW
The Court may designate a magistrate judge to hear pre- and post-trial matters and to
submit to the Court proposed findings of fact and recommendations for disposition. 28 U.S.C. §
636(b)(1). 	Within fourteen days of receipt of a magistrate judge’s report and recommendation,
“a 	party 	may 	serve 	and 	file 	specific 	written 	objections 	to 	the 	proposed 	findings 	and
recommendations.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(b)(2); accord Local Rule 72.2(VII)(C). After conducting
an appropriate review of the report and recommendation, the Court may then “accept, reject, or
modify, in whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made by the magistrate judge . . .
or recommit the matter to the magistrate judge with instructions.” 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1).
“[T]he specific standard of review depends, in the first instance, upon whether or not a
party has objected to portions of the report and recommendation.” 	Anderson v. Evangelical
Lutheran Good Samaritan Soc’y, 308 F. Supp. 3d 1011, 1015 (N.D. Iowa 2018). 	Generally,
“objections must be timely and specific” to trigger de novo review. Thompson v. Nix, 897 F.2d
356, 358-59 (8th Cir. 1990). 	However, the Court may, in its discretion, conduct a de novo
review of any issue in a report and recommendation. Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140, 154 (1985).
The Court applies a liberal construction when determining whether pro se objections are specific.
Hudson v. Gammon, 46 F.3d 785, 786 (8th Cir. 1995).
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III. DISCUSSION
As a pretrial detainee, the Court analyzes Plaintiff’s conditions of confinement claim
under the Fourteenth Amendment’s due process clause. Stearns v. Inmate Servs. Corp., 957 F.3d
902, 906 (8th Cir. 2020) (citing Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 536 (1979). “Due process requires
that a pretrial detainee not be punished.” 	Bell, 441 U.S. at 536. 	“In analyzing whether a
condition of confinement is punitive, courts ‘decide whether the disability is imposed for the
purpose of punishment or whether it is but an incident of some other legitimate governmental
purpose.’” Karsjens v. Lourey, 988 F.3d 1047, 1052 (quoting Bell, 441 U.S. at 538).
The Court notes that “not every disability imposed during pretrial detention amounts to
punishment in the constitutional sense.” Smith v. Copeland, 87 F.3d 265, 268 (8th Cir. 1996).
“There is a de minimis level of imposition with which the Constitution is not concerned.” Id.
Judge Comstock found that Plaintiff’s short bout of diarrhea allegedly caused by the
castor bean found in his food was at the de minimis level of imposition. Further, Judge Comstock
noted that the summary judgment record contains no evidence that would support an inference
that any Defendant intentionally acted to punish Plaintiff by poisoning his food. 	In fact, Judge
Comstock found that the summary judgment record is silent as to any personal involvement by
any Defendant in placing the castor bean in Plaintiff’s food.
In his objections, Plaintiff points out that he put in a sick call because of the diarrhea,
which he states is “medical evidence” that he got sick after [he] ate the beans.” 	ECF No. 67.
The record reflects that Plaintiff was given anti-diarrheal medication on March 15, 2024, that
helped his diarrhea to some extent. Plaintiff bolsters this statement in his objections by declaring
that the medication “work[ed].” ECF No. 67. Plaintiff’s medical records indicate that he refused
anti-diarrheal medication on March 16 and March 17, 2024, which infers that Plaintiff’s
condition had improved.
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Plaintiff 	admits 	in 	his 	objections 	that 	“Defendant 	Hundhausen 	[did 	not] 	serve[]
contaminated food to punish anyone” but further states that “she was not doing her job by
overseeing the inmates cooking.” 	ECF No. 67. 	Plaintiff does not address the fact that the
summary judgment record contains no evidence that would support a finding that any Defendant
was personally involved in placing a castor bean in Plaintiff’s food.
The Court agrees with Judge Comstock that Plaintiff’s short bout of diarrhea allegedly
caused by the castor bean found in his food was at the de minimis level of imposition and that
Plaintiff 	has 	offered 	no 	evidence 	that 	would 	support 	an 	inference 	that 	any 	Defendant
intentionally acted to punish Plaintiff by poisoning his food. 	Accordingly, the Court finds that
there are no genuine issues of material fact in dispute and that Defendants are entitled to
judgment as a matter of law.
IV. CONCLUSION
Upon de novo review of the Report and Recommendation, and for the reasons discussed
above, the Court finds that Plaintiff has offered neither law nor fact which would cause the Court
to deviate from Judge Comstock’s Report and Recommendation. Therefore, the Court overrules
Plaintiff’s objections (ECF No. 67) and ADOPTS the Report and Recommendation (ECF No.
66) in toto. 	The Motions for Summary Judgment (ECF Nos. 46, 49) are GRANTED, and
Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint (ECF No. 6) is DISMISSED WITH PREJUDICE.
IT IS SO ORDERED, this 23rd day of March, 2026.
/s/ Susan O. Hickey
Susan O. Hickey
United States District Judge
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