01-3184•02a0138p.06
6WDSOHWRQY:ROIH 1R
,,,
)RU WKHVH UHDVRQV ZH 5(9(56( WKH MXGJPHQW RI WKH
GLVWULFW FRXUW DQG 5(0$1' WKH FDVH ZLWK LQVWUXFWLRQV WR
LVVXHDZULWRIKDEHDVFRUSXVXQOHVV6WDSOHWRQLVJUDQWHGD
QHZWULDOZLWKLQDWLPHWREHIL[HGE\WKHGLVWULFWFRXUW
5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21
3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH
(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21 )(' $SS 3 WK &LU
)LOH 1DPH DS
81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6
)257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
3(7(5 0 67$3/(721
3HWLWLRQHU$SSHOODQW
Y
-())5(< $ :2/)(:DUGHQ
5HVSRQGHQW$SSHOOHH
;!
1
1R
$SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW
IRUWKH6RXWKHUQ'LVWULFWRI2KLRDW&ROXPEXV
1R²-DPHV/*UDKDP'LVWULFW-XGJH
$UJXHG0DUFK
'HFLGHGDQG)LOHG$SULO
%HIRUH0$57,1&KLHI&LUFXLW-XGJH%2**6DQG
'$8*+75(<&LUFXLW-XGJHV
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
&2816(/
$5*8(' 7KHUHVD * +DLUH 38%/,& '()(1'(5¶6
2)),&( 2+,2 38%/,& '()(1'(5 &200,66,21
&ROXPEXV 2KLR IRU $SSHOODQW 0DUN -RVHSK =HPED
2)),&( 2) 7+( $77251(< *(1(5$/ 2) 2+,2
&OHYHODQG 2KLR IRU $SSHOOHH 21 %5,() 7KHUHVD *
+DLUH 38%/,& '()(1'(5¶6 2)),&( 2+,2 38%/,&
'()(1'(5 &200,66,21 &ROXPEXV 2KLR IRU
-- 1 of 4 --
6WDSOHWRQY:ROIH 1R
$SSHOODQW 0DUN -RVHSK =HPED 2)),&( 2) 7+(
$77251(< *(1(5$/ 2) 2+,2 &OHYHODQG 2KLR IRU
$SSHOOHH
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
23,1,21
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%2<&()0$57,1-5&KLHI&LUFXLW-XGJH3HWHU0
6WDSOHWRQDQ2KLRVWDWHSULVRQHUILOHGDSHWLWLRQLQWKHGLVWULFW
FRXUWIRUDZULWRIKDEHDVFRUSXVEDVHGRQWKHGHWHUPLQDWLRQ
E\WKH2KLR&RXUWRI$SSHDOVWKDWWKHLPSURSHUDGPLVVLRQRI
DQRQWHVWLI\LQJDFFRPSOLFH¶VVWDWHPHQWVZDVKDUPOHVVHUURU
7KH GLVWULFW FRXUW GHQLHG 6WDSOHWRQ¶V SHWLWLRQ EXW LVVXHG D
