Parris v. Garland et al

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
JDDL
JL
WO
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA
Marlon Garth Anthony Parris,
Petitioner,
v.
Merrick Garland, et al.,
Respondents.
No. CV-25-03186-PHX-JAT (JZB)
ORDER
On August 29, 2025, Petitioner Marlon Garth Anthony Parris, by and through Aria
Janai Woods as Petitioner’s purported “next friend,” filed a pro se Petition Under 28 U.S.C.
§ 2254 for a Writ of Habeas Corpus. Petitioner is an immigration detainee who previously
was detained in the custody of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) at the
Florence Correctional Center. Petitioner did not pay the $5.00 filing fee or file an
Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis. In a September 29, 2025 Order, the Court noted
that Petitioner appeared to have been released from ICE custody but gave him 30 days to
pay the filing fee or file an Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis. (Doc. 3 at 1.) The
Court dismissed the Petition because it was not filed on a court-approved form for a petition
pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241 and gave Petitioner 30 days to file an amended petition using
the court-approved form included with the Order. (Id. at 2.) Finally, the Court noted that
although a person may apply for a writ of habeas corpus on behalf of another person, “‘next
friend’ standing is by no means granted automatically to whomever seeks to pursue an
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 1 of 18

- 2 -
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
JDDL
action on behalf of another.” (Id. at 1 n.1) (quoting Whitmore v. Arkansas, 495 U.S. 149,
163 (1990)).
On October 27, 2025, Petitioner, through Ms. Woods, filed an Application to
Proceed In Forma Pauperis (Doc. 4). The Court will deny the Application to Proceed In
Forma Pauperis and will give Petitioner 30 days to pay the filing fee or file a complete
Application to Proceed. In addition, although Petitioner has not requested an extension of
time, the Court, in its discretion, will grant Petitioner 30 days to file an amended § 2241
petition in compliance with the September 29, 2025 Order.
I. Next Friend Status
“In order to establish next-friend standing, the putative next friend must show: (1)
that the petitioner is unable to litigate his own cause due to mental incapacity, lack of access
to court, or other similar disability; and (2) the next friend has some significant relationship
with, and is truly dedicated to the best interests of, the petitioner.” Coalition of Clergy v.
Bush, 310 F.3d 1153, 1159–60 (9th Cir. 2002) (quoting Massie ex rel. Kroll v. Woodford,
244 F.3d 1192, 1194 (9th Cir. 2001)). “[R]equiring a showing of incompetency and a
‘significant relationship’ ensures that ‘the litigant asserting only a generalized interest in
constitutional governance’ does not ‘circumvent the jurisdictional limits of Article III
simply by assuming the mantle of next friend.’” Id. (quoting Whitmore, 495 U.S. at 164).
Ms. Woods has neither properly sought nor shown she is entitled to next friend
standing. Ms. Woods therefore may not file any additional documents as Petitioner’s “next
friend.” Any additional documents in this case must be signed and filed by Petitioner.
II. Deficient Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis
Rule 3.5(c) of the Local Rules of Civil Procedure requires that “[i]f a habeas corpus
petitioner desires to prosecute the petition in forma pauperis, the petitioner shall file an
application to proceed in forma pauperis on a form approved by the Court, accompanied
by a certification of the warden or other appropriate officer of the institution in which the
petitioner is confined as to the amount of money or securities on deposit to the petitioner’s
credit.” Rule 3.5(c) also requires payment of the $5.00 filing fee if a petitioner has in
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 2 of 18

