Inmer Anibal Ramos-Paiz; v. MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney General

NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
INMER ANIBAL RAMOS-PAIZ; et al.,
Petitioners,
v.
MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney
General,
Respondent.
No. 22-1153
Agency Nos.
A208-176-331
A208-176-333
MEMORANDUM*
On Petition for Review of an Order of the
Board of Immigration Appeals
Submitted July 18, 2023**
Before: SCHROEDER, RAWLINSON, and BADE, Circuit Judges.
Inmer Anibal Ramos-Paiz1 and his son, natives and citizens of
Guatemala, petition pro se for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’
(“BIA”) order dismissing their appeal from an immigration judge’s (“IJ’s”)
decision denying their application for asylum, and denying Ramos-Paiz’s
* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not
precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
1 The clerk will amend the docket to change petitioner’s name to
Inmer Anibal Ramos-Paiz, in accordance with the agency decision, filed at
Docket Entry No. 9.
FILED
AUG 9 2023
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

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application for withholding of removal. We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C.
§ 1252. We review for substantial evidence the agency’s factual findings.
Conde Quevedo v. Barr, 947 F.3d 1238, 1241 (9th Cir. 2020). We deny the
petition for review.
Substantial evidence supports the agency’s determination that petitioners
failed to establish they were or would be persecuted on account of a protected
ground. See Zetino v. Holder, 622 F.3d 1007, 1016 (9th Cir. 2010) (an
applicant’s “desire to be free from harassment by criminals motivated by theft
or random violence by gang members bears no nexus to a protected ground”).
Thus, petitioners’ asylum claim fails. Because Ramos-Paiz failed to establish
any nexus at all, he also failed to satisfy the standard for withholding of
removal. See Barajas-Romero v. Lynch, 846 F.3d 351, 359-60 (9th Cir. 2017).
We do not address petitioners’ contentions as to harm rising to the level
of persecution because the BIA did not deny relief on these grounds. See
Santiago-Rodriguez v. Holder, 657 F.3d 820, 829 (9th Cir. 2011) (“In reviewing
the decision of the BIA, we consider only the grounds relied upon by that
agency.” (citation and internal quotation marks omitted)).
Ramos-Paiz did not argue before the BIA that the IJ violated due process,
and as such, he did not exhaust the contention and we decline to address
it. See 8 U.S.C. § 1252(d)(1) (exhaustion of administrative remedies
required); see also Santos-Zacaria v. Garland, 143 S. Ct. 1103, 1113-14 (2023)
(section 1252(d)(1) is a non-jurisdictional claim-processing rule). Petitioners’

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claim that the BIA violated due process by failing to provide a reasoned opinion
is unsupported by the record.
Petitioners’ request for remand to seek prosecutorial discretion is
denied. See Morales de Soto v. Lynch, 824 F.3d 822, 826-27 (9th Cir. 2016)
(government’s exercise of prosecutorial discretion not subject to judicial review,
and remand not warranted based on changes in policy).
The temporary stay of removal remains in place until the mandate issues.
PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.

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