FHUWLILFDWHRIDSSHDODELOLW\%HFDXVHWKHGHFLVLRQRIWKH2KLR
&RXUWRI$SSHDOVLVFRQWUDU\WRIHGHUDOODZFOHDUO\HVWDEOLVKHG
LQ$UL]RQDY)XOPLQDQWH866&W
/(GG ZH5(9(56(WKHGLVWULFWFRXUW
,
2Q'HFHPEHUWKHKRPHVRI-DPHV'LVKRQDQG
0DUF+HQHU\ZHUHEXUJODUL]HG6WDSOHWRQ'DQQ\)RUHPDQ
DQG 5\DQ 6WXGHU ZHUH LPSOLFDWHG LQ WKH FULPHV 2Q
-DQXDU\DQ2KLRJUDQGMXU\LQGLFWHG6WDSOHWRQRQ
WZRFRXQWVRIEXUJODU\DQGWZRFRXQWVRIWKHIWHDFKZLWKD
ILUHDUPVSHFLILFDWLRQ
%HIRUH6WDSOHWRQ¶VWULDO6WXGHUVSRNHZLWKWKHSROLFHRQ
WZRVHSDUDWHRFFDVLRQVRQ-DQXDU\EHIRUH6WXGHU¶V
RZQEXUJODU\FRQYLFWLRQDQGRQ0D\DIWHUKLVSOHD
DQGFRQYLFWLRQ2QWKHILUVWRFFDVLRQ6WXGHUVWDWHGWKDWKH
GURYHWRWKH+HQHU\KRXVHZLWK6WDSOHWRQDQG)RUHPDQEXW
UHPDLQHGLQWKHFDUZKLOH6WDSOHWRQDQG)RUHPDQEXUJODUL]HG
WKHKRXVH$WWKDWWLPHKHGHQLHGLQYROYHPHQWLQWKH'LVKRQ
EXUJODU\VXJJHVWLQJWKDW6WDSOHWRQDQG)RUHPDQEXUJODUL]HG
WKH 'LVKRQ UHVLGHQFH DIWHU KH ZHQW KRPH 2Q WKH VHFRQG
RFFDVLRQ6WXGHUDFNQRZOHGJHGHQWHULQJWKH'LVKRQUHVLGHQFH
DQGHYHQWXDOO\DGPLWWHGUHPRYLQJDJXQIURPWKHKRXVH7KH
SROLFHUHFRUGHGERWKFRQYHUVDWLRQV
1R 6WDSOHWRQY:ROIH
VWDWHPHQWVZHUHFXPXODWLYHLVWKHUHIRUHWKHSLYRWDOIDFWRULQ
RXUDQDO\VLVRI6WDSOHWRQ¶VFODLP
7KH 2KLR &RXUW RI $SSHDOV GHWHUPLQHG WKDW 6WXGHU¶V
VWDWHPHQWV ZHUH FXPXODWLYH 7KDW GHWHUPLQDWLRQ UXQV
FRQWUDU\WRIHGHUDOODZFOHDUO\HVWDEOLVKHGE\WKH6XSUHPH
&RXUW¶VLQ$UL]RQDY)XOPLQDQWH866&W
/(GG
,Q)XOPLQDQWHWKH&RXUWGHWHUPLQHGWKDWWKHDGPLVVLRQRI
WKHGHIHQGDQW¶VFRHUFHGFRQIHVVLRQZDVQRWKDUPOHVVHUURU
,Q UHDFKLQJ WKLV FRQFOXVLRQ WKH &RXUW UHMHFWHG WKH VWDWH¶V
FODLPWKDWEHFDXVHWKHSURVHFXWLRQSUHVHQWHGDVHFRQGXQ
FRHUFHG FRQIHVVLRQ DW WULDO WKH FRHUFHG FRQIHVVLRQ ZDV
FXPXODWLYHHYLGHQFH7KH&RXUWQRWHGWKDW³LWLVFOHDUWKHMXU\
PLJKWKDYHEHOLHYHGWKDWWKHWZRFRQIHVVLRQVUHLQIRUFHGDQG
FRUURERUDWHGHDFKRWKHU´,GDW³)RUWKLVUHDVRQ´WKH
&RXUWIRXQG³RQHFRQIHVVLRQZDVQRWPHUHO\FXPXODWLYHRI
WKHRWKHU´,G
6LPLODUO\KHUH6WDSOHWRQ¶VMXU\FRXOGKDYHEHOLHYHGWKDWWKH
