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Jurisdiction over divorce in mixed marriage

BGE 1 I 543Federal Supreme Court Official Reports (BGE) / Band INov 18, 1875Inadmissible

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Omnilex summary

A Catholic wife filed for divorce against her Protestant husband in the Federal Court, invoking their mixed marriage and his alleged desertion and adultery. The Court held that it was not the proper forum. In Aargau, mixed marriages are civilly separated for both spouses, while only the Protestant spouse may remarry; this does not confer federal jurisdiction. The action had to be brought before the competent Aargau district court in Zofingen.

Omnilex headnote

Art. 1, 2 and 5 of the Federal Act of 3 December 1850 on mixed marriages; jurisdiction in divorce actions involving mixed-confession spouses. The Federal Court is competent only where the spouses are subject to a status regime that excludes cantonal adjudication under the applicable federal rules. Where cantonal law continues to govern the divorce and merely differentiates between the civil consequences for the Protestant and Catholic spouse, jurisdiction remains with the cantonal courts. The federal legislation does not preclude cantonal provisions reserving to the Catholic spouse the restriction on remarriage after dissolution of the marriage bond (consid. 3-5).

Full text

VII. Gemischte Ehen. No 151.

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  4. ad rt. 1 unb 2 begnad tragggefeljeg )om 3. e. btUar 1862 u bem munbeggefc e )om3. :Ilenember 1850 über gemifd te t)en get)öti bie Strage auf Sd eibung einer gemifd ten e )or ben bütgedid en mid ter unb finb ar6 3uftänbig biejenigen fantonalen erid te erffärt, beren .surigbittion in Statugfragen ber t)emann unier 1.)orfen tft. ur 1.)enn bie 9e1eute )er fd iebener Stonfeffion unter einer )om rt. 1 a'b 1.)eid enben e tid tgbatfeit ober unter einer bie gänöHd e 1)efd eibnng aug fd Heuenben efeMe'bung ftet)en, ift bie Stfage beim munbe6 gerid te an15ubtingeit.
  5. ienad 'biL'oet bie Stomveten15 beg unbeggerid teg bie ug 'nat)me unb tritt biefelbe fih bie Sd eibunggtfage l'aritätifd er gegatten nur 9inftd t1id berjenigen Stantorte ein, in mdd en fcfd e Stragen an fonfeffionerfe erid te gemiefen finb unb -mag ii'brigeng gegen 1.)ärtig nad? rt. 58 ,gemma 2 bet un'oeg )er faifung ein

ig nod inntage fommen fann -'oie t)efd eibung bom manbe nod nid t anettannt tfi.

B. Civilrechtspflege. 3. entere15 ift nun im stanton argau, beffen efenge'6ung ber )emann :Ilätwnler in tatugfragen unterttlorfen tft, nid t ber arr. :Ilenn nad rt. 120 'big 123 beg bodigen '6ürger Hd en efe 'bud eg fann feinem 'begrünbeten 2ttleifel unterliegen, baj3 im stanton argau 'oie gemifd ten f)en 'bürgedid für 'beibe r,egatten un'o tird lid für ben .j.lr.oteftantifd en srr,eil günnnc1 getrennt ttler'oen, tnbem bem .j.ltoteftantifd en l)egatten 'oie ,Wie'oerberef elid ung geitattet tft un'o nur rudftd tlid) beg fatf o lifd en r,egatten bag faframentalifd e lement ber fatr,oIifd)en stird)e gettlar,tt ttlirb. 4. :Ila13 aber aud) bag erttlüf nte munbeggefe bem fitc1 Hd en Eer,r'bcgriffc 'ocr statf)olifen bon ber f)c nid)t borgreifen ttliU, ger,t aug rt. 5 beff eThen f erbor, ttl.onad) eg ber tantonalen efengebung llorbef)attcn tft, bem fatf)olifd en r,egatten aug bem rnnbe beg Ee'beng beg gefd tebenen embern f)egatten bie 'wiebcrlleref)elid ung öu unterfagen. 5. :Ilemnad) f)at bie 'stlägerin if)te f)eid)eibunggtrage ntd t 'beim munbeggerid te, f.on'ecrn bei 'eem aargauifd en me3hfggetid te 20fingen anöubtingen. :Ilemnacl) f)at bag munbeggerid)t befd loffen: uf bie borliegen'ee d ei'eunggnage ttlh'e ttlegen 3nfoml'etenö; beg munbeggetid teg nid t eingetreten. VIII. Heimatblosigkeit. -Heimatbiosat. 152. Arret du 29 i.anvier 1875, dans la cauSß Nidegger. Est introduite la cause entre l'Etat de Fribourg recourant d'une part, et 1a Confederation, ainsi que l'Etat du Valais, appele en cause, d'autre part, touchant l'admission au droit de bourgeoisie de .lean Nidegger, a Fribourg, ainsi que de la descendance provenant de son mariage avec Marguerite- Agnt3S nee Cottet, et comprenant :

Keywords

mixed marriagedivorcejurisdictionconfessional differencecantonal competenceremarriage restriction

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Key legal questions extracted by Omnilex

Key legal question

Whether the Federal Court has jurisdiction over a divorce action in a mixed marriage under Aargau law.

Extracted holding

The Federal Court lacks jurisdiction; the divorce action must be brought before the competent Aargau cantonal court.

Extracted reasoning

Under the federal mixed-marriages legislation, jurisdiction lies with the cantonal courts whose status jurisdiction would otherwise apply to the husband. Aargau law does not create a federal forum merely because it treats the spouses differently: civil separation exists for both spouses, while only the Protestant spouse may remarry. The federal statute does not override the cantonal legislature's reservation to restrict remarrying for the Catholic spouse.

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