Key legal question
Whether the arbitral tribunal violated the right to be heard by relying on Art. 16.3 clause 4 of the contract without prior notice.
Extracted holding
No. The respondent had already invoked the same clause and theory that the plant was deemed accepted because tests could no longer be performed; the appellant could therefore anticipate the tribunal's reliance on that clause.
Extracted reasoning
The hearing right does not entitle parties to a separate consultation on legal qualification. A surprise only exists when the tribunal relies on a legal ground that the parties could not reasonably expect. Here, the clause had been expressly discussed.