)RUHPDQ¶V VWDWHPHQWV DQG 6WXGHU¶V WDSHG VWDWHPHQWV
³UHLQIRUFHGDQGFRUURERUDWHGHDFKRWKHU´7KDW)XOPLQDQWH
LQYROYHGPXOWLSOHFRQIHVVLRQVDQG6WDSOHWRQ¶VFDVHLQYROYHG
PXOWLSOH DFFRPSOLFH VWDWHPHQWV GRHV QRW PDWHULDOO\
GLVWLQJXLVK KLV FDVH IURP )XOPLQDQWH ,Q ILQGLQJ 6WXGHU¶V
WDSHG VWDWHPHQWV FXPXODWLYH WKH 2KLR &RXUW RI $SSHDOV
FRQIURQWHG D VHW RI IDFWV PDWHULDOO\ LQGLVWLQJXLVKDEOH IURP
WKRVH LQ )XOPLQDQWH EXW QHYHUWKHOHVV DUULYHG DW D UHVXOW
GLIIHUHQW IURP WKH SUHFHGHQW HVWDEOLVKHG LQ )XOPLQDQWH
7KHUHIRUH WKH 2KLR &RXUW RI $SSHDOV UHDFKHG D GHFLVLRQ
FRQWUDU\WRFOHDUO\HVWDEOLVKHGIHGHUDOODZ
+DYLQJGHWHUPLQHGWKDW6WXGHU¶VWDSHGVWDWHPHQWVZHUHQRW
FXPXODWLYH DQG XSRQ FRQVLGHUDWLRQ RI WKH UHPDLQLQJ 9DQ
$UVGDOOIDFWRUVZHILQGWKDWWKHDGPLVVLRQRIWKRVHVWDWHPHQWV
³KDG D VXEVWDQWLDO DQG LQMXULRXV HIIHFW RU LQIOXHQFH LQ
GHWHUPLQLQJWKHMXU\¶VYHUGLFW´7KHUHIRUHWKHWULDOFRXUW¶V
&RQIURQWDWLRQ&ODXVHYLRODWLRQZDVQRWKDUPOHVVHUURU
-- 2 of 4 --
6WDSOHWRQY:ROIH 1R
%
+DYLQJIRXQGD&RQIURQWDWLRQ&ODXVHYLRODWLRQZHWXUQWR
WKHTXHVWLRQRIZKHWKHULQWKHKDEHDVFRQWH[WWKDWYLRODWLRQ
ZDVKDUPOHVVHUURU6HH&KDSPDQY&DOLIRUQLD86
6&W/(GG 6SHFLILFDOO\ZH
WXUQWRZKHWKHUWKHKDUPOHVVHUURUGHWHUPLQDWLRQRIWKH2KLR
&RXUWRI$SSHDOVZDVFRQWUDU\WRFOHDUO\HVWDEOLVKHGIHGHUDO
ODZ6HH86& G
2QFROODWHUDOUHYLHZDQHUURULVGHHPHGKDUPOHVVXQOHVVLW
³KDG D VXEVWDQWLDO DQG LQMXULRXV HIIHFW RU LQIOXHQFH LQ
GHWHUPLQLQJWKHMXU\¶VYHUGLFW´%UHFKWY$EUDKDPVRQ
866&W/(GG VHH
DOVR*LOOLDPY0LWFKHOO)G WK&LU
HQGRUVLQJWKH%UHFKWKDUPOHVVHUURUVWDQGDUGLQFRQIURQWDWLRQ
FODXVHFDVHV ,IKRZHYHU³WKHPDWWHULVVRHYHQO\EDODQFHG´
WKDWWKLV&RXUWKDV³JUDYHGRXEW´DVWRWKHKDUPOHVVQHVVRIWKH
HUURULW³VKRXOGWUHDWWKHHUURUQRWDVLILWZHUHKDUPOHVVEXW
DVLILWDIIHFWHGWKHYHUGLFW LHDVLILWKDGDμVXEVWDQWLDODQG
LQMXULRXV HIIHFW RU LQIOXHQFH LQ GHWHUPLQLQJ WKH MXU\¶V
YHUGLFW¶ ´2QHDOY0F$QQLQFK866&W
/(GG
,QGHWHUPLQLQJZKHWKHUWKHWULDOFRXUW¶VHUURUZDVKDUPOHVV
