Case No: 05-1720 TEXAS EASTERN TRANSMISSION, LP v. Frank T. Perano, t/d/b/a GSP Management; RHG PROPERTIES, LLC

The Honorable David R. Hansen, Senior United States Circuit Judge for the Court*
of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, sitting by designation.
1
NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
Case No: 05-1720
TEXAS EASTERN TRANSMISSION, LP
v.
FRANK T. PERANO, t/d/b/a GSP
Management; RHG PROPERTIES, LLC,
Appellants
On Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
District Court No. 04-CV-3915
District Judge: The Honorable Mary A. McLaughlin
Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit L.A.R. 34.1(a)
April 11, 2007
Before: SMITH, NYGAARD, and HANSEN, Circuit Judges*
(Filed: April 19, 2007)
OPINION
SMITH, Circuit Judge.

-- 1 of 4 --

2
Frank T. Perano, doing business as GSP Management, and RHG Properties, LLC
(hereafter referred to collectively as Perano), appeals the District Court’s order granting a
preliminary injunction in favor of Texas Eastern Transmission, LP. “[T]he standard
governing our review is that accorded to grants or denials of preliminary injunctions, i.e.,
whether the district court abused its discretion, committed an obvious error in applying
the law, or made a clear mistake in considering the proof.” In re Assets of Martin, 1 F.3d
1351, 1357 (3d Cir. 1993) (citation omitted). We exercise plenary review with regard to
questions of law, and conduct clear error review as to the factual determinations. Id. For
the reasons set forth below, we will affirm.
Perano purchased real estate in Honey Brook Township, Chester County,
Pennsylvania, which was subject to an easement held by Texas Eastern for the operation
of two parallel natural gas pipelines. A mobile home park is situated on the real estate.
During an aerial inspection of its right-of-way, Texas Eastern observed activity at one of
the mobile home sites which encroached further into its easement. As a result, Texas
Eastern notified Perano by letter that he was prohibited from installing any additional
trailers or structures within 25 feet of either of the two pipelines, and that digging within
25 feet of the pipelines was prohibited by state and federal regulations. Perano installed a
new, larger mobile home, however, situated five feet closer to the pipeline, leaving a
distance of only ten feet between the edge of the home and the 20 inch gas pipeline.
Texas Eastern initiated a civil action. It moved for a preliminary injunction which would

-- 2 of 4 --

The District Court exercised diversity jurisdiction. 28 U.S.C. § 1332. We1
exercise appellate jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1292(a).
3
require the removal of the mobile home and would enjoin further interference with its
easement.
After a hearing, the District Court granted the preliminary injunction. It
concluded, inter alia, that Texas Eastern had demonstrated a likelihood of success in
establishing that the width of the right of way, which was not specified in the easement,
was 25 feet from either pipeline, and that Texas Eastern had demonstrated irreparable
harm if injunctive relief was denied. The Court enjoined Perano from interfering with
Texas Eastern’s ability to operate the two pipelines, prohibited any excavation or digging
without first notifying Texas Eastern, and ordered the removal of the mobile home.
Perano appealed.1
Perano asserts that the District Court erred by granting the preliminary injunction.
He contends that the District Court erred in its determination that 25 feet on either side of
the pipeline was the reasonable and necessary width of the easement. Perano also
challenges the District’s Court’s determination that Texas Eastern demonstrated
irreparable harm.
Perano’s arguments lack merit. The District Court correctly applied Pennsylvania
law, which instructs that when the width of an easement is not specified in the grant, “the
grantee is given such rights as are necessary for the reasonable and proper enjoyment of

-- 3 of 4 --

the thing granted.” Zettlemoyer v. Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Corp., 657 A.2d 920,
924 (Pa. 1995). Consistent with Zettlemoyer, and based on the testimony of Texas
Eastern’s employees, the District Court did not err by finding that 25 feet on either side of
the pipelines was the reasonable and necessary width for the right of way.
Nor can we fault the District Court for rejecting Perano’s argument that Texas
Eastern’s past use of only 10 or 15 feet of the easement demonstrated that the reasonable
and necessary width of the entire easement was only 25 feet in toto. Zettlemoyer instructs
that the width of an unrestricted grant of an easement cannot be diminished because the
grantee fails to immediately use the easement to the fullest extent possible. 657 A.2d at
926.
Finally, Perano’s contention that the District Court erred by concluding that Texas
Eastern had met its burden of demonstrating irreparable harm is without merit. The
District Court, relying on the testimony of Texas Eastern’s employees, concluded that the
safety concerns posed by a cluttered right of way constituted irreparable harm. There is
no basis for disturbing this determination.
We will affirm the order of the District Court granting Texas Eastern’s motion for
a preliminary injunction.

-- 4 of 4 --