Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

************************************************
The “officially released” date that appears near the
beginning of an opinion is the date the opinion will be
published in the Connecticut Law Journal or the date it
is released as a slip opinion. The operative date for the
beginning of all time periods for the filing of postopin-
ion motions and petitions for certification is the “offi-
cially released” date appearing in the opinion.
All opinions are subject to modification and technical
correction prior to official publication in the Connecti-
cut Law Journal and subsequently in the Connecticut
Reports or Connecticut Appellate Reports. In the event
of discrepancies between the advance release version of
an opinion and the version appearing in the Connecti-
cut Law Journal and subsequently in the Connecticut
Reports or Connecticut Appellate Reports, the latest
version is to be considered authoritative.
The syllabus and procedural history accompanying
an opinion that appear in the Connecticut Law Jour-
nal and subsequently in the Connecticut Reports or
Connecticut Appellate Reports are copyrighted by the
Secretary of the State, State of Connecticut, and may
not be reproduced or distributed without the express
written permission of the Commission on Official Legal
Publications, Judicial Branch, State of Connecticut.
************************************************
Page 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

2 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

AMMAR A. IDLIBI v. CONNECTICUT STATE
DENTAL COMMISSION
(AC 47198)
Bright, C. J., and Elgo and Cradle, Js.*

Syllabus

The plaintiff, a dentist, appealed from the judgment of the trial court dismiss-
ing his administrative appeal from the decision of the defendant finding that
his failure to comply with sanctions imposed by a prior decision of the
defendant rendered him unfit or incompetent during the period of noncompli-
ance and ordering further disciplinary sanctions with respect to his dental
license. The plaintiff claimed, inter alia, that the defendant lacked jurisdiction
to suspend his dental license because it failed to provide him with sufficient
notice of the facts warranting suspension prior to initiating summary suspen-
sion proceedings. Held:

The plaintiff’s failure to file an administrative appeal to the Superior Court
within forty-five days of the defendant’s summary suspension of his dental
license as required by the statute (§ 4-183 (c)) governing such appeals,
deprived this court of subject matter jurisdiction to consider the merits of
his claim.

The trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying the plaintiff’s motion
for remand to introduce additional evidence before the defendant, as the
additional evidence the plaintiff sought to present on remand was not suffi-
ciently material to satisfy even the threshold requirements pursuant to § 4-
183 (h).

The defendant’s determination, as the governing medical board, that the
plaintiff was unfit or incompetent during a period of noncompliance with
sanctions that had been previously issued was reasonable and supported
by sufficient evidence, and the defendant, in ordering additional sanctions
against the plaintiff based on that determination, was acting under its express
authority pursuant to statute (§ 20-114 (a) (2)).
Argued November 20, 2024—officially released March 11, 2025

Procedural History

Appeal from the decision of the defendant concluding
that the plaintiff failed to meet the applicable standard
of care while treating a patient and ordering disciplinary
sanctions with respect to the plaintiff’s dental license,
* The listing of judges reflects their seniority status on this court as of
the date of oral argument.
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 1

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 3
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

brought to the Superior Court in the judicial district of
New Britain and tried to the court, Hon. Henry S. Cohn,
judge trial referee; judgment dismissing the appeal,
from which the plaintiff appealed to this court.
Affirmed.
Ammar A. Idlibi, self-represented, the appellant
(plaintiff).
Shawn L. Rutchick, assistant attorney general, with
whom, on the brief, was William Tong, attorney gen-
eral, for the appellee (defendant).
Opinion

CRADLE, J. The self-represented plaintiff, Ammar A.
Idlibi, appeals from the judgment of the Superior Court
dismissing his administrative appeal from the decision
of the defendant, the Connecticut State Dental Commis-
sion (commission), finding that the plaintiff’s failure to
comply with sanctions imposed by a prior decision of
the commission rendered him unfit or incompetent dur-
ing that period of noncompliance, and, accordingly,
ordering further disciplinary sanctions with respect to
the plaintiff’s dental license. On appeal, the plaintiff
claims that (1) the commission lacked jurisdiction to
suspend his dental license, (2) the court abused its
discretion in denying his motion for remand to intro-
duce additional evidence, and (3) the commission’s final
decision was arbitrary and capricious in that it was
unsupported by substantial evidence.1 We affirm the
1
The plaintiff also argues in conclusory fashion that the commission’s
decision violated his due process right to fundamental fairness in that the
decision was arbitrary and capricious. However, his claim, essentially,
restates his challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence supporting the
commission’s finding that he was unfit or incompetent, and he fails to
advance any substantive or legal analysis in support of his due process
claim. Moreover, we note that the Uniform Administrative Procedure Act
(UAPA), General Statutes § 4-166 et seq., governed the underlying proceed-
ings, and our Supreme Court repeatedly has held that ‘‘the procedures
required by the UAPA exceed the minimal procedural safeguards mandated
by the due process clause.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Pet v. Dept.
of Health Services, 228 Conn. 651, 661, 638 A.2d 6 (1994). ‘‘Although we are
Page 2 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