WKLV&RXUWH[DPLQHVWKHIDFWRUVDUWLFXODWHGLQ'HODZDUHY9DQ
$UVGDOO866&W/(GG
³WKHLPSRUWDQFHRIWKHZLWQHVV¶WHVWLPRQ\LQWKH
SURVHFXWLRQ¶V FDVH´ ³ZKHWKHU WKH WHVWLPRQ\ ZDV
FXPXODWLYH´ ³WKH SUHVHQFH RU DEVHQFH RI HYLGHQFH
FRUURERUDWLQJRUFRQWUDGLFWLQJWKHWHVWLPRQ\RIWKHZLWQHVVRQ
PDWHULDO SRLQWV´ ³WKH H[WHQW RI FURVV H[DPLQDWLRQ
RWKHUZLVH SHUPLWWHG´ DQG ³WKH RYHUDOO VWUHQJWK RI WKH
SURVHFXWLRQ VFDVH´,GDW+HUHDOWKRXJK)RUHPDQ¶V
WHVWLPRQ\FRUURERUDWHGSRUWLRQVRI6WXGHU¶VWDSHGVWDWHPHQWV
WKRVH VWDWHPHQWV ZHUH RI REYLRXV LPSRUWDQFH WR WKH
SURVHFXWLRQ¶VFDVH 0RUHRYHU6WDSOHWRQ¶VFRXQVHOKDGQR
RSSRUWXQLW\ WR FURVV H[DPLQH 6WXGHU GXULQJ KLV SROLFH
LQWHUYLHZVDQGZLWKRXW6WXGHU¶VVWDWHPHQWVWKHSURVHFXWLRQ¶V
FDVH ZDV QRW VWURQJ 7KH TXHVWLRQ RI ZKHWKHU 6WXGHU¶V
1R 6WDSOHWRQY:ROIH
$W6WDSOHWRQ¶VWULDOERWK+HQHU\DQG'LVKRQWHVWLILHGWKDW
WKHLUKRPHVZHUHEXUJODUL]HGEXWQHLWKHUYLFWLPLPSOLFDWHG
6WDSOHWRQLQWKHEXUJODULHV
:KHQWKHSURVHFXWLRQFDOOHG6WXGHUDVDZLWQHVVKHVWDWHG
WKDWKHGLGQRWUHPHPEHUWKHEXUJODULHVDQGFRXOGQRWUHFDOO
PDNLQJDQ\VWDWHPHQWVWRWKHSROLFHFRQFHUQLQJWKHP6WXGHU
DOVR LQGLFDWHG WKDW 6WDSOHWRQ ZDV QRW ZLWK KLP GXULQJ WKH
EXUJODULHV7KHSURVHFXWLRQWKHQVRXJKWWRDGPLWWKHDXGLR
WDSHVRI6WXGHU¶VSULRUFRQYHUVDWLRQV
6WDSOHWRQ¶V FRXQVHO REMHFWHG DUJXLQJ WKDW KH KDG EHHQ
JLYHQ QR RSSRUWXQLW\ WR FURVV H[DPLQH 6WXGHU DQG WKDW QR
FRUURERUDWLQJ FLUFXPVWDQFHV H[LVWHG WR HVWDEOLVK WKH
WUXVWZRUWKLQHVVRI6WXGHU¶VWDSHGVWDWHPHQWV7KHWULDOFRXUW
GHWHUPLQHGWKDW6WXGHUZDVDQXQDYDLODEOHZLWQHVVDQGWKDW
KLV WDSHG VWDWHPHQWV ZHUH DJDLQVW KLV LQWHUHVW EXW GHOD\HG
UXOLQJRQWKHDGPLVVLELOLW\RIWKRVHVWDWHPHQWVXQWLO)RUHPDQ
WHVWLILHG
)RUHPDQWHVWLILHGWKDW6WDSOHWRQKDGGULYHQKLPDQG6WXGHU
WR WKH 'LVKRQ UHVLGHQFH NLFNHG LQ WKH EDFN GRRU DQG
³UDQVDFNHG WKH KRXVH´ )RUHPDQ IXUWKHU WHVWLILHG WKDW
IROORZLQJ WKH 'LVKRQ EXUJODU\ WKH WKUHH EXUJODUL]HG WKH
