02a0159p.06

7KH +RQRUDEOH 1DQF\ * (GPXQGV 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 'LVWULFW -XGJH IRU
WKH (DVWHUQ 'LVWULFW RI 0LFKLJDQ VLWWLQJ E\ GHVLJQDWLRQ

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21
3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH
(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21 )(' $SS 3 WK &LU
)LOH 1DPH DS
81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6
)257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
7(55(// ',$021'
3ODLQWLII$SSHOODQW
Y
67(9(1 +2:'
'HIHQGDQW$SSHOOHH
;!

1
1R
$SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW
IRUWKH0LGGOH'LVWULFWRI7HQQHVVHHDW1DVKYLOOH
1R²7KRPDV$+LJJLQV'LVWULFW-XGJH
$UJXHG)HEUXDU\
'HFLGHGDQG)LOHG0D\
%HIRUH0$57,1&KLHI&LUFXLW-XGJH*,/0$1&LUFXLW
-XGJH('081'6'LVWULFW-XGJH
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
&2816(/
$5*8('3KLOOLS/'DYLGVRQ1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHIRU
$SSHOODQW 5LWD 0 5REHUWV7XUQHU 0(75232/,7$1
/(*$/ '(3$570(17 1DVKYLOOH 7HQQHVVHH IRU

-- 1 of 6 --

'LDPRQGY+RZG 1R
$SSHOOHH 21 %5,() 3KLOOLS / 'DYLGVRQ 1DVKYLOOH
7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOODQW 'HQQLV : 6WDQIRUG
0(75232/,7$1 /(*$/ '(3$570(17 1DVKYLOOH
7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOOHH
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
23,1,21
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%2<&()0$57,1-5&KLHI&LUFXLW-XGJH3ODLQWLII
7HUUHOO'LDPRQGDSSHDOV WKHGLVWULFWFRXUW¶VDGPLVVLRQ
LQWRHYLGHQFHRIDQDXGLRWDSHRIKHUWHOHSKRQHFRQYHUVDWLRQ
ZLWKDSROLFHGLVSDWFKHUDQG WKHGLVWULFWFRXUW¶VGLUHFWHG
YHUGLFW LQ IDYRU RI GHIHQGDQW 2IILFHU 6WHYHQ +RZG RQ
'LDPRQG¶VIDOVHDUUHVWFODLPXQGHU86&†:H
$)),50WKHGLVWULFWFRXUW¶VGHFLVLRQWRDGPLWWKHDXGLRWDSH
LQWR HYLGHQFH 5(9(56( LWV MXGJPHQW JUDQWLQJ +RZG¶V
PRWLRQIRUMXGJPHQWDVDPDWWHURIODZDQG5(0$1'VR
WKDWWKHSUREDEOHFDXVHLVVXHPD\EHVXEPLWWHGWRDMXU\
,
$FFRUGLQJWR'LDPRQGRQWKHGD\RIKHUDUUHVWVKHKDG
WKUHHRUIRXUGULQNVEHIRUHKDYLQJGLQQHUZLWKKHUKXVEDQG
DQG VHYHUDO IULHQGV 'XULQJ WKHLU PHDO 'LDPRQG DQG KHU
KXVEDQGKDGDKHDWHGDUJXPHQWZKLFKFRQWLQXHGDIWHUGLQQHU
LQIURQWRIWKHUHVWDXUDQW8SVHWDQGXQZLOOLQJWROHDYHZLWK
HLWKHUKHUKXVEDQGRUKLVIULHQGV'LDPRQGIODJJHGGRZQD
SDVVLQJ PRWRULVW DQG HQWHUHG KLV FDU 7KH PRWRULVW ±
DSSDUHQWO\KDYLQJZLWQHVVHGWKHDUJXPHQW±ZDVVSHDNLQJWR
DSROLFHGLVSDWFKHURQKLVPRELOHWHOHSKRQHZKHQ'LDPRQG
HQWHUHGKLVFDU:KLOHWKHPRWRULVWGURYHKHUDVKRUWGLVWDQFH
WR D VHFRQG UHVWDXUDQW 'LDPRQG KHUVHOI VSRNH ZLWK WKH
GLVSDWFKHU 'XULQJ WKH FRQYHUVDWLRQ 'LDPRQG UHDFWHG
K\VWHULFDOO\WRWKHGLVSDWFKHU¶VTXHVWLRQV
6KRUWO\ DIWHU WKH PRWRULVW GURSSHG 'LDPRQG RII DW WKH
VHFRQG UHVWDXUDQW 2IILFHU +RZG DUULYHG +H LQIRUPHG
'LDPRQGWKDWKHZDVUHVSRQGLQJWRD³FDOO´UHJDUGLQJ
GRPHVWLFYLROHQFH$FFRUGLQJWR+RZG'LDPRQGVPHOOHGRI