4 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

judgment of the Superior Court dismissing the plaintiff’s
administrative appeal.
By way of background, on September 7, 2017, the
Department of Public Health (department) presented
the commission,2 as the relevant governing board, with
a statement of charges against the plaintiff alleging that
treatment he provided to a three year old patient failed
to meet the standard of care pursuant to the guidelines
of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry
(AAPD). On September 5, 2018, the commission issued
a final decision, finding that the department met its
burden of proof with respect to its allegations against
the plaintiff, and, accordingly, it ordered disciplinary
sanctions with respect to the plaintiff’s dental license,
including the payment of a $10,000 civil penalty, place-
ment of a reprimand on his license, and a three year
probationary period from the date of the decision, dur-
ing which his license would be subject to conditions.
Specifically, as conditions to his probationary period,
the plaintiff was required (1) to ‘‘successfully complete
courses, preapproved by the department, in ethics, med-
ical record documentation, and informed consent’’
solicitous of the rights of [self-represented] litigants . . . [s]uch a litigant
is bound by the same rules . . . and procedure as those qualified to practice
law. . . . [W]e are not required to review claims that are inadequately
briefed. . . . We consistently have held that [a]nalysis, rather than mere
abstract assertion, is required in order to avoid abandoning an issue by
failure to brief the issue properly.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.)
Traylor v. State, 128 Conn. App. 182, 185 n.2, 15 A.3d 1173, cert. denied,
301 Conn. 927, 22 A.3d 1276 (2011); see also State v. Buhl, 321 Conn. 688,
726, 138 A.3d 868 (2016) (briefing is also inadequate when it is ‘‘not only
short, but confusing, repetitive, and disorganized’’). Accordingly, because the
plaintiff’s due process claim is inadequately briefed, we decline to review it.
2
The commission’s enabling act, General Statutes § 20-103a, provides in
relevant part: ‘‘(a) The State Dental Commission shall consist of nine mem-
bers . . . six of whom shall be practitioners in dentistry residing in this
state who are in good standing in their profession and three of whom shall
be public members. . . .
‘‘(b) . . . Said commission shall (1) hear and decide matters concerning
suspension or revocation of licensure, (2) adjudicate complaints filed against
practitioners and (3) impose sanctions where appropriate.’’
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 3

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 5
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

within six months of the date of the decision and (2)
to obtain a practice supervisor, preapproved by the
department, to review his patient records and to create
quarterly monitor reports, with the plaintiff responsible
for submitting such reports directly to the department.
On September 10, 2018, the plaintiff appealed to the
Superior Court from the September 5, 2018 decision of
the commission and, on the same date, filed a motion
to stay enforcement of the commission’s decision dur-
ing the pendency of his administrative appeal. On March
18, 2019, the court stayed the payment of the $10,000
civil penalty but denied the plaintiff’s motion to stay
with respect to the remaining sanctions. Thereafter,
on October 13, 2020, the Superior Court dismissed the
plaintiff’s administrative appeal. This court, in Idlibi v.
State Dental Commission, 212 Conn. App. 501, 532, 275
A.3d 1214, cert. denied, 345 Conn. 904, 282 A.3d 980
(2022), affirmed the Superior Court’s judgment dismiss-
ing the plaintiff’s administrative appeal.3
The present appeal arises from a subsequent decision
of the commission issued on September 4, 2019, while
the plaintiff’s administrative appeal was pending. The
following facts, as set forth by the Superior Court, and
procedural history are relevant to this appeal. On Febru-
ary 21, 2019, the department presented the commission
with a motion for summary suspension of the plaintiff’s
license and a statement of charges alleging that the
plaintiff had failed to comply with the terms and condi-
tions of the commission’s September 5, 2018 decision.
Specifically, the department alleged that the plaintiff
had not paid the civil penalty and that he had not
3
We note that the Superior Court twice remanded the administrative
appeal to the commission, which, in turn, issued second and third final
decisions. Idlibi v. State Dental Commission, supra, 212 Conn. App. 511–12.
The commission’s third and final decision, which was the operative decision
on appeal to this court, imposed the same disciplinary sanctions against
the plaintiff as the commission’s original decision. Id., 511–13.
Page 4 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