+HQHU\ UHVLGHQFH +H DOVR SURYLGHG GHWDLOHG WHVWLPRQ\
UHJDUGLQJKRZWKHWKUHHGLVSRVHGRIWKHVWROHQSURSHUW\
$IWHU)RUHPDQWHVWLILHGWKHWULDOFRXUWUXOHGWKDWWKHUHZDV
VXIILFLHQWHYLGHQFHWRFRUURERUDWH6WXGHU¶VWDSHGVWDWHPHQWV
DQGSHUPLWWHGWKHLUDGPLVVLRQLQWRHYLGHQFH7KHMXU\IRXQG
6WDSOHWRQJXLOW\RQDOOFRXQWV
6WDSOHWRQ DSSHDOHG KLV FRQYLFWLRQ WR WKH 2KLR &RXUW RI
$SSHDOVZKLFKDIILUPHGKLVFRQYLFWLRQILQGLQJ³DOWKRXJK
WKHWULDOFRXUWHUUHGLQDGPLWWLQJWDSHVRI6WXGHU¶VLQWHUYLHZV
VXFKHUURUZDVKDUPOHVVDVWKHHYLGHQFHZDVFXPXODWLYH´
6WDSOHWRQWKHQDSSHDOHGWRWKH2KLR6XSUHPH&RXUWZKLFK
GLVPLVVHGKLVDSSHDOZLWKRXWRSLQLRQ
2Q-DQXDU\6WDSOHWRQILOHGDSHWLWLRQIRUDZULWRI
KDEHDVFRUSXV7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWGHQLHG6WDSOHWRQ¶VKDEHDV
-- 3 of 4 --
6WDSOHWRQY:ROIH 1R
FRUSXV SHWLWLRQ EXW JUDQWHG KLV VXEVHTXHQW SHWLWLRQ IRU D
FHUWLILFDWHRIDSSHDODELOLW\6WDSOHWRQDSSHDOHG
,,
7KLV&RXUWUHYLHZVWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW¶VOHJDOFRQFOXVLRQVGH
QRYR%XOOVY-RQHV)G WK&LU 7KH
$QWLWHUURULVP DQG (IIHFWLYH 'HDWK 3HQDOW\ $FW RI
SURKLELWVDIHGHUDOFRXUWUHYLHZLQJDVWDWHFRXUWDGMXGLFDWLRQ
IURP JUDQWLQJ D KDEHDV SHWLWLRQ XQOHVV WKH VWDWH FRXUW
DGMXGLFDWLRQ³UHVXOWHGLQDGHFLVLRQWKDWZDVFRQWUDU\WRRU
LQYROYHGDQXQUHDVRQDEOHDSSOLFDWLRQRIFOHDUO\HVWDEOLVKHG
)HGHUDO ODZ DV GHWHUPLQHG E\ WKH 6XSUHPH &RXUW RI WKH
8QLWHG6WDWHV´86&$ G :HVW ,Q
GHWHUPLQLQJZKHWKHUDGHFLVLRQLV³FRQWUDU\WR´RU³LQYROYHG
DQ XQUHDVRQDEOH DSSOLFDWLRQ RI´ FOHDUO\ HVWDEOLVKHG IHGHUDO
ODZIHGHUDOFRXUWVPD\RQO\ORRNWRWKH³KROGLQJVDVRSSRVHG
WRWKHGLFWDRIWKH6XSUHPH&RXUW VGHFLVLRQVDVRIWKHWLPH
RIWKHUHOHYDQWVWDWHFRXUWGHFLVLRQ´%XOOV)GDW
FLWLQJ:LOOLDPVY7D\ORU866&W
/(GG LQWHUQDOSXQFWXDWLRQRPLWWHG
$VWDWHFRXUWGHFLVLRQLV³FRQWUDU\WR´FOHDUO\HVWDEOLVKHG
IHGHUDOODZ³LIWKHVWDWHFRXUWDSSOLHVDUXOHWKDWFRQWUDGLFWV
WKHJRYHUQLQJODZVHWIRUWKLQ6XSUHPH&RXUWFDVHV´RU³LI
WKH VWDWH FRXUW FRQIURQWV D VHW RI IDFWV WKDW DUH PDWHULDOO\