-- 2 of 6 --

1R 'LDPRQGY+RZG
DOFRKRODQGZDVXQDEOHRUXQZLOOLQJWRWHOOKLPZKHUHVKHZDV
VWD\LQJRUZKHUHKHUKXVEDQGRUKLVIULHQGVZHUH$WVRPH
SRLQWGXULQJWKHTXHVWLRQLQJ'LDPRQGWXUQHGWROHDYH:KHQ
+RZGJUDEEHGKHUDUPWRUHVWUDLQKHUVKHVWRPSHGRQKLV
IRRW
+RZGDUUHVWHG'LDPRQG6KHZDVVXEVHTXHQWO\FKDUJHG
ZLWK SXEOLF LQWR[LFDWLRQ UHVLVWLQJ DUUHVW DQG DVVDXOW
'LDPRQGZDLYHGDVWDWHSUHOLPLQDU\KHDULQJIRUWKHFULPLQDO
FKDUJHV7KHFULPLQDOWULDOMXU\DFTXLWWHG 'LDPRQGRIWKH
SXEOLFLQWR[LFDWLRQFKDUJHDQGKXQJRQWKHUHVLVWLQJDUUHVWDQG
DVVDXOWFKDUJHV
+HUDWWRUQH\FODLPHGWKDWKHPDGHDVWUDWHJLFGHFLVLRQWR
ZDLYHKHUSUHOLPLQDU\KHDULQJEHFDXVH7HQQHVVHHODZGRHV
QRW DIIRUG WKH DFFXVHG DQ RSSRUWXQLW\ WR REWDLQ GLVFRYHU\
IURPWKHSURVHFXWLRQSULRUWRVXFKDKHDULQJ+HDQWLFLSDWHG
ILOLQJDODZVXLWDJDLQVW+RZGXQGHUVHFWLRQDQGEHOLHYHG
WKDW WKH VWDWH FRXUW¶V SUHOLPLQDU\ SUREDEOH FDXVH
GHWHUPLQDWLRQZRXOGELQGWKHFRXUWDGMXGLFDWLQJKHUVHFWLRQ
FODLPXQGHU6PLWKY7KRUQEXUJ)G WK
&LU %HFDXVHKHZDVXQZLOOLQJWROLWLJDWHWKHSUREDEOH
FDXVH LVVXH ZLWKRXW WKH EHQHILW RI GLVFRYHU\ 'LDPRQG¶V
DWWRUQH\ VRXJKW WR SUHVHUYH WKH LVVXH E\ ZDLYLQJ KHU
SUHOLPLQDU\KHDULQJ
'LDPRQGILOHGDODZVXLWDJDLQVW+RZGXQGHUVHFWLRQ
DOOHJLQJWKDWKHDUUHVWHGKHUZLWKRXWSUREDEOHFDXVHDQGXVHG
H[FHVVLYHIRUFHGXULQJKHUDUUHVW$WWULDORYHU'LDPRQG¶V
REMHFWLRQWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWSHUPLWWHG+RZGWRLQWURGXFHWKH
DXGLRWDSH RI 'LDPRQG¶V FRQYHUVDWLRQ ZLWK WKH SROLFH
GLVSDWFKHULQWRHYLGHQFH$OWKRXJK+RZGKDGQRWKHDUGWKH
DXGLRWDSH EHIRUH KH DUUHVWHG 'LDPRQG WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW
GHWHUPLQHG WKH DXGLRWDSH ZDV UHOHYDQW EHFDXVH LW
GHPRQVWUDWHG'LDPRQG¶VVWDWHRIPLQGEHIRUH+RZG¶VDUULYDO
7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWJUDQWHGMXGJPHQWDVDPDWWHURIODZLQ
IDYRURI+RZGXQGHU5XOH D RIWKH)HGHUDO5XOHVRI&LYLO
3URFHGXUHRQWKHLVVXHRIZKHWKHU+RZGKDGSUREDEOHFDXVH
WRDUUHVW'LDPRQG,WIRXQG WKDW'LDPRQG¶VZDLYHURIWKH
VWDWH SUHOLPLQDU\ KHDULQJ FROODWHUDOO\ HVWRSSHG KHU IURP

