Derrick D. Coleman v. Cindi S. Curtin

NOT RECOMMENDED FOR FULL-TEXT PUBLICATION
File Name: 11a0383n.06
No. 09-1856
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT
DERRICK D. COLEMAN,
Petitioner-Appellant,
v.
CINDI S. CURTIN,
Respondent-Appellee.
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ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED
STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR
THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF
MICHIGAN
Before: KEITH, MARTIN, and COOK, Circuit Judges.
BOYCE F. MARTIN, JR., Circuit Judge. Derrick D. Coleman, a Michigan prisoner
proceeding pro se, appeals the district court’s order denying his petition for a writ of habeas corpus,
filed under 28 U.S.C. § 2254. This case has been referred to a panel of the court pursuant to Rule
34(j)(1), Rules of the Sixth Circuit. Upon examination, this panel unanimously agrees that oral
argument is not needed. Fed. R. App. P. 34(a).
Coleman pled guilty to armed robbery and possessing a firearm during the commission of
a felony. The trial court sentenced him to consecutive prison terms of 262 to 600 months and two
years, respectively. The Michigan Court of Appeals and Michigan Supreme Court denied Coleman’s
appeals and his requests for post-conviction relief.
Coleman filed a § 2254 petition, and ultimately an amended petition, asserting three claims:
(1) the Michigan trial court violated his due process rights by not enforcing the plea agreement or
permitting Coleman to withdraw his plea; (2) the trial court violated his due process rights by scoring
the Michigan sentencing guidelines using facts not admitted by Coleman or found by a jury beyond

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a reasonable doubt; and (3) the trial court violated his due process rights by improperly scoring
certain offense variables and using inaccurate information to calculate his sentence. Lastly, he
argues his trial and appellate counsel provided ineffective assistance by not objecting. The United
States Magistrate Judge recommended the denial of all issues on the merits. Over Coleman’s
objections, the district court adopted the magistrate judge’s recommendation, denied the petition,
and declined to issue a certificate of appealability. This court granted Coleman a certificate of
appealability for all three of his claims.
Coleman then moved this court to hold his appeal in abeyance and remand the case to the
Michigan Court of Appeals for an evidentiary hearing concerning the impact on his case of the
Michigan Supreme Court’s decision in People v. McGraw, 771 N.W.2d 655 (Mich. 2009). On
appeal, Coleman argues that the district court erred in denying his § 2254 petition.
We review de novo a district court’s denial of a § 2254 petition. Middlebrooks v. Bell, 619
F.3d 526, 534 (6th Cir. 2010). “When a state court does not address the merits of a claim, federal
review is de novo.” Id.; see Dorn v. Lafler, 601 F.3d 439, 443 (6th Cir. 2010).
Coleman first argues that the trial court violated his due process rights by not enforcing the
plea agreement he made with the Michigan prosecutor or allowing him to withdraw his plea. “The
longstanding test for determining the validity of a guilty plea is whether the plea represents a
voluntary and intelligent choice among the alternative courses of action open to the defendant.”
Railey v. Webb, 540 F.3d 393, 417 (6th Cir. 2008) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).
“The plea must be made with knowledge of the relevant circumstances and likely consequences.”
King v. Dutton, 17 F.3d 151, 153 (6th Cir. 1994) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).
At his plea hearing, the trial court advised Coleman of the charges against him and the
consequences of his plea. Further, after the prosecutor stated that offense would be scored as zero
and the prosecution would dismiss the third-felony habitual offender charge in exchange for
Coleman pleading guilty to being a second-felony habitual offender, Coleman acknowledged that
no other promises had been made and that he had not been told how the court would sentence him
except that the Michigan guidelines would be utilized. Coleman has thus failed to show that his plea

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was involuntary or unknowing or that the trial court did not properly enforce the plea agreement.
Coleman’s claim that the trial court improperly prevented him from withdrawing his guilty plea lacks
merit because Coleman specifically declined to withdraw his plea when given the opportunity to do
so at the sentencing hearing.
Coleman next argues that the trial court violated his rights under Blakely v. Washington, 542
U.S. 296 (2004), when it scored certain offense variables using facts not admitted by Coleman or
found by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt. There is no basis for this allegation because Coleman
did not receive a sentence beyond the statutory maximum for his crimes. See Mich. Comp. Laws
§§ 750.227b(1), 750.529; Montes v. Trombley, 599 F.3d 490, 496-97 (6th Cir. 2010).
Coleman also argues that the trial court violated his due process rights by assessing points
for offenses based on inaccurate information. Coleman also argues that his trial and appellate
counsel performed ineffectively by not arguing that the variables were incorrectly calculated.
Federal habeas review “is limited to deciding whether a conviction violated the Constitution,
laws, or treaties of the United States.” Bey v. Bagley, 500 F.3d 514, 519 (6th Cir. 2007) (internal
quotation marks omitted). As a result, an error in the application of state law will be reviewed “only
if it were so fundamentally unfair as to violate the petitioner’s due process rights.” Coleman v.
Mitchell, 244 F.3d 533, 542 (6th Cir. 2001). To the extent that Coleman asserts his sentence was
improperly calculated under state law, his claim is not cognizable in federal habeas proceedings.
Further, he has not shown that the scoring of the offense variables was so unfair as to violate his due
process rights, and he has not made a factual showing that the trial court relied on inaccurate
information during sentencing.
“Ineffective assistance under Strickland [v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984),] is deficient
performance by counsel resulting in prejudice, with performance being measured against an
objective standard of reasonableness under prevailing professional norms.” Rompilla v. Beard, 545
U.S. 374, 380 (2005) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted). Coleman has not established
that he was prejudiced by counsel’s failure to argue that offense variables 12 and 19 were improperly
scored because there was a sufficient factual basis for the scoring of each variable. Coleman’s claim

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that McGraw prohibited the trial court from considering his post-offense conduct when scoring
offense variable 19 lacks merit because “scoring OV 19 necessarily is not limited to consideration
of the sentencing offense.” People v. Smith, 793 N.W.2d 666, 667 (Mich. 2010). Coleman’s claim
that, when scoring offense variable 12, the trial court was prohibited from considering uncharged
contemporaneous felonious criminal acts also lacks merit. See People v. Light, __N.W.2d __, 2010
WL 4751768 (Mich. Ct. App. Nov. 23, 2010).
We deny Coleman’s motion to remand and affirm the district court’s judgment. Rule
34(j)(2)(C), Rules of the Sixth Circuit.

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