Allmon-Lipscomb v. State

Cite as 2017 Ark. App. 301

ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS
DIVISION IV
No. CV-16-691

Opinion Delivered May 10, 2017

QIANA ALLMON-LIPSCOMB APPEAL FROM THE PULASKI COUNTY
APPELLANT CIRCUIT COURT, NINTH DIVISION
[NO. 60PR-95-376]

V. HONORABLE MARY SPENCER
MCGOWAN,
JUDGE
STATE OF ARKANSAS
APPELLEE AFFIRMED

LARRY D. VAUGHT, Judge

Appellant Qiana Allmon-Lipscomb appeals from an order entered by the Pulaski

County Circuit Court revoking her order of conditional release, claiming there was insufficient

evidence that she violated the conditions of her release. We affirm.

On February 9, 1995, Lipscomb (sixteen years old at the time) was acquitted by reason

of mental disease or defect of the offenses of aggravated assault, terroristic threatening, and

endangering the welfare of a minor. 1 She was committed to the custody of the director of the

Arkansas Department of Human Services (DHS) for evaluation and treatment. Over the

course of the next seventeen years, Lipscomb was conditionally released from treatment and

had her release revoked five times.

1The record reveals that Lipscomb was charged with these offenses after she “stuffed
her infant baby into a garbage can.”
Cite as 2017 Ark. App. 301

On September 5, 2012, the circuit court entered its most recent order granting

Lipscomb a conditional release. The order stated that Lipscomb’s primary diagnosis is

“Personality Disorder, Cluster B Type (including Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic and

Antisocial traits).” Some of the conditions of her release included that she comply in all aspects

with recommended medical, psychiatric, or psychological treatment and therapy; take all

medications currently prescribed; remain at her approved residence and not leave without

prior authorization from her treatment team; and submit to one-to-one supervision, twenty-

four hours per day. The order of conditional release was modified on September 19, 2014, to

change her treatment team. All other conditions of her release remained the same. The order

was modified a second time on August 31, 2015, due to Lipscomb’s lack of compliance. The

August 31 order provided that she was to comply in all respects with recommended treatment

and therapy, comply with curfew requirements, and submit to twenty-four-hour-per-day

nursing supervision. Regarding the nursing supervision, the order stated that “[Lipscomb] and

her [one-to-one nursing] staff shall treat each other with dignity and respect at all times.”

On December 4, 2015, the State filed a motion for revocation of conditional release,

alleging that Lipscomb was not in compliance. The motion attached a report of Sonya Davis,

a certified nursing assistant employed by Arkansas Healthcare Personnel (AHP), who was

assigned one-to-one nursing supervision of Lipscomb. Davis’s report details an incident on

November 17, 2015, when Lipscomb became upset; yelled and cursed at her (Lipscomb’s)

boyfriend, her four-year-old daughter, and Davis; and threatened to kill Davis and the

boyfriend with a butcher knife. According to Davis, Lipscomb’s boyfriend tackled Lipscomb,

causing her to drop the knife. Davis said Lipscomb “ran back up on me[,] chest to chest[,]

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Cite as 2017 Ark. App. 301

pointing in my face saying she was going to kick my ass.” Davis reported that Lipscomb said

that she was not scared to go back to the state hospital, that she had killed somebody before

and all they did was lock her up in the hospital, and that she would do it again. Davis’s report

also stated that Lipscomb pushed her daughter to the ground during the incident.

On March 3, 2016, the circuit court held a hearing regarding the State’s motion to

revoke Lipscomb’s conditional release, and on April 11, 2016, the court issued a five-page

order granting the motion. The circuit court detailed the history of this case, including

Lipscomb’s criminal history, 2 and summarized the hearing testimony. The court then found:

In this case, based on the testimony presented, the Court finds that Qiana
Allmon[-Lipscomb] threatened Sonia Davis with a knife, verbally threatened to assault
Ms. Davis, assaulted her own four[-]year[-]old child, and threatened to assault another
patient at the Arkansas State Hospital. All of these actions are violations of the
conditional release order.

This appeal followed.

We review proceedings regarding the conditional release and revocation of an acquittee

by mental disease or defect de novo, but the decision of the court will not be disturbed unless

clearly erroneous. M.E. v. State, 2010 Ark. App. 394, at 3–4. In making our review, we give due

regard to the superior position and opportunity of the court to determine the credibility of the

witnesses. Id. at 4. A finding is clearly erroneous when, although there is evidence to support

2The circuit court’s order provided that on May 8, 1998, Lipscomb was sentenced to
serve twenty years in the Arkansas Department of Correction (ADC) for murdering her
boyfriend. She was paroled on May 7, 2003, and returned to prison on August 6, 2004, on a
parole violation. She was found guilty of battery in the second degree for assaulting nurses at
the Arkansas State Hospital in June 2008. On January 28, 2009, she was sentenced to thirty
months in the ADC.
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Cite as 2017 Ark. App. 301

it, the appellate court after reviewing the entire evidence is left with the definite and firm

conviction that a mistake has been committed. Id.

The governing statute provides that

[a]fter notice to the conditionally released person and a hearing, the court may
determine that the conditionally released person has violated a condition of release or
that for the safety of the conditionally released person or for the safety of the person
or property of another person the conditional release should be modified, extended for
a period specified by the court not to exceed five (5) years, or revoked.

Ark. Code Ann. § 5-2-316(b)(1) (Supp. 2015). On appeal, Lipscomb concedes that the State

proved at the hearing that she threatened Davis with a knife and threatened to beat Davis. 3

However, Lipscomb argues that this conduct cannot serve as the basis for the revocation of

her conditional release from the state mental hospital because there was no condition in her

conditional-release orders that she engage in “good” or “law-abiding” behavior. Lipscomb

contends that the August 31, 2015 order that required her to at all times treat her one-to-one

nurse with dignity and respect “cannot be treated as the equivalent of a specific, narrowly

focused requirement conditioning [her] release on refraining from threatening violence against

her [one-to-one] nurse.” She argues that she “cannot be guilty of violating a requirement of

her conditional release that did not exist.” We disagree.

The August 31, 2015 modified order of conditional release required Lipscomb to treat

her one-to-one nursing staff “with dignity and respect at all times.” It is undisputed that Davis

was a member of Lipscomb’s one-to-one staff, and Lipscomb concedes that the State proved

3The State presented evidence from Davis that on November 17, 2015, Lipscomb
threatened to kill her boyfriend and Davis with a knife and threatened to beat Davis. Davis
also testified that Lipscomb cursed at her daughter and pushed her daughter to the ground.
Teresa Bunch, a DHS investigator, testified that on November 19, 2015, Lipscomb’s daughter
reported that her mom had pushed her down and “pulled” a knife on Davis.
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Cite as 2017 Ark. App. 301

that she had threatened to kill and beat Davis. Under these facts, we hold that the circuit court

did not clearly err in finding that Lipscomb violated this condition of her release. We affirm.

We also point out that Lipscomb’s release was also conditioned upon her taking her

medication as prescribed and complying with treatment and therapy recommendations. There

is a substantial amount of evidence to support the circuit court’s finding that Lipscomb

violated these conditions of her release.

Dr. Leslie Smith, one of Lipscomb’s treating psychiatrists and the medical director of

the treatment program in which she was enrolled while on release, testified that Lipscomb

suffered from bipolar disorder. He stated that she had been demonstrating manic and

oppositional behavior and had expressed a desire to discontinue her medications, which he

advised against. Dr. Smith noted that Lipscomb’s behavior with the nursing staff was

escalating. He stated that Lipscomb had been exhibiting signs of grandiosity, claiming that she

had been “talking to the Governor, that she was over the judge that was ruling on the case,

that she didn’t have to abide by any of the regulations or requirements[.]” Dr. Smith also said

that Lipscomb was demonstrating the inability to care for her basic medical needs; her

uncontrolled diabetes resulted in a large ulcer that required a ten-day hospitalization. Dr. Smith

opined that his program was no longer an appropriate place for Lipscomb’s treatment due to

her escalating behavior and her noncompliance. Dr. Smith testified that Lipscomb needed to

be in a more structured environment and that the one-to-one staff in the unstructured

environment was insufficient. According to Dr. Smith, Lipscomb needed the structure of a

residential facility.

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Cite as 2017 Ark. App. 301

Vernita Melvin, another certified nursing assistant employed by AHP who provided

one-to-one supervision of Lipscomb, testified that on November 18, 2015, Lipscomb was

agitated, refused to take her medication, and kept attempting to leave her house. Melvin called

for assistance, and Lipscomb was taken to the state hospital.

Angeline Miller, co-owner of AHP, testified that her company contracted to provide

the one-to-one nursing supervision of Lipscomb. Miller stated that because of the November

17 and 18 incidents and her concern for the safety of her nurses, her company was no longer

willing to continue monitoring Lipscomb.

Linda Hopkins, a registered nurse employed at the state hospital, testified that on

December 18, 2015, Lipscomb became upset after she received a call informing her that her

daughter had been removed from Lipscomb’s custody. Hopkins testified that Lipscomb began

crying loudly and was disrupting the unit. Hopkins called the doctor on duty, who prescribed

Benadryl to calm Lipscomb, but she refused to take it. When another patient began taunting

Lipscomb’s loud crying, she chased him. It took four hospital employees to prevent her from

entering the other patient’s room. Lipscomb demanded to talk to the doctor or a social worker

and threatened to “tear the place up” if they did not talk to her. Hopkins called the doctor

back, and he instructed her to give Lipscomb Haldol, Ativan, and Benadryl, and if she refused,

to use a physical hold. Lipscomb eventually complied and took the medicine.

Another registered nurse employed at the state hospital, Addie Hart, testified that on

February 23, 2016, she advised Lipscomb that she had used her allotted phone time. Lipscomb

became upset, yelled, and cursed at Hart and others. Hart testified that she felt threatened by

Lipscomb.

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Dr. Stephen Brasseux, staff psychiatrist at the state hospital, testified that he had been

treating Lipscomb and that she suffered from borderline-personality disorder, antisocial-

personality disorder, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia. Dr. Brasseux

stated that his preferred treatment for borderline-personality disorder is intensive outpatient

therapy that takes about one to two years. However, he stated that Lipscomb posed a risk of

harm to others in her current state and that the state hospital was the least restrictive or

appropriate setting to ensure the safety of others. He further testified that Lipscomb had a

history of violence and that she posed a moderate risk for future violence.

This evidence demonstrates that Lipscomb was noncompliant with taking her

medication and that she was verbally hostile to multiple individuals assisting with her

treatment. Based on this evidence and evidence that Lipscomb threatened to beat and kill her

nurse, we cannot say that the circuit court clearly erred in revoking Lipscomb’s order of

conditional release. Accordingly, we affirm.

Affirmed.

GRUBER, C.J., and GLADWIN, J., agree.

William R. Simpson, Jr., Public Defender, by: Clint Miller, Deputy Pub. Def., for
appellant.

Leslie Rutledge, Att’y Gen., by: Adam Jackson, Ass’t Att’y Gen., for appellee.

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