-- 3 of 6 --

'LDPRQGY+RZG 1R
OLWLJDWLQJ WKH LVVXH RI SUREDEOH FDXVH DQG WKDW WKH
HYLGHQFHH[DPLQHGLQWKHOLJKWPRVWIDYRUDEOHWR'LDPRQG
GHPRQVWUDWHG WKH H[LVWHQFH RI SUREDEOH FDXVH 7KH MXU\
UHWXUQHGDYHUGLFWIRU+RZGRQWKHLVVXHRIH[FHVVLYHIRUFH
'LDPRQGDSSHDOHGWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW¶VGLUHFWHGYHUGLFWDQGLWV
DGPLVVLRQRIWKHDXGLRWDSHLQWRHYLGHQFH
,,
:HUHYLHZWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW¶VGHFLVLRQWRDGPLWWKHSROLFH
DXGLRWDSH XQGHU DQ DEXVH RI GLVFUHWLRQ VWDQGDUG 8QLWHG
6WDWHVY+LOOLDUG)G WK&LU (YHQLI
WKHGLVWULFWFRXUWDEXVHGLWVGLVFUHWLRQE\DGPLWWLQJDSLHFHRI
HYLGHQFHLWVGHFLVLRQVKRXOGQRWEHUHYHUVHGXQOHVVLWDIIHFWHG
WKHVXEVWDQWLDOULJKWVRIDSDUW\/RJDQY'D\WRQ+XGVRQ
&RUS)G WK&LU
(YLGHQFHLVUHOHYDQWLILWKDV³DQ\WHQGHQF\WRPDNHWKH
H[LVWHQFH RI DQ\ IDFW WKDW LV RI FRQVHTXHQFH WR WKH
GHWHUPLQDWLRQRIWKHDFWLRQPRUHSUREDEOHRUOHVVSUREDEOH
WKDQLWZRXOGEHZLWKRXWWKHHYLGHQFH´)(' 5 (9,'
VHHDOVR8QLWHG6WDWHVY&DUWHU)G WK&LU
5HOHYDQWHYLGHQFHLVJHQHUDOO\DGPLVVLEOH)(' 5
(9,'5HOHYDQWHYLGHQFHKRZHYHUPD\H[FOXGHGLI³LWV
SUREDWLYHYDOXHLVVXEVWDQWLDOO\RXWZHLJKHGE\WKHGDQJHURI
XQIDLUSUHMXGLFHFRQIXVLRQRIWKHLVVXHVRUPLVOHDGLQJWKH
MXU\RUE\FRQVLGHUDWLRQVRIXQGXHGHOD\ZDVWHRIWLPHRU
QHHGOHVVSUHVHQWDWLRQRIFXPXODWLYHHYLGHQFH´)(' 5 (9,'