6 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

obtained a practice supervisor and, thus, failed to sub-
mit to the department a monitoring report from a super-
visor.
On March 20, 2019, the commission, pursuant to Gen-
eral Statutes §§ 4-182 (c) and 19a-17 (c),4 summarily
suspended the plaintiff’s dental license, finding that the
department had ‘‘allege[d] facts which show violations
of [General Statutes] § 20-114 (a)5 . . . and which
imperatively require emergency action in that the public
health, safety or welfare of the citizens of the State of
Connecticut is in clear and immediate danger.’’ (Foot-
note added.) On March 25, 2019, the department moved
to amend its statement of charges, which the commis-
sion subsequently granted without objection, to allege
additionally that the plaintiff failed to comply with the
terms of the September 5, 2018 decision in that he had
not submitted courses to the department for preap-
proval and had not provided documentation of success-
ful completion of any such course within the required
time frame.6
On March 28, 2019, the plaintiff moved to lift the
suspension of his license on the basis that he was no
4
General Statutes § 4-182 (c), regarding matters involving licenses, pro-
vides in relevant part: ‘‘If the agency finds that public health, safety or
welfare imperatively requires emergency action, and incorporates a finding
to that effect in its order, summary suspension of a license may be ordered
pending proceedings for revocation or other action. . . .’’
General Statutes § 19a-17 (c) provides in relevant part: ‘‘[The] commission
. . . may summarily suspend a practitioner’s license or permit in advance
of a final adjudication or during the appeals process if . . . [the] commission
. . . finds that a practitioner or permittee represents a clear and immediate
danger to the public health and safety if he is allowed to continue to practice.’’
5
General Statutes § 20-114 (a) provides in relevant part: ‘‘The Dental
Commission may take any of the actions set forth in section 19a-17 for any
of the following causes . . .
‘‘(2) proof that a practitioner has become unfit or incompetent or has
been guilty of cruelty, incompetence, negligence or indecent conduct toward
patients . . . .’’
6
Under the terms of the September 5, 2018 decision, the plaintiff was
required to successfully complete the courses by March 5, 2019.
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 5

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 7
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

longer in violation of the commission’s September 5,
2018 decision. The department objected to the plaintiff’s
motion, and the commission scheduled the matter for
April 2, 2019, before a hearing panel of the commission.
At the outset of the April 2, 2019 hearing, the department
withdrew its objection to the plaintiff’s motion, stating
that, as of earlier that morning, the plaintiff had become
fully compliant with the terms of the commission’s Sep-
tember 5, 2018 decision.7 The hearing panel subse-
quently voted to vacate the summary suspension order,
and the commission, pending the issuance of its final
decision, reinstated the plaintiff’s license to probation,
pursuant to the same conditions set forth in its Septem-
ber 5, 2018 decision.
Thereafter, on September 4, 2019, the commission
issued its final decision with respect to the department’s
amended statement of charges, finding that the plaintiff
belatedly completed the required courses on March 30,
2019, several weeks after the March 5, 2019 deadline
imposed by the commission’s initial decision. The com-
mission also found that the plaintiff, until March 27,
2019, ‘‘was out of compliance with the [commission’s
decision] of September 5, 2018 . . . [by failing] to
secure a supervisor’’ to review and monitor his patients’
records, and that the plaintiff only became fully compli-
ant with that condition when he submitted the first
monitoring report on April 2, 2019.8 The commission
7
Specifically, the plaintiff had completed the required courses on March
30, 2019, and submitted the first monitoring report from a supervisor on
the morning of the hearing.
8
We note that, although the September 5, 2018 decision of the commission
did not set forth an express deadline for the plaintiff to comply with the
supervisor monitoring condition, Lavita Sookram, the department nurse
assigned to monitor the plaintiff’s compliance with that order, testified at
the April 2, 2019 hearing that the condition went into effect immediately.
She further testified that, because the plaintiff failed to nominate a supervisor
for department approval until March, 2019, he had failed to submit the
required quarterly monitoring reports for the first two quarters of his proba-
tionary period.
Page 6 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

8 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

concluded that, ‘‘[b]y not complying with the terms of
probation, [the plaintiff], for that period when he was
out of compliance, was unfit or incompetent.’’9 In addi-
tion, the commission found the plaintiff’s noncompli-
ance established good cause for disciplinary action,
stating that ‘‘[the plaintiff’s] testimony was not credible
with regard to the reasons he failed to comply with the
order.’’10 The commission, acting pursuant to General
Statutes §§ 19a-17 and 20-114,11 placed a reprimand on
the plaintiff’s license and ordered a three year proba-
tionary period, subject to the same terms and conditions
set forth in the commission’s September 5, 2018 deci-
sion, from April 2, 2019, the date the plaintiff became
compliant with the terms of that decision.
On September 6, 2019, the plaintiff, pursuant to the
Uniform Administrative Procedure Act (UAPA), Gen-
eral Statutes § 4-166 et seq., appealed to the Superior
9
With respect to the plaintiff’s failure to pay the $10,000 civil penalty, the
commission found that the plaintiff was not in violation of the terms of its
initial decision because the trial court had stayed the enforcement of that
civil penalty pending the administrative appeal from that decision.
10
Specifically, the commission stated that the petitioner testified at the
April 2, 2019 hearing that he did not comply with the terms of the September
5, 2018 decision ‘‘because he was appealing it in Superior Court, he had
filed a motion to stay the decision and he thought the motion to stay would
be granted.’’ The commission found the plaintiff’s defense ‘‘meritless and
not credible,’’ because it concluded from the plaintiff’s April 2, 2019 testi-
mony that he ‘‘was aware that the court did not stay the decision of the
[commission].’’
11
General Statutes § 20-114 (a) provides in relevant part: ‘‘The Dental
Commission may take any of the actions set forth in section 19a-17 for any
of the following causes . . .
‘‘(2) proof that a practitioner has become unfit or incompetent . . . .’’
General Statutes § 19a-17 (a) provides in relevant part that the commission
‘‘may take any of the following actions, singly or in combination . . . upon
finding the existence of good cause . . .
‘‘(4) Issue a letter of reprimand to a practitioner or permittee . . .
‘‘(6) Place a practitioner or permittee on probationary status and require
the practitioner or permittee to: (A) Report regularly to such board, commis-
sion or department upon the matters which are the basis of probation . . .
(C) Continue or renew professional education until a satisfactory degree of
skill has been attained in those areas which are the basis for the proba-
tion . . . .’’
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 7

