Key legal question
Whether the immediate dog-control measures were lawful and proportionate, especially the muzzle requirement and permanent leash order.
Extracted holding
A muzzle requirement was disproportionate for a dog that was not shown to be particularly aggressive, and a blanket permanent leash order was unrealistic for a farmer. Suitable alternatives were time-limited leashing, keeping the dog in an adequately sized kennel, or fencing the farm area.
Extracted reasoning
Public protection justified effective preventive measures, but they had to respect animal-welfare law and remain proportionate. The court found the muzzle requirement too severe and the general leash order too detached from rural reality. Less intrusive measures could achieve the same protective purpose.