J.g., by and through his Parents, Howard and Denise Greenberg; v. STATE OF HAWAII, Department of Education;

NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
J.G., by and through his Parents, Howard
and Denise Greenberg; et al.,
Plaintiffs-Appellants,
v.
STATE OF HAWAII, Department of
Education; et al.,
Defendants-Appellees.
No. 17-17190
D.C. No.
1:17-cv-00503-DKW-KSC
MEMORANDUM*
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District of Hawaii
Derrick Kahala Watson, District Judge, Presiding
Submitted June 15, 2018**
Honolulu, Hawaii
Before: TASHIMA, W. FLETCHER, and HURWITZ, Circuit Judges.
J.G. receives services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
(“IDEA”), 20 U.S.C. §§ 1400–82. In March 2017, the Hawaii Department of
Education revised J.G.’s Individualized Education Program (“IEP”) to provide for
* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
FILED
JUN 27 2018
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

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placement in a public facility. J.G.’s parents, Denise and Howard Greenberg (“the
Greenbergs”), requested a due process hearing pursuant to 20 U.S.C.
§ 1415(f)(1)(A). An Administrative Hearing Officer (“AHO”) placed the burden of
proof on the Greenbergs to show any insufficiency in the revised IEP, and denied
their request for a site visit to the private facility J.G. was then attending. The
Greenbergs then filed this action, seeking interlocutory review of the AHO’s rulings;
they also sought to enjoin the state administrative proceedings until judicial review
was completed. The district court denied the latter motion, and the Greenbergs
appealed.
1. Although the Greenbergs denominated their motion as seeking a temporary
restraining order and injunction, we have appellate jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C.
§ 1292(a)(1). “[A] denial of a TRO may be appealed if the circumstances render the
denial ‘tantamount to the denial of a preliminary injunction,’” Religious Tech. Ctr.,
Church of Scientology Int’l, Inc. v. Scott, 869 F.2d 1306, 1308 (9th Cir. 1989)
(quoting Envt’l Def. Fund, Inc. v. Andrus, 625 F.2d 861, 862 (9th Cir. 1980)), or if
the denial “effectively decided the merits of the case,” Graham v. Teledyne-Cont’l
Motors, 805 F.2d 1386, 1388 (9th Cir. 1987). In denying the Greenbergs’ motion,
the district court held that they could not seek interlocutory review of the AHO’s
rulings. The court therefore made plain the “futility of any further hearing” on the
issue. See Religious Tech. Ctr., 869 F.2d at 1308–09 (holding denial of TRO

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reviewable because “the district judge was emphatic in her view that [precedent]
foreclosed any interlocutory relief”).
2. The district court did not err in concluding that the Greenbergs could not
seek interlocutory review of the AHO’s rulings. The IDEA provides that “any party
aggrieved by the findings and decision” in a due process hearing “shall have the right
to bring a civil action . . . in a district court of the United States, without regard to
the amount in controversy.” 20 U.S.C. § 1415(i)(2)(A). This provision, however,
“does not allow immediate judicial review of pre-hearing rulings and decisions made
by an ALJ in an IDEA case.” M.M. v. Lafayette Sch. Dist., 681 F.3d 1082, 1090 (9th
Cir. 2012). “Rather, a party may bring suit if he is aggrieved by the findings and
decision made by the ALJ following the conclusion of the due process hearing.” Id.
3. The district court should also have dismissed the Greenbergs’ original
complaint without prejudice. However, the state administrative proceedings have
now concluded, and the Greenbergs have amended their complaint, seeking review
of the AHO’s final decision. And, there are no longer any state proceedings to
enjoin. We therefore remand for further proceedings on the amended complaint.
REMANDED, each party to bear its own costs.

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