Key legal question
Whether earlier convictions had to be included in the cumulative assessment so that the appellant should be acquitted or receive a lower sentence for continuous unlawful stay.
Extracted holding
The appeal failed: the prior convictions from 2005 and 2006 did not have to be counted for the current unlawful-stay offence because the cantonal court found a new and distinct intent; only the 2010 unlawful-stay sentence had to be considered, and the total remained below the statutory maximum.
Extracted reasoning
Unlawful stay is a continuous offence, but a prior judgment creates a cut-off. A new conviction is possible only for conduct not covered before. If the later conduct stems from the same intent, the aggregate sentence may not exceed the legal maximum. The Federal Court was bound by the cantonal factual finding that the appellant had formed a distinct intent.