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 9
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

Court from the September 4, 2019 decision of the com-
mission. On December 14, 2020, the court, Hon. Henry
S. Cohn, judge trial referee, stayed the proceedings
pending the resolution of the plaintiff’s initial appeal.
After this court disposed of that appeal; see Idlibi v.
State Dental Commission, supra, 212 Conn. App. 501;
the court, on October 4, 2022, directed the plaintiff
and the commission to confer regarding a potential
resolution of the present case. The parties were unable
to reach a settlement, and the case proceeded to trial.
On March 31, 2023, the plaintiff filed a motion for
remand to present additional evidence before the com-
mission, which the court, on April 17, 2023, summarily
denied.12 Thereafter, on November 28, 2023, the court,
following a hearing, dismissed the plaintiff’s administra-
tive appeal, finding that the commission’s factual find-
ings were supported by substantial evidence and that
the commission had authority pursuant to § 20-114 (a)
to impose additional sanctions against the plaintiff. This
appeal followed. Additional facts and procedural his-
tory will be set forth as necessary.
I
The plaintiff first claims that the commission lacked
jurisdiction to order the summary suspension of his
dental license because it failed to provide him with
sufficient notice of the facts warranting suspension
prior to initiating summary suspension proceedings.
The plaintiff appears to argue in the alternative that the
record did not support the commission’s finding that
the department had alleged facts demonstrating that
12
We note that, on July 26, 2023, the Superior Court, following a hearing
on the merits of the plaintiff’s appeal, remanded the present case to the
commission for clarification on certain issues. On September 14, 2023, the
commission responded to the court’s request for clarification but made no
revisions to its initial decision from which the plaintiff filed his administrative
appeal, and, accordingly, the commission’s final decision of September 4,
2019, is the operative decision on appeal.
Page 8 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

10 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

emergency action was required. Conversely, the com-
mission argues that the plaintiff’s failure to timely
appeal from the summary suspension order deprives
this court of subject matter jurisdiction over the plain-
tiff’s claim. We agree with the commission.

‘‘Subject matter jurisdiction involves the authority of
the court to adjudicate the type of controversy pre-
sented by the action before it. . . . [A] court lacks dis-
cretion to consider the merits of a case over which it is
without jurisdiction . . . .’’ (Internal quotation marks
omitted.) Peters v. Dept. of Social Services, 273 Conn.
434, 441, 870 A.2d 448 (2005). Under the UAPA, ‘‘[t]here
is no absolute right of appeal to the courts from a
decision of an administrative agency. . . . Appeals to
the courts from administrative [agencies] exist only
under statutory authority . . . . Appellate jurisdiction
is derived from the . . . statutory provisions by which
it is created, and can be acquired and exercised only
in the manner prescribed.’’ (Internal quotation marks
omitted.) Markley v. State Elections Enforcement Com-
mission, 339 Conn. 96, 106, 259 A.3d 1064 (2021). ‘‘The
right to appeal from an agency decision to the Superior
Court is governed by [General Statutes] § 4-183,13 and
the failure to file an appeal within the forty-five day
period set forth in § 4-183 (c) deprives the court of
subject matter jurisdiction to entertain an appeal.’’
(Footnote added.) Id., 106–107; see also Lewis v. Free-
dom of Information Commission, 202 Conn. App. 607,
615–16, 246 A.3d 507 (2021) (plaintiff’s failure to file
administrative appeal within forty-five days of agency
13
General Statutes § 4-183 provides in relevant part: ‘‘(a) A person who
has exhausted all administrative remedies available within the agency and
who is aggrieved by a final decision may appeal to the Superior Court as
provided in this section. . . .
‘‘(c) (1) Within forty-five days after . . . the final decision . . . a person
appealing as provided in this section shall serve a copy of the appeal on
the agency that rendered the final decision . . . .’’
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 9