7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWIRXQGWKDWWKHSRUWLRQRIWKHDXGLRWDSH
XSRQ ZKLFK 'LDPRQG¶V FRQYHUVDWLRQ FRXOG EH KHDUG ZDV
UHOHYDQW LQ HVWDEOLVKLQJ KHU VWDWH RI PLQG EHIRUH +RZG¶V
DUULYDO7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWIXUWKHUIRXQGWKDWSOD\LQJWKHWDSH
ZRXOG QRW UHVXOW LQ DQ\ XQGXH GHOD\ DQG WKDW WKH WDSH¶V
FRQWHQWV ZHUH QRW VXEVWDQWLDOO\ PRUH SUHMXGLFLDO WKDQ
SUREDWLYH %HFDXVH WKH DXGLRWDSH¶V UHSURGXFWLRQ RI
'LDPRQG¶VK\VWHULFDOFRQYHUVDWLRQZDVQRPRUHSUHMXGLFLDO
WKDQ+RZG¶VDFFRXQWRIKHUGUXQNHQEHKDYLRUZHFDQQRWVD\
WKDWDGPLVVLRQRIWKDWWDSHZDVVRSUHMXGLFLDOWKDWLWDIIHFWHG
'LDPRQG¶VVXEVWDQWLDOULJKWV$FFRUGLQJO\ZHILQGWKDWWKH
1R 'LDPRQGY+RZG
,9
:H $)),50 WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW¶V GHFLVLRQ WR DGPLW WKH
DXGLRWDSH %HFDXVH WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW HUUHG LQ JUDQWLQJ
+RZG¶VPRWLRQIRUMXGJPHQWDVDPDWWHURIODZKRZHYHUZH
5(9(56(WKHMXGJPHQWRIWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWDQG5(0$1'
WKHFDVHVRWKDWWKHLVVXHRIZKHWKHU+RZGKDGSUREDEOHFDXVH
WRDUUHVW'LDPRQGFDQEHVXEPLWWHGWRDMXU\

