Reginald Castel v. Attorney General of the United States

The Honorable Anne E. Thompson, United States District Judge for the District of*
New Jersey, sitting by designation.
NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
No. 06-3868
REGINALD CASTEL,
Petitioner
v.
ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES,
Respondent
On Petition for Review of an Order of the
Board of Immigration Appeals
BIA No. A29-630-580
(U.S. Immigration Judge: Honorable Walter A. Durling)
Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
January 29, 2008
Before: SCIRICA, Chief Judge,
RENDELL, Circuit Judge, and THOMPSON, District Judge*
(Filed : October 7, 2008)
OPINION OF THE COURT

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SCIRICA, Chief Judge.
Reginald Castel, a native and citizen of Haiti admitted to the United States as a
lawful permanent resident, petitions for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’
(“BIA”) order of removal from the United States. For the reasons set forth, we will
affirm.
I.
Castel entered the United States on or about September 24, 1982, and adjusted his
status to that of a lawful permanent resident on August 1, 1989. On July 22, 1999, he
pleaded guilty to first degree assault and was sentenced to eight years in prison. Upon
completion of his sentence, the Department of Homeland Security initiated removal
proceedings in Immigration Court on August 22, 2005. Castel was charged with being an
alien removable for committing an aggravated felony, INA § 237(a)(2)(A)(iii), 8 U.S.C. §
1227(a)(2)(A)(iii).
Castel sought withholding of removal under the Convention Against Torture
(“CAT”). Castel, whose family resides in the United States, suffers from acute diabetes
and requires twice-daily injections of medication to maintain his health. Upon removal to
Haiti, he would likely be imprisoned because of his conviction. The Immigration Judge
(“IJ”) found Castel would “likely die of his disease” because of “lack of adequate
medication . . . [and] inhumane prison conditions.” (A14). The IJ found Castel met his
burden under the CAT to show he will more likely than not be subjected to torture and

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ordered Castel’s removal deferred. The Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”)
appealed the IJ’s order.
The BIA found Castel did not satisfy his burden, rejecting the IJ’s reliance on
expert testimony from another case and finding the record did not support Castel’s claim
that his medication would be confiscated. The BIA was “not convinced that the
possibility that the respondent may suffer under these prison conditions is sufficient to
substantiate a finding that the Haitian government acquiesces in the ‘torture’ of criminal
deportees who are detained.” The BIA vacated the IJ’s decision granting deferral of
removal, and Castel filed a timely petition for review.
II.
Castel asserts error, contending he adequately proved he would be tortured if he
were removed to Haiti. He argues that he will be deprived of essential medicine and
food, leading to pain and suffering that qualifies as torture. “[T]he CAT requires a
showing of specific intent before the court can make a finding that a petitioner will be
tortured.” Pierre v. Gonzalez, 528 F.3d 180, 189 (3d Cir. 2008) (en banc). In Pierre, we
held:
The lack of medical care and likely pain that Pierre will experience is an
unfortunate but unintended consequence of the poor conditions in the
Haitian prisons, which exist because of Haiti’s extreme poverty. We find
that this unintended consequence is not the type of proscribed purpose
contemplated by the CAT.

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Pierre, 528 F.3d at 189. As in Pierre, Castel did not demonstrate Haitian authorities
specifically intended to inflict pain or suffering for any purpose prohibited by the CAT.
Despite Castel’s medical condition and the harsh prison conditions he will likely
experience in Haiti, even if Castel could demonstrate “knowledge that pain and suffering
will be the certain outcome of conduct,” id., this is not enough to show specific intent.
See Pierre v. Gonzales, 502 F.3d 109, 121–22 (2d Cir. 2007) (specific intent not met
where petitioner, a diabetic, presented evidence of Haiti’s harsh prison conditions and the
likelihood he would die without medication and a proper diet). Therefore, Castel has not
satisfied his burden under the CAT and is not eligible for withholding of removal.
III.
Accordingly, we will affirm the BIA’s order vacating the IJ’s decision.

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