Julio Benjamin Gonzalez-Pena v. MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney General

NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
JULIO BENJAMIN GONZALEZ-PENA,
Petitioner,
v.
MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney
General,
Respondent.
No. 22-1303
Agency No. A87-629-112
MEMORANDUM*
On Petition for Review of an Order of the
Board of Immigration Appeals
Argued and Submitted February 13, 2024
Submission Vacated February 14, 2024
Resubmitted April 10, 2024
Pasadena, California
Before: W. FLETCHER, NGUYEN, and LEE, Circuit Judges.
Petitioner Julio Benjamin Gonzalez-Pena petitions for review of an order by
the Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) dismissing his appeal from the denial
of his claims for withholding of removal and protection under the Convention
FILED
APR 10 2024
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

-- 1 of 3 --

Against Torture (“CAT”). We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We deny
the petition.
Gonzalez-Pena argues that a regulation barring asylum claims by non-
citizens who are subject to reinstated removal orders conflicts with his rights under
the asylum statute and his right to due process under the constitution. We have
rejected the claim that this regulation is inconsistent with the asylum statute.
Perez-Guzman v. Lynch, 835 F.3d 1066, 1082 (9th Cir. 2016). We have also held
that the “[r]einstatement of a prior removal order—regardless of the process
afforded in the underlying order—does not offend due process.” Morales-
Izquierdo v. Gonzales, 486 F.3d 484, 497 (9th Cir. 2007) (en banc). Because
Gonzalez-Pena’s 2009 and 2010 removal orders have not been “invalidated on
constitutional grounds,” the reinstatement of those orders and Gonzalez-Pena’s
placement in withholding-only proceedings did not violate his due process rights.
See Villa-Anguiano v. Holder, 727 F.3d 873, 879 (9th Cir. 2013).
Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s conclusion that Gonzalez-Pena did
not show past persecution. Gonzalez-Pena was not personally subject to violence
in El Salvador. He points instead to threats he experienced and the killing of his
older cousin by MS-13 gang members. But the threats he describes were not as
severe as those we have found sufficient to demonstrate past persecution when
2

-- 2 of 3 --

those threats were made in conjunction with violence to a petitioner’s family
member or members. See, e.g., Lim v. I.N.S., 224 F.3d 929, 936 (9th Cir. 2000)
(“repeated and especially menacing death threats can constitute a primary part of a
past persecution claim,” especially when combined with “attack[s] on family” or
other mistreatment). Moreover, the BIA correctly noted that Gonzalez-Pena’s
remaining family in El Salvador has not been physically harmed.
This evidence does not “compel[] the conclusion” that Gonzalez-Pena
experienced past persecution or that it is more likely than not that he would be
persecuted in the future if removed to El Salvador. Cordon-Garcia v. I.N.S., 204
F.3d 985, 990 (9th Cir. 2000); see also Sanjaa v. Sessions, 863 F.3d 1161, 1164
(9th Cir. 2017). For the same reason, the evidence does not compel the conclusion
that it is more likely than not that Gonzalez-Pena would be subject to torture in El
Salvador. See Plancarte Sauceda v. Garland, 23 F.4th 824, 834 (9th Cir. 2022).
The BIA therefore did not err in denying Gonzalez-Pena’s claims for withholding
of removal and CAT relief.
PETITION DENIED.
3

-- 3 of 3 --