-- 4 of 6 --

'LDPRQGY+RZG 1R
7KHWHVWIRUZKHWKHUDQRIILFHUKDGSUREDEOHFDXVHWRPDNH
DQDUUHVWLVZKHWKHUDWWKHLQVWDQWRIWKHDUUHVW³WKHIDFWVDQG
FLUFXPVWDQFHVZLWKLQ>WKHRIILFHU¶V@NQRZOHGJHDQGRIZKLFK
>KH@KDGUHDVRQDEO\WUXVWZRUWK\LQIRUPDWLRQZHUHVXIILFLHQW
WRZDUUDQWDSUXGHQWPDQLQEHOLHYLQJWKDWWKH>DUUHVWHH@KDG
FRPPLWWHGRUZDVFRPPLWWLQJDQRIIHQVH´%HFNY2KLR
866&W/(GG 0RUHRYHU
³WKH H[LVWHQFH RI SUREDEOH FDXVH LQ D VHFWLRQ DFWLRQ
SUHVHQWVDMXU\TXHVWLRQXQOHVVWKHUHLVRQO\RQHUHDVRQDEOH
GHWHUPLQDWLRQSRVVLEOH´.OHLQY/RQJ)G
WK&LU FLWDWLRQRPLWWHG
7HQQHVVHHODZGHILQHVSXEOLFLQWR[LFDWLRQDVIROORZV
$SHUVRQFRPPLWVWKHRIIHQVHRISXEOLFLQWR[LFDWLRQZKR
DSSHDUV LQ D SXEOLF SODFH XQGHU WKH LQIOXHQFH RI D
FRQWUROOHGVXEVWDQFHRUDQ\RWKHULQWR[LFDWLQJVXEVWDQFH
WRWKHGHJUHHWKDW
7KHRIIHQGHUPD\EHHQGDQJHUHG
7KHUHLVHQGDQJHUPHQWWRRWKHUSHUVRQVRUSURSHUW\
RU
7KH RIIHQGHU XQUHDVRQDEO\ DQQR\V SHRSOH LQ WKH
YLFLQLW\
7HQQ&RGH$QQ† D :HVW
+HUHZKLOHWKHUHFRUGVXJJHVWVWKDW'LDPRQG¶VEHKDYLRU
ZDVFKDUDFWHULVWLFRIDVWDWHRILQHEULDWLRQLWGRHVQRWFRPSHO
D GHWHUPLQDWLRQ WKDW +RZG KDG UHDVRQDEOH WUXVWZRUWK\
LQIRUPDWLRQ VXIILFLHQW WR ZDUUDQW D EHOLHI WKDW 'LDPRQG
SUHVHQWHGDGDQJHUWRKHUVHOISUHVHQWHGDGDQJHUWRRWKHUVRU
ZDVDQQR\LQJRWKHUV$FFRUGLQJO\ZHILQGWKDWDUHDVRQDEOH
MXU\FRXOGKDYHFRQFOXGHGWKDW+RZGODFNHGSUREDEOHFDXVH
WRDUUHVW'LDPRQG
1R 'LDPRQGY+RZG
GLVWULFW FRXUW GLG QRW DEXVH LWV GLVFUHWLRQ E\ DGPLWWLQJ WKH
DXGLRWDSH
,,,
:H UHYLHZ GH QRYR D GLVWULFW FRXUW V GHFLVLRQ WR JUDQW
MXGJPHQWDVDPDWWHURIODZXQGHU5XOH D $SDULFLRY
1RUIRON :HVWHUQ5\&R)G WK&LU
-XGJPHQWDVDPDWWHURIODZRQDVSHFLILFLVVXHLVDSSURSULDWH
ZKHQYLHZLQJWKHHYLGHQFHLQWKHOLJKWPRVWIDYRUDEOHWRWKH
QRQPRYDQW ³WKHUHLVQROHJDOO\VXIILFLHQWHYLGHQWLDU\EDVLV
IRUDUHDVRQDEOHMXU\WRILQGIRUWKDWSDUW\RQWKDWLVVXH´RU
WKHQRQPRYDQW¶VSRVLWLRQRQWKDWLVVXHUHSUHVHQWV³DFODLPRU
GHIHQVHWKDWFDQQRWXQGHUWKHFRQWUROOLQJODZEHPDLQWDLQHG´
)(' 5 &,9 352& D VHHDOVR6DZFKLFNY(,'X3RQW
GH1HPRXUV &R)G WK&LU
$
5HO\LQJRQ6PLWKY7KRUQEXUJ)G WK&LU
WKHGLVWULFWFRXUWGHWHUPLQHGWKDW'LDPRQG¶VZDLYHURI
DVWDWHSUHOLPLQDU\KHDULQJ±WRSUHVHUYHWKHLVVXHRISUREDEOH
FDXVHXQWLOVKHFRXOGOLWLJDWHLWZLWKWKHEHQHILWRIGLVFRYHU\
±FROODWHUDOO\HVWRSSHG'LDPRQGIURP³UHOLWLJDWLQJ´WKHLVVXH
RISUREDEOHFDXVHLQKHUVHFWLRQODZVXLW
,Q7KRUQEXUJZHIRXQGWKDWDFODLPDQWZKRXQVXFFHVVIXOO\
FRQWHVWHGSUREDEOHFDXVHLQDVWDWHSUHOLPLQDU\KHDULQJZDV
FROODWHUDOO\ HVWRSSHG IURP OLWLJDWLQJ WKDW LVVXH LQ KLV
VXEVHTXHQWVHFWLRQDFWLRQ,GDW,QVXSSRUWRILWV
KROGLQJ WKH 7KRUQEXUJ FRXUW VWDWHG ³>:@KHUH μWKH VWDWH
DIIRUGV DQ RSSRUWXQLW\ IRU DQ DFFXVHG WR FRQWHVW SUREDEOH
FDXVH DW D SUHOLPLQDU\ KHDULQJ DQG WKH DFFXVHG GRHV VR D
ILQGLQJRISUREDEOHFDXVHE\WKHH[DPLQLQJPDJLVWUDWHRUVWDWH
MXGJH VKRXOG IRUHFORVH UHOLWLJDWLRQ RI WKDW ILQGLQJ LQ D
VXEVHTXHQW VHFWLRQ DFWLRQ¶´ ,G TXRWLQJ &RRJDQ Y
&LW\RI:L[RP)G WK&LU DEURJDWHG
RQRWKHUJURXQGV$OEULJKWY2OLYHU866&W
/(GG HPSKDVLVDGGHG 7KHGLVWULFW
FRXUWUHDVRQHGWKDWDORJLFDOH[WHQVLRQRI7KRUQEXUJVXJJHVWV
WKDWDFODLPDQWZKRKDGWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRSDUWLFLSDWHLQD