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 11
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

decision deprived trial court of subject matter jurisdic-
tion over appeal); Pine v. Dept. of Public Health, 100
Conn. App. 175, 183, 917 A.2d 590 (2007) (same).
On March 20, 2019, the commission issued a final
decision ordering the summary suspension of the plain-
tiff’s dental license. It is undisputed that the plaintiff
never appealed from that decision.14 Accordingly, his
failure to file an administrative appeal within forty-five
days of the commission’s decision, as required by § 4-
183 (c), deprives this court of subject matter jurisdiction
to consider the merits of his claim.
II
The plaintiff next claims that the court abused its
discretion in denying his motion for remand, pursuant
to § 4-183 (h),15 to present, as additional evidence before
14
We note that, although the plaintiff concedes that he did not appeal
from the summary suspension order, he erroneously relies on Markley v.
State Elections Enforcement Commission, supra, 339 Conn. 111, for the
premise that our Supreme Court, as a matter of policy, favors a finding
of subject matter jurisdiction even when a plaintiff fails to timely file an
administrative appeal pursuant to § 4-183 (c). Although the court in Markley
concluded that the plaintiffs’ failure to timely file an appeal from the agency’s
final decision within forty-five days did not deprive the court of subject
matter jurisdiction over the appeal; id., 98–101; it did so in light of what the
court described as an ‘‘extremely unusual factual scenario’’; id., 109; and
circumstances that were ‘‘not just unusual,’’ but ‘‘likely unique . . . .’’ Id.,
110. Specifically, the court appears to have attributed the plaintiffs’ failure
to timely file an appeal in Markley to the agency’s own error in taking up
the plaintiffs’ petition for reconsideration at a special meeting, after the
petition had been constructively denied due to the agency’s inaction, under
the mistaken belief that it remained pending. Id., 108–10. Our Supreme
Court’s decision in Markley is thus inapposite to the present case, in which
the plaintiff himself is solely responsible for his failure to timely file an
appeal from the commission’s summary suspension order. We reiterate that
our Supreme Court expressly held in Markley that the failure to timely
file an appeal pursuant to § 4-183 (c) deprives the court of subject matter
jurisdiction over the appeal; id., 106–107; and emphasized that Markley,
‘‘because of its truly sui generis factual circumstances, lacks any real prece-
dential value.’’ Id., 110 n.12.
15
General Statutes § 4-183 (h) provides in relevant part: ‘‘If, before the
date set for hearing on the merits of an appeal, application is made to
the court for leave to present additional evidence, and it is shown to the
Page 10 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

12 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

the commission, the Superior Court’s remand orders
and the commission’s third final decision. We disagree.
The following facts, as set forth by this court in the
plaintiff’s appeal from the Superior Court’s dismissal,
and procedural history are relevant to the plaintiff’s
claim. ‘‘On September 5, 2018, the commission issued
a final decision finding that the plaintiff had failed to
meet the standard of care [on five distinct grounds].’’16
Idlibi v. State Dental Commission, supra, 212 Conn.
App. 510. ‘‘On September 10, 2018, the plaintiff appealed
to the Superior Court. . . . [O]n January 7, 2020, the
court issued an order remanding the final decision for
clarification of finding number twenty-six, concerning
whether the plaintiff’s [placement of stainless steel
crowns] violated the AAPD standards. . . . On June
16, 2020, the commission issued a second final decision,
this time determining that it was not a violation of the
standard of care to place eight stainless steel crowns
in the patient’s mouth, but that the disciplinary orders
contained in the initial decision were still appropriate
on the basis of the other findings concerning the allega-
tions against the plaintiff.
‘‘On August 10, 2020, the court issued a second
remand order related to the same charge. Specifically,
the court ordered the commission to reconcile an incon-
sistency between the finding of fact that the plaintiff
satisfaction of the court that the additional evidence is material and that
there were good reasons for failure to present it in the proceeding before
the agency, the court may order that the additional evidence be taken before
the agency upon conditions determined by the court. . . .’’
16
‘‘Specifically, the commission found that the plaintiff (1) failed to obtain
adequate informed consent from the patient’s mother to place crowns on
eight of the patient’s teeth, (2) placed one or more crowns without adequate
justification, (3) failed to chart findings of cervical decalcification ade-
quately, (4) failed to attempt treatment of the cervical decalcification by
other means, and (5) failed to chart caries or other dental disease adequately
for one or more of the teeth that was crowned.’’ Idlibi v. State Dental
Commission, supra, 212 Conn. App. 510.
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 11

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 13
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