- 3 -
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
JDDL
excess of $25.00 in his inmate account.
Although Petitioner has used the court-approved form, the “Certificate of
Correctional Official as to Status of Applicant’s Trust Account” section has not been
completed. In light of this deficiency, the Court will deny the Application to Proceed In
Forma Pauperis and will give Petitioner 30 days to either pay the $5.00 filing fee or submit
a complete Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis.
III. Warnings
A. Address Changes
Petitioner must file and serve a notice of a change of address in accordance with
Rule 83.3(d) of the Local Rules of Civil Procedure. Petitioner must not include a motion
for other relief with a notice of change of address. Failure to comply may result in dismissal
of this action.
B. Possible Dismissal
If Petitioner fails to timely comply with every provision of this Order, including
these warnings, the Court may dismiss this action without further notice. See Ferdik v.
Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1260-61 (9th Cir. 1992) (a district court may dismiss an action
for failure to comply with any order of the Court).
IT IS ORDERED:
(1) Aria Janai Woods’s next friend standing is denied. Ms. Woods may not file
any additional documents as Petitioner’s “next friend.” Any additional documents in this
action must be signed and filed by Petitioner.
(2) Petitioner’s Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis (Doc. 4) is denied
without prejudice.
(3) Within 30 days of the date this Order is filed, Petitioner must either pay the
$5.00 filing fee or file a complete Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis.
(4) If Petitioner fails to either pay the $5.00 filing fee or file a complete
Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis within 30 days, the Clerk of Court must enter a
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 3 of 18

- 4 -
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
JDDL
judgment of dismissal of this action without prejudice and without further notice to
Petitioner and deny any pending unrelated motions as moot.
(5) Petitioner has 30 days from the date of filing of this Order to file an amended
§ 2241 petition in compliance with the September 29, 2025 Order.
(6) If Petitioner fails to file an amended petition within 30 days, the Clerk of
Court must enter a judgment of dismissal of this action, without prejudice and without
further notice to Petitioner and deny any pending unrelated motions as moot.
(7) The Clerk of Court must mail Petitioner a court-approved form for filing a
“Petition Under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 For A Writ Of Habeas Corpus By A Person In Federal
Custody” and the current court-approved form for filing an Application to Proceed In
Forma Pauperis (Habeas).
Dated this 5th day of November, 2025.
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 4 of 18

Revised 3/15/16 	1
Instructions for Filing a Petition Under 28 U.S.C. § 2241
for Writ of Habeas Corpus by a Person in Federal Custody
in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona
1. 	Who May Use This Form. 	If you are detained in Arizona, you may use this form to
challenge your detention by federal immigration authorities or to challenge the execution of your
federal sentence by the United States Bureau of Prisons. 	You are asking for release or earlier
release on the grounds that your detention or future detention violates the United States
Constitution or other federal law. You should not use this form to challenge a state or federal
judgment of conviction or sentence. 	If you are challenging a conviction or sentence entered
against you by a state court, you should file a petition under 28 U.S.C. § 2254 for writ of habeas
corpus by a person in state custody. If you are challenging a judgment of conviction or sentence
entered by a federal court, you should file a motion under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 to vacate sentence in
the federal court that entered the judgment. Any claim that may be brought or has already been
brought in a motion under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 may not be brought using this form unless it appears
that the § 2255 motion is inadequate or ineffective to test the legality of your detention. 	This
form should not be used in death penalty cases. 	If you were sentenced to death, you are
entitled to the assistance of counsel and you should request the appointment of counsel.
2. 	The Form. 	Local Rule of Civil Procedure (LRCiv) 3.5(a) provides that habeas corpus
petitions must be filed on the court-approved form. 	The form must be typed or neatly
handwritten. 	All questions must be answered clearly and concisely in the appropriate space on
the form. If needed, you may attach additional pages. The form, however, must be completely
filled in to the extent applicable. 	You do not need to cite law. 	If you want to file a brief or
arguments, you must attach a separate memorandum.
3. 	Your Signature. You must tell the truth and sign the form. If you make a false statement of a
material fact, you may be prosecuted for perjury.
4. 	The Filing Fee. The filing fee for this action is $5.00. If you are unable to pay the filing fee,
you may request permission to proceed in forma pauperis by completing and signing the
Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis provided with the petition form. 	You must have an
official at the prison or jail complete the certificate at the bottom of the application form. If the
amount of money in your account exceeds $25.00, you must pay the $5.00 filing fee. 	LRCiv
3.5(b).
5. 	Original and Judge’s Copy. You must send an original plus one copy of your petition and
of any other document submitted to the Court. You must send one additional copy to the Court
if you wish to have a file-stamped copy of the document returned to you. 	All copies must be
identical to the original. Copies may be legibly handwritten.
6. 	Where to File. You should file your petition in the division where you are detained. See
LRCiv 5.1(a). If you are detained in Maricopa, Pinal, Yuma, La Paz, or Gila County, you should
file your petition in the Phoenix Division. 	If you are detained in Apache, Navajo, Coconino,
Mohave, or Yavapai County, you should file your petition in the Prescott Division. 	If you are
detained in Pima, Cochise, Santa Cruz, Graham, or Greenlee County, you should file your
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 5 of 18