-- 5 of 6 --

'LDPRQGY+RZG 1R
SUHOLPLQDU\SUREDEOHFDXVHKHDULQJEXWGHFOLQHGWRGRVRLV
SUHFOXGHGIURPOLWLJDWLQJWKHSUREDEOHFDXVHLVVXH
2XU RSLQLRQ LQ &RRJDQ D GHFLVLRQ XSRQ ZKLFK WKH
7KRUQEXUJFRXUWH[SUHVVO\UHOLHGFRXQVHOVDJDLQVWWKHGLVWULFW
FRXUW¶V H[WHQVLRQRI7KRUQEXUJ,Q&RRJDQZHH[SUHVVO\
FRQWHPSODWHGWKHVWUDWHJLFGHFLVLRQWKDW'LDPRQG¶VFRXQVHO
PDGHKHUHDQGVXJJHVWHGWKDWVXFKDGHFLVLRQVKRXOGQRWEH
GHHPHGSUHFOXVLYH&RRJDQ)GDW ³>(@YHQZKHQ
DQ RSSRUWXQLW\ IRU IXOO DGYHUVDU\ SURFHHGLQJV LV DIIRUGHG
VWUDWHJLFFRQFHUQVPD\FRXQVHODJDLQVWHQJDJLQJLQVXFKDQ
H[HUFLVHDWWKHHDUO\VWDJHVRIDFULPLQDOSURFHHGLQJ´ VHH
DOVR5XVVRY&LW\RI:DUUHQ)G:/
WK&LU XQSXEOLVKHGRSLQLRQ TXRWLQJ&RRJDQIRU
WKHSURSRVLWLRQWKDW³FRQVLGHUDWLRQVZKLFKμFRXQVHODJDLQVW
HQJDJLQJLQ>DIXOODGYHUVDU\KHDULQJ@DWWKHHDUO\VWDJHVRID
FULPLQDOSURFHHGLQJ¶DUHWKHW\SHRIVWUDWHJLFGHFLVLRQVZKLFK
PLJKWQHJDWHDQ\SUHFOXVLYHHIIHFWUHJDUGLQJWKDWLVVXH´
6LPLODUO\ XQGHU 7HQQHVVHH FROODWHUDO HVWRSSHO ODZ
'LDPRQG¶V IDLOXUH WR SDUWLFLSDWH LQ D SUHOLPLQDU\ KHDULQJ
OLNHO\ ZRXOG QRW SUHFOXGH KHU IURP OLWLJDWLQJ WKH SUREDEOH
FDXVHLVVXHLQDVHFWLRQODZVXLW6HHHJ'LFNHUVRQY
*RGIUH\6:G 7HQQ ³>:@KHUHWKH
WZRFDXVHVRIDFWLRQDUHGLIIHUHQWWKHMXGJPHQWLQWKHILUVW
VXLWLVELQGLQJDVDQHVWRSSHORQO\DVWRWKRVHPDWWHUVLQLVVXH
WKHLQTXLU\EHLQJZKDWSRLQWRUTXHVWLRQZDVDFWXDOO\OLWLJDWHG
DQGGHWHUPLQHGLQWKHRULJLQDODFWLRQQRWZKDWPLJKWKDYH
EHHQOLWLJDWHGDQGGHWHUPLQHG´ HPSKDVLVDGGHG %HDWW\Y
0F*UDZ6:G 7HQQ$SS FROODWHUDO
HVWRSSHOUHTXLUHV³WKDWWKHLVVXHVRXJKWWREHSUHFOXGHGZDV
DFWXDOO\OLWLJDWHGDQGGHFLGHGRQLWVPHULWVLQWKHHDUOLHUVXLW´
HPSKDVLVDGGHG VHHDOVR+DULQJY3URVLVH86
6&W/(GG IHGHUDOFRXUW
PXVWDSSO\VWDWHODZRIFROODWHUDOHVWRSSHO
0RUHRYHU JLYHQ WKDW 'LDPRQG ZDV QRW HQWLWOHG WR
GLVFRYHU\EHIRUHKHUVWDWHSUHOLPLQDU\KHDULQJLWLVQRWDWDOO
FOHDU WKDW HYHQ LI VKH KDG SDUWLFLSDWHG KHU SUHOLPLQDU\