‘did not practice below the standard of care with respect
to the placement of the stainless steel crowns’ with a
statement in its decision that ‘the [department] sus-
tained its burden of proof’ with respect to this charge.
. . . On September 16, 2020, the commission issued a
third and final decision, which . . . stated that, ‘[w]ith
regard to the allegations . . . of the charges that [the
plaintiff] placed one or more crowns without adequate
justification . . . the department did not sustain its
burden of proof.’ ’’ (Footnote omitted.) Id., 511–12.
Because the foregoing remand orders and the com-
mission’s third and final decision were issued subse-
quent to the commission’s final decision in the present
case, the plaintiff moved to remand his administrative
appeal in the present case to the commission in order
to present the remand orders and the third final decision
as additional evidence.17 The plaintiff argued in his
motion that the additional evidence was material in that
it demonstrated that the commission had ‘‘reversed its
most significant findings with regards to the appropri-
ateness of [the] plaintiff’s professional treatment,’’ and,
therefore, that ‘‘the extended probation for the purpose
of monitoring [the] plaintiff’s professional practice with
skill and safety,’’ as ordered by the commission in the
present case, ‘‘would no longer be supported by evi-
dence . . . .’’ On April 17, 2023, the Superior Court
summarily denied the plaintiff’s request.18
The following legal principles are relevant to the
plaintiff’s claim. ‘‘[Section] 4-183 (h) permits a party in
17
Specifically, the plaintiff asserted in his motion: ‘‘Because the final
revision of the [commission’s] original order . . . was completed in June,
2020, there were good reasons for [the plaintiff’s] failure to present the
revised decision at the [April 2, 2019 administrative] hearing [in the pres-
ent case].’’
18
We note that the court also denied the plaintiff’s request to order supple-
mental briefing ‘‘due to significant changes during the stay [of the present
case],’’ including the fact that the commission ‘‘had since revised its [Septem-
ber 5, 2018] decision twice and had reversed the most significant aspect of
the disciplinary action, which is the treatment rendered by the plaintiff.’’
Page 12 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

14 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

an administrative appeal to apply for leave to present
additional evidence, as long as it is demonstrated that
the additional evidence is material and that there are
good reasons for the failure to present it in the proceed-
ing before the agency.’’ Wakefield v. Commissioner of
Motor Vehicles, 90 Conn. App. 441, 443, 877 A.2d 1, cert.
denied, 275 Conn. 931, 883 A.2d 1253 (2005). If a party
satisfies both prongs, ‘‘the court may order that the
additional evidence be taken before the agency upon
conditions determined by the court.’’ General Statutes
§ 4-183 (h). ‘‘The term ‘may’ acts as a grant of permissive
authority, rather than as a directive, suggesting that a
trial court has discretion regarding whether to grant or
deny a motion brought pursuant to the statute.’’ Salmon
v. Dept. of Public Health & Addiction Services, 259
Conn. 288, 315, 788 A.2d 1199 (2002). Accordingly, we
review the court’s denial of the plaintiff’s motion for
an abuse of its discretion. Id. ‘‘In determining whether
there has been an abuse of discretion, every reasonable
presumption should be given in favor of the correctness
of the court’s ruling. . . . Reversal is required only
where an abuse of discretion is manifest or where injus-
tice appears to have been done. . . . [O]ur appellate
decisions emphasize that an abuse of discretion leading
to reversal is rare.’’ (Citation omitted; internal quotation
marks omitted.) Wakefield v. Commissioner of Motor
Vehicles, supra, 443–44.
In support of his claim, the plaintiff argues that he
‘‘pleaded and submitted to the [Superior Court] that
both prongs [of § 4-183 (h) were] met.’’ However, even
if we were to agree with the plaintiff that his motion
satisfied both prongs, it would not follow that the court
abused its discretion in denying the motion. Although
the plaintiff was required by § 4-183 (h) to demonstrate
that the additional evidence is material and that there
were good reasons for failing to present the evidence
in the proceeding before the commission, these are
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 13

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 15
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

merely threshold evidentiary showings required by the
statute. We reiterate that, once the moving party satis-
fies these requirements, the court, in its discretion,
nonetheless may deny the motion.
We note that the plaintiff appears merely to reiterate
on appeal the arguments he made in support of his
motion before the Superior Court. Specifically, he
asserts that the commission, by reversing its finding
that the plaintiff’s placement of steel crowns violated
the standard of care, found that ‘‘the plaintiff’s treat-
ment [of] the [patient] was proper and did not fall below
the standard of care.’’ We construe the plaintiff’s argu-
ments as claiming that, had the court granted his
motion, the commission in the present case would have
been precluded from extending the plaintiff’s probation-
ary period, namely, because the additional evidence
would have shown that there was no longer a basis to
support the sanction in the first place. Any such claim,
however, is belied by the record. The commission did
not, as the plaintiff claims, find that his treatment of
the patient ‘‘did not fall below the standard of care.’’
Rather, by reversing its finding concerning the place-
ment of steel crowns, the commission merely found
that the plaintiff’s treatment had violated the standard
of care in four, rather than five, distinct ways.19 More-
over, after the commission reversed that finding, it
nonetheless determined that the probationary period
and conditions ‘‘contained in the initial decision were
still appropriate on the basis of the other findings con-
cerning the allegations against the plaintiff’’ related to
his violations of the standard of care. Idlibi v. State
Dental Commission, supra, 212 Conn. App. 512. On
the basis of the foregoing, it does not appear that the
additional evidence the plaintiff sought to present on
remand was sufficiently material to satisfy even the
19
See footnote 16 of this opinion.
Page 14 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