2
petition in the Tucson Division. See LRCiv 5.1(b) and 77.1(a). Mail the original and one copy
of your petition with the $5.00 filing fee or the application to proceed in forma pauperis to:
Phoenix & Prescott Divisions: 	OR 	Tucson Division:
U.S. District Court Clerk 	U.S. District Court Clerk
U.S. Courthouse, Suite 130 	U.S. Courthouse, Suite 1500
401 West Washington Street, SPC 10 	405 West Congress Street
Phoenix, Arizona 85003-2119 	Tucson, Arizona 85701-5010
7. 	Change of Address. 	You must immediately notify the Court and respondents in writing of
any change in your mailing address. 	Failure to notify the Court of any change in your
mailing address may result in the dismissal of your case.
8. 	Certificate of Service. You must provide the respondents with a copy of any document you
submit to the Court (except the initial petition and application to proceed in forma pauperis).
Each original document (except the initial petition and application to proceed in forma pauperis)
must include a certificate of service on the last page of the document stating the date a copy of
the document was mailed to the respondents and the address to which it was mailed. 	Fed. R.
Civ. P. 5(a), (d). 	Any document received by the Court that does not include a certificate of
service may be stricken. A certificate of service should be in the following form:
I hereby certify that a copy of the foregoing document was mailed
this 	(month, day, year) to:
Name:
Address:
Attorney for Respondent(s)
(Signature)
9. Amended Petition. 	If you need to change any of the information in the initial petition, you
must file an amended petition. 	The amended petition must be written on the court-approved
petition for writ of habeas corpus form. 	You may amend your pleading once without leave
(permission) of Court within 21 days after serving it or within 21 days after any respondent has
filed an answer, whichever is earlier. 	See Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a). 	Thereafter, you must file a
motion for leave to amend and lodge (submit) a proposed amended petition. 	LRCiv 15.1. 	An
amended petition may not incorporate by reference any part of your prior petition. 	LRCiv
15.1(a)(2). Any grounds not included in the amended petition are considered dismissed.
10. Exhibits. If available, you should attach a copy of all federal court and administrative written
decisions regarding the detention you are challenging. You should not submit any other exhibits
with the petition. Instead, the relevant information should be paraphrased in the petition.
11. Letters and Motions. It is generally inappropriate to write a letter to any judge or the staff of
any judge. 	The only appropriate way to communicate with the Court is by filing a written
pleading or motion.
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 6 of 18

3
12. Exhaustion. 	In order to proceed with this petition in federal court, you ordinarily must
exhaust any administrative remedies available to you. If you did not fairly present each of your
grounds to the appropriate administrative agencies, your petition may be dismissed.
FINAL NOTE
You should follow these instructions carefully. 	Failure to do so may result in your
petition being stricken or dismissed by the Court. 	All questions must be answered concisely in
the proper space on the form. If you need more space, you may attach additional pages. But the
form must be completely filled in to the extent applicable. If you attach additional pages, be sure
to identify which section of the petition is being continued and number all pages.
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 7 of 18