1R 'LDPRQGY+RZG
7KH VWDWH SUHOLPLQDU\ KHDULQJ LQ 7KRUQEXUJ DOVR WRRN SODFH LQ
7HQQHVVHH 7KH 7KRUQEXUJ FRXUW KRZHYHU QRWHG WKDW WKH SODLQWLII¶V
ODZ\HU ³DUULYHG DW WKH SUHOLPLQDU\ KHDULQJ UHDG\ WR WU\ WKH FDVH´
7KRUQEXUJ )G DW Q 7KXV LW LV DSSDUHQW WKDW SUHKHDULQJ
GLVFRYHU\ KDG EHHQ PDGH DYDLODEOH
KHDULQJZRXOGVXSSRUWFROODWHUDOHVWRSSHO6HH*RRJDQ
)GDW ³:HGRQRWKROGWKDWHYHU\GHWHUPLQDWLRQLQD
SUHOLPLQDU\ KHDULQJ VKRXOG EH JLYHQ SUHFOXVLYH HIIHFW LQ D
VXEVHTXHQWVHFWLRQDFWLRQ6RPHSUHOLPLQDU\KHDULQJV
DUH OLWWOH PRUH WKDQ IRUPDOLWLHV´ VHH DOVR *ROLQR Y 1HZ
+DYHQ)G G&LU ILQGLQJWKDWVWDWH
SUHOLPLQDU\ KHDULQJ GLG QRW ³SURYLGH D IXOO DQG IDLU
RSSRUWXQLW\IRUFROODWHUDOHVWRSSHOSXUSRVHVWROLWLJDWHWKH
LVVXHRISUREDEOHFDXVH´LQSDUWEHFDXVHWKHFODLPDQWKDGQR
DFFHVVWRSROLFHLQYHVWLJDWLYHILOHEHIRUHKHDULQJ :KLWOH\Y
6HLEHO )G WK &LU ILQGLQJ WKDW
VWDWHSUHOLPLQDU\KHDULQJGLGQRWSURYLGHDEDVLVIRUFROODWHUDO
HVWRSSHOZKHUHGLVFRYHU\ZDVXQDYDLODEOHEHIRUHWKHKHDULQJ
DQG WKH SUHOLPLQDU\ SUREDEOH FDXVH GHWHUPLQDWLRQ ZDV QRW
DSSHDODEOH
,QOLJKWRIWKHDERYHZHILQGWKDWWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWHUUHGLQ
GHWHUPLQLQJWKDW'LDPRQG¶VZDLYHURIDSUHOLPLQDU\SUREDEOH
FDXVHKHDULQJSUHFOXGHGKHUIURPOLWLJDWLQJWKHSUREDEOHFDXVH
LVVXHLQKHUVHFWLRQODZVXLW
%
,QUHYLHZLQJDGLVWULFWFRXUW¶VGHFLVLRQWRJUDQWMXGJPHQWDV
DPDWWHURIODZXQGHU5XOH D RQWKHEDVLVRILQVXIILFLHQW
HYLGHQFHZH³PXVWZLWKRXWZHLJKLQJWKHFUHGLELOLW\RIWKH
ZLWQHVVHV DVFHUWDLQ ZKHWKHU WKH UHFRUG FRQWDLQV VXIILFLHQW
HYLGHQFHIURPZKLFKWKHMXU\FRXOGILQGLQIDYRURIWKHSDUW\
DJDLQVW ZKRP WKH PRWLRQ LV PDGH´ 5RK Y /DNHVKRUH
(VWDWHV ,QF )G WK &LU $ FRXUW
VKRXOG QRW JUDQW MXGJPHQW DV D PDWWHU RI ODZ XQOHVV ³LW LV
FOHDUWKDWUHDVRQDEOHSHRSOHFRXOGFRPHWREXWRQHFRQFOXVLRQ
IURPWKHHYLGHQFH´/HZLVY&LW\RI,UYLQH)G
WK&LU

-- 6 of 6 --