16 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

threshold requirements pursuant to § 4-183 (h). Accord-
ingly, we conclude that the court did not abuse its
discretion in denying the plaintiff’s motion for remand.
III
The plaintiff next claims that the commission’s deci-
sion was arbitrary and capricious in that it was unsup-
ported by substantial evidence. Specifically, the plaintiff
does not challenge the commission’s factual findings
regarding his belated compliance with the terms of its
initial decision, but, instead, argues that there was ‘‘no
rational connection whatsoever between’’ those factual
findings and his fitness or competency to practice den-
tistry. Accordingly, he claims that the commission’s
finding that he was unfit or incompetent, on the sole
basis of his delayed compliance, was arbitrary and
capricious in that it was unsupported by substantial
evidence. We disagree.
Our standard of review of the plaintiff’s claim is well
established. ‘‘Judicial review of an administrative deci-
sion in an appeal under the UAPA is limited. . . .
[R]eview of an administrative agency decision requires
a court to determine whether there is substantial evi-
dence in the administrative record to support the
agency’s findings of basic fact and whether the conclu-
sions drawn from those facts are reasonable. . . . Nei-
ther [the appellate] court nor the trial court may retry
the case or substitute its own judgment for that of the
administrative agency on the weight of the evidence or
questions of fact. . . . Our ultimate duty is to deter-
mine, in view of all the evidence, whether the agency,
in issuing its order, acted unreasonably, arbitrarily, ille-
gally or in abuse of its discretion.’’ (Citation omitted;
internal quotation marks omitted.) Idlibi v. State Dental
Commission, supra, 212 Conn. App. 517. ‘‘It is funda-
mental that a plaintiff has the burden of proving that
the [agency], on the facts before [it], acted contrary to
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 15

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 17
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

law and in abuse of [its] discretion . . . . [A]n agency’s
factual and discretionary determinations are to be
accorded considerable weight by the courts . . . .’’20
(Internal quotation marks omitted.) Id., 517–18.
‘‘The substantial evidence rule governs judicial
review of administrative fact-finding under the UAPA.
. . . An administrative finding is supported by substan-
tial evidence if the record affords a substantial basis
of fact from which the fact in issue can be reasonably
inferred. . . . The substantial evidence rule imposes
an important limitation on the power of the courts to
overturn a decision of an administrative agency . . . .’’
(Internal quotation marks omitted.) Id., 518. Addition-
ally, ‘‘[i]t is well established that it is the exclusive
province of the trier of fact to make determinations of
credibility, crediting some, all, or none of a given wit-
ness’ testimony. . . . We must defer to the trier of
fact’s assessment of the credibility of the witnesses that
20
The plaintiff further argues that this appeal presents a pure question of
law in that ‘‘the commission . . . failed to articulate and apply the correct
legal standard that governs disciplinary actions pursuant to § 20-114 (a) (2).’’
‘‘[A]lthough we have noted that [a]n agency’s factual and discretionary
determinations are to be accorded considerable weight by the courts . . .
we have maintained that [c]ases that present pure questions of law . . .
invoke a broader standard of review . . . .’’ (Internal quotation marks omit-
ted.) Idlibi v. State Dental Commission, supra, 212 Conn. App. 518. More
specifically, ‘‘[t]he traditional deference accorded to an agency’s interpreta-
tion of a statutory term is unwarranted when the construction of a statute
. . . has not previously been subjected to judicial scrutiny [or to] a govern-
mental agency’s time-tested interpretation . . . . Even if time-tested . . .
an agency’s interpretation of a statute [is subject to deference] only if it is
reasonable . . . [as] determined by [application of] our established rules
of statutory construction.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Drumm v.
Freedom of Information Commission, 348 Conn. 565, 580, 308 A.3d 993
(2024).
The plaintiff concedes that ‘‘[statutory] construction’’ and ‘‘[statutory]
interpretation’’ are not issues in this appeal and that ‘‘the commission clearly
applied [§ 20-114 (a) (2)] to the actual circumstances of the case.’’ Addition-
ally, as we conclude herein, the commission acted reasonably and within its
statutory authority in applying the statute in the present case. We therefore
disagree with the plaintiff that this appeal presents a pure question of law.
Page 16 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

18 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

is made on the basis of its firsthand observation of their
conduct, demeanor and attitude.’’ (Internal quotation
marks omitted.) Id., 518–19. ‘‘Ultimately, [t]he question
is not whether the trial court would have reached the
same conclusion but whether the record before the
[agency] supports the action taken.’’ (Internal quotation
marks omitted.) Miko v. Commission on Human
Rights & Opportunities, 220 Conn. 192, 201, 596 A.2d
396 (1991).
In the present case, the commission found that the
plaintiff belatedly complied with the coursework
requirement on March 30, 2019, and the supervisor mon-
itoring requirement on April 2, 2019. The plaintiff does
not challenge these factual findings on appeal. Rather,
the plaintiff claims that these uncontested factual find-
ings were insufficient to support the commission’s find-
ing that he was unfit or incompetent. Specifically, he
argues that the required coursework did not ‘‘pertain to
‘competence’ ’’ and a supervisor retroactively reviewed
his patients’ files dating back to the initial decision and
found no instances of incompetence, and, therefore,
his delayed compliance with those conditions had no
relevance to whether he was unfit or incompetent.
The plaintiff’s arguments are unpersuasive. It is well
established that the commission, as the governing medi-
cal board, has the authority to determine what renders
a practitioner ‘‘unfit’’ or ‘‘incompetent.’’21 ‘‘Our case law
makes clear that a governing medical board is granted
broad discretion, pursuant to its statutory authority,
21
We further note that, even if the plaintiff’s own interpretation of the
statutory terms was relevant, his argument lacks merit. Specifically, he
asserts that the word ‘‘incompetent,’’ as used in § 20-114 (a) (2), means
‘‘unskillfulness,’’ which he argues ‘‘only pertains to clinical performance
where clinical skill is needed.’’ (Emphasis omitted.) The plaintiff, however,
fails to cite any authority in support of that definition, fails to address
whether his noncompliance rendered him ‘‘unfit,’’ and, moreover, cites no
authority for the premise that we should interpret an express term of the
statute to have a meaning that does not appear anywhere in the statute.
0, 0 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL Page 17

