Key legal question
Whether the gains from the transfer of the two properties to the daughters constituted taxable income from self-employed real estate dealing.
Extracted holding
No. The taxpayers were not acting as professional real estate dealers; the transfers were intra-family advance inheritances and did not amount to participation in the economic market.
Extracted reasoning
The court found no systematic, profit-oriented property dealing. The taxpayers mainly held and managed their own assets, the number of transactions was limited, the financing pattern was not decisive, and the family transfers could also have been structured as gifts. Berufsnähe and past activity were insufficient to convert the entire real estate portfolio into business assets.