Revised 3/15/16 	1 	530
___________________________________________
Name and Prisoner Number/Alien Registration Number
___________________________________________
Place of Confinement
___________________________________________
Mailing Address
___________________________________________
City, State, Zip Code
(Failure to notify the Court of your change of address may result in dismissal of this action.)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA
_______________________________________ ,
(Full Name of Petitioner)
Petitioner,
v.
_______________________________________ ,
(Name of Warden, Jailor or authorized person
having custody of Petitioner)
Respondent.
CASE NO. __________________________________
(To be supplied by the Clerk)
PETITION UNDER 28 U.S.C. § 2241
FOR A WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS
BY A PERSON IN FEDERAL CUSTODY
PETITION
1. 	What are you challenging in this petition?
G 	Immigration detention
G 	Bureau of Prisons sentence calculation or loss of good-time credits
G 	Probation, parole or supervised release
G 	Other (explain):
2. 	(a) Name and location of the agency or court that made the decision you are challenging:
(b) Case or opinion number:
(c) Decision made by the agency or court:
(d) Date of the decision:
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 8 of 18

2
3. 	Did you appeal the decision to a higher agency or court? 	Yes G 	No G
If yes, answer the following:
(a) First appeal:
(1) Name of the agency or court:
(2) Date you filed:
(3) Opinion or case number:
(4) Result:
(5) Date of result:
(6) Issues raised:
Attach, if available, a copy of any brief filed on your behalf and a copy of the decision.
(b) Second appeal:
(1) Name of the agency or court:
(2) Date you filed:
(3) Opinion or case number:
(4) Result:
(5) Date of result:
(6) Issues raised:
Attach, if available, a copy of any brief filed on your behalf and a copy of the decision.
(c) Third appeal:
(1) Name of the agency or court:
(2) Date you filed:
(3) Opinion or case number:
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 9 of 18

3
(4) Result:
(5) Date of result:
(6) Issues raised:
Attach, if available, a copy of any brief filed on your behalf and a copy of the decision.
4. 	If you did not appeal the decision to a higher agency or court, explain why you did not:
5. 	Other than the appeals listed above, have you filed any other petitions, applications or motions concerning
the issues raised in this petition? 	Yes G 	No G
If yes, answer the following:
(a) Name of the agency or court:
(b) Date you filed:
(c) Opinion or case number:
(d) Result:
(e) Date of result:
(f) Issues raised:
Attach, if available, a copy of any brief filed on your behalf and a copy of the decision.
6. 	For this petition, state every ground on which you claim that you are being held in violation of the
Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States. 	Attach additional pages if you have more than four
grounds. State the facts supporting each ground.
CAUTION: 	To proceed in the federal court, you must ordinarily first exhaust (use up) your available
administrative remedies on each ground on which you request action by the federal court.
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 10 of 18

4
GROUND ONE:
(a) Supporting FACTS (Do not argue or cite law. Just state the specific facts that support your claim.):
(b) Did you exhaust all available administrative remedies relating to Ground One? 	Yes G 	No G
(c) If yes, did you present the issue to:
G The Board of Immigration Appeals
G The Office of General Counsel
G The Parole Commission
G Other:
(d) If you did not exhaust all available administrative remedies relating to Ground One, explain why:
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 11 of 18

5
GROUND TWO:
(a) Supporting FACTS (Do not argue or cite law. Just state the specific facts that support your claim.):
(b) Did you exhaust all available administrative remedies relating to Ground Two? 	Yes G 	No G
(c) If yes, did you present the issue to:
G The Board of Immigration Appeals
G The Office of General Counsel
G The Parole Commission
G Other:
(d) If you did not exhaust all available administrative remedies relating to Ground Two, explain why:
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 12 of 18

6
GROUND THREE:
(a) Supporting FACTS (Do not argue or cite law. Just state the specific facts that support your claim.):
(b) Did you exhaust all available administrative remedies relating to Ground Three? Yes G 	No G
(c) If yes, did you present the issue to:
G The Board of Immigration Appeals
G The Office of General Counsel
G The Parole Commission
G Other:
(d) If you did not exhaust all available administrative remedies relating to Ground Three, explain why:
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 13 of 18