0 Conn. App. 1 ,0 19
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

in determining the appropriate standard of care in an
administrative, licensing procedure.’’ Idlibi v. State
Dental Commission, supra, 212 Conn. App. 519. ‘‘Terms
associated with the trade or business with which a given
statute is concerned should be accorded the meaning
which they would convey to an informed person in that
trade or business. . . . We presume that members of
a professional health licensing board are competent
to decide on the basis of such terms whether certain
conduct is in derogation of professional standards.’’
(Citation omitted.) Altholtz v. Dental Commission, 4
Conn. App. 307, 314, 493 A.2d 917 (1985). Accordingly,
‘‘what constitutes unprofessional conduct and what ren-
ders a professional unfit or incompetent are to be deter-
mined by those standards which are commonly
accepted by those practicing the same profession in
the same territory.’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.)
Id., 314–15; see also Idlibi v. State Dental Commission,
supra, 527 (‘‘it [is] well within the commission’s author-
ity to determine the meaning of the terms in § 20-114
(a) (2) relevant to the practice of dentistry’’).
The commission, with respect to its September 4,
2019 decision, ‘‘relied on the training and experience
of its members in making its findings of fact and conclu-
sions of law,’’ and its decision was ‘‘based entirely on
the record and the specialized professional knowledge
of the commission in evaluating the evidence.’’ The
commission stated in its decision that ‘‘[t]he probation-
ary period [and conditions] imposed by the commission
in the prior matter [were] required in order to ensure
that [the plaintiff] was fit and/or competent to practice
dentistry with reasonable skill and safety.’’ Pursuant to
our governing law, the commission was well within its
statutory authority to rely on its expertise in evaluating
the evidence, including the uncontested evidence that
the plaintiff failed to comply fully with those conditions
until April 2, 2019, and reaching its conclusion that the
Page 18 CONNECTICUT LAW JOURNAL 0, 0

20 ,0 0 Conn. App. 1
Idlibi v. Connecticut State Dental Commission

plaintiff was unfit or incompetent during the period
of noncompliance. Accordingly, we conclude that the
commission’s determination that the plaintiff was unfit
or incompetent was reasonable and supported by suffi-
cient evidence. We further conclude that the commis-
sion, in ordering additional sanctions against the plain-
tiff based on that determination, was acting under its
express authority pursuant to § 20-114 (a) (2).22
The judgment is affirmed.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.

22
Notwithstanding this express grant of authority to order sanctions, the
plaintiff argues that the commission lacked statutory authority to order
additional sanctions in this case because he was in full compliance at the
time of the April 2, 2019 hearing and any prior delay was ‘‘excusable’’ because
he was waiting for the court to act on his motion to stay, particularly in
light of the solicitous treatment our courts afford to self-represented parties.
We note that § 20-114 (a) contains no such exception, and, even if it did,
the plaintiff’s claim that his delayed compliance was ‘‘excusable’’ lacks merit.
The UAPA expressly provides that ‘‘[t]he filing of an appeal shall not, of
itself, stay enforcement of an agency decision.’’ General Statutes § 4-183 (f).
Moreover, we reiterate that ‘‘[w]e must defer to the trier of fact’s assessment
of the credibility of the witnesses that is made on the basis of its firsthand
observation[s] . . . .’’ (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Idlibi v. State
Dental Commission, supra, 212 Conn. App. 518–19. The plaintiff raised the
same argument before the commission, which found his alleged defense to
be ‘‘meritless and not credible,’’ and before the Superior Court, which also
rejected the defense. Specifically, the commission found that, ‘‘[f]or a period
of multiple months in late 2018, Lavita Sookram . . . communicated with
the [plaintiff] in an attempt to obtain his compliance . . . .’’ In addition,
we conclude that there is substantial evidence in the administrative record
to support the commission’s finding that the plaintiff’s defense was meritless.
This evidence includes Sookram’s and the plaintiff’s testimony during the
April 2, 2019 hearing, and email correspondence between them, which the
commission admitted as full exhibits, which indicated that Sookram began
notifying the plaintiff in late 2018 that he was not in compliance with the
commission’s decision and that his pending motion to stay did not excuse
his noncompliance.