Key legal question
Whether a case may be dismissed when a personally summoned plaintiff fails to appear, but an authorized representative attends the first hearing.
Extracted holding
No. Dismissal is not justified if the plaintiff's authorized representative appears; under the procedural rules, the plaintiff is absent only when neither she nor her representative appears.
Extracted reasoning
The court held that parties may generally act through an authorized representative unless personal appearance is expressly required. Although personal attendance may be required for conciliation purposes at the first hearing, the sanction for absence at the conciliation stage is only cost consequences, not dismissal. Dismissal under § 220(3) ZPO concerns failure to appear for the purpose of entering claims and evidence requests, which is not the case when counsel attends.