LQGLVWLQJXLVKDEOH IURP D 6XSUHPH &RXUW GHFLVLRQ DQG
QHYHUWKHOHVVDUULYHVDWDUHVXOWGLIIHUHQWIURP6XSUHPH&RXUW
SUHFHGHQW´,G TXRWLQJ:LOOLDPV86DW
$
%HFDXVHWKH2KLR&RXUWRI$SSHDOVIRXQG6WXGHU¶VWDSHG
VWDWHPHQWVLQDGPLVVLEOHXQGHUWKH2KLR5XOHVRI(YLGHQFHLW
GLG QRW FRQVLGHU ZKHWKHU WKHLU DGPLVVLRQ YLRODWHG WKH
&RQIURQWDWLRQ&ODXVHRIWKH6L[WK$PHQGPHQW:HEULHIO\
DGGUHVVWKDWLVVXHQRZ
7KH 6L[WK $PHQGPHQW SURYLGHV WKDW ³>L@Q DOO FULPLQDO
SURVHFXWLRQV WKH DFFXVHG VKDOO HQMR\ WKH ULJKW WR EH
FRQIURQWHG ZLWK WKH ZLWQHVVHV DJDLQVW KLP´ 86 &2167
1R 6WDSOHWRQY:ROIH
DPHQG 9, 7KDWJXDUDQWHHLQFOXGHVWKHULJKWWRFURVVH[DPLQH
ZLWQHVVHV6HH3RLQWHUY7H[DV866&W
/(GG 6WDWHPHQWVE\DQRQWHVWLI\LQJ
DFFRPSOLFH ³WKDW LPSOLFDWH D GHIHQGDQW DUH SUHVXPSWLYHO\
XQUHOLDEOH DQG WKHLU DGPLVVLRQ YLRODWHV WKH &RQIURQWDWLRQ
&ODXVH´%XOOV)GDW FLWLQJ'RXJODVY$ODEDPD
866&W/(GG VHH
DOVR %UXWRQ Y 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 86 6&W
/(GG 7RRYHUFRPHWKHSUHVXPSWLRQ
RI XQUHOLDELOLW\ DWWDFKHG WR QRQWHVWLI\LQJ DFFRPSOLFH
FRQIHVVLRQV WKH SURVHFXWLRQ PXVW VKRZ WKDW WKH SURIIHUHG
VWDWHPHQWV EHDU ³DGHTXDWH LQGLFLD RI UHOLDELOLW\´ 2KLR Y
5REHUWV866&W/(GG
6WXGHU¶V WDSHG VWDWHPHQWV FRQWDLQ QR VXFK LQGLFLD RI
UHOLDELOLW\ 7KRVH SRUWLRQV RI 6WXGHU¶V VWDWHPHQWV WKDW
LQFXOSDWH6WDSOHWRQGRQRWLQFXOSDWH6WXGHUDQGWHQGWRVKLIW
UHVSRQVLELOLW\ WR 6WDSOHWRQ WKXV WKH UHOHYDQW SRUWLRQV RI
6WXGHU¶V WDSHG VWDWHPHQWV ZHUH QRW DJDLQVW KLV LQWHUHVW
0RUHRYHU 6WXGHU¶V VWDWHPHQWV GLIIHUHG LQ VHYHUDO PDWHULDO
UHVSHFWV IURP )RUHPDQ¶V ³FRUURERUDWLQJ´ WHVWLPRQ\
$FFRUGLQJO\ ZH FRQFOXGH WKDW WKH DGPLVVLRQ RI 6WXGHU¶V
WDSHGVWDWHPHQWVYLRODWHG6WDSOHWRQ¶V&RQIURQWDWLRQ&ODXVH
ULJKWV6HHDOVR/HHY,OOLQRLV86
6&W /(GG QRWLQJ WKDW D FRGHIHQGDQW¶V
VWDWHPHQWVLQFXOSDWLQJWKHGHIHQGDQWFRXOGEHPRWLYDWHGE\
WKHFRGHIHQGDQW¶VLPSXOVH³WRPLWLJDWHWKHDSSHDUDQFHRIKