Whether the appeal was admissible despite the absence of any challenged first-instance decision.
No. An appeal requires an existing decision to be attacked; without one, there is no protected interest and the court cannot examine the merits.
Under Art. 319 CPC, recourse is available against appealable first-instance decisions or unjustified delay. Because the justice of the peace had rendered no decision, the appeal was directed against a non-existent act and therefore lacked admissibility under Art. 59 CPC.