Key legal question
Whether § 94 ZPO allows sanctions against a defendant for non-payment of an advance requested for court costs rather than for his own procedural act.
Extracted holding
A sanctionable cost-advance duty exists for the defendant only in relation to procedural acts he himself requested, especially evidence measures; no sanctions may be threatened or imposed for failure to pay an advance for court costs.
Extracted reasoning
§ 94(2) ZPO governs advances for a party’s own requested procedural acts and the sanction is exclusion from that act. § 94(3) concerns advances by plaintiffs or appellants for court costs. The defendant’s non-payment of a court-cost advance therefore cannot justify sanctions.