7
GROUND FOUR:
(a) Supporting FACTS (Do not argue or cite law. Just state the specific facts that support your claim.):
(b) Did you exhaust all available administrative remedies relating to Ground Four? 	Yes G 	No G
(c) If yes, did you present the issue to:
G The Board of Immigration Appeals
G The Office of General Counsel
G The Parole Commission
G Other:
(d) If you did not exhaust all available administrative remedies relating to Ground Four, explain why:
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 14 of 18

8
Please answer these additional questions about this petition:
7. 	Are you challenging your conviction or sentence in any of the grounds raised above? Yes G 	No G
(Claims challenging a federal conviction or sentence may only be raised in a motion under 28 U.S.C. § 2255,
unless the § 2255 motion is legally inadequate or ineffective.)
If yes, answer the following:
(a) 	Have you filed a motion under 28 U.S.C. § 2255? 	Yes G 	No G
If yes, answer the following:
(1) Name of court:
(2) Case number:
(3) Opinion or case number:
(4) Result:
(5) Date of result:
(6) Issues raised:
Attach, if available, a copy of any brief filed on your behalf and a copy of the decision.
(b) 	Explain why the remedy under § 2255 is inadequate or ineffective:
8. 	If this case concerns immigration removal proceedings, answer the following:
(a) 	Date you were taken into immigration custody:
(b) 	Date of removal or reinstatement order:
(c) 	Did you file an appeal with the Board of Immigration Appeals? 	Yes G 	No 	G
(1) Date you filed:
(2) Case number:
(3) Result:
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 15 of 18

9
(4) Date of result:
(5) Issues raised:
Attach, if available, a copy of any brief filed on your behalf and a copy of the decision.
(d) 	Did you file an appeal with the federal court of appeals? 	Yes G 	No 	G
(1) Name of the court:
(2) Date you filed:
(3) Case number:
(4) Result:
(5) Date of result:
(6) Issues raised:
Attach, if available, a copy of any brief filed on your behalf and a copy of the decision.
9. 	Petitioner asks that the Court grant the following relief:
or any other relief to which Petitioner may be entitled. 	(Money damages are not available in habeas corpus
cases.)
I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct and that this Petition for Writ of
Habeas Corpus was placed in the prison mailing system on 	(month, day, year).
__________________________________
Signature of Petitioner
___________________________________ 	________________________________
Signature of attorney, if any 	Date
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 16 of 18

Revised 3/15/16 	1
___________________________________________
Name and Prisoner/Booking Number
___________________________________________
Place of Confinement
___________________________________________
Mailing Address
___________________________________________
City, State, Zip Code
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA
_______________________________________ ,
Petitioner,
v.
_______________________________________ ,
Respondent(s).
CASE NO. __________________________________
APPLICATION TO PROCEED
IN FORMA PAUPERIS
BY A PRISONER
(HABEAS)
I, 	, declare, in support of my request to proceed in the
above entitled case without prepayment of fees under 28 U.S.C. § 1915, that I am unable to pay the fees for
these proceedings or to give security therefor and that I believe I am entitled to relief.
In support of this application, I answer the following questions under penalty of perjury:
1. 	Are you currently employed at the institution where you are confined? 	GYes 	GNo
If “Yes,” state the amount of your pay and where you work.
2. 	Do you receive any other payments from the institution where you are confined? 	GYes 	GNo
If “Yes,” state the source and amount of the payments.
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 17 of 18

2
3. 	Do you have any other sources of income, savings, or assets either inside or outside of the institution
where you are confined? 	GYes 	GNo
If “Yes,” state the sources and amounts of the income, savings, or assets.
I declare under penalty of perjury that the above information is true and correct.
__________________________ 	_________________________________________
DATE 	SIGNATURE OF APPLICANT
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTIONAL OFFICIAL
AS TO STATUS OF APPLICANT=S TRUST ACCOUNT
I, 	, certify that as of the date applicant signed this application:
(Printed name of official)
The applicant’s trust account balance at this institution is: 	$ 	.
DATE 	AUTHORIZED SIGNATURE 	TITLE/ID NUMBER 	INSTITUTION
Case 2:25-cv-03186-JAT--JZB Document 5 Filed 11/05/25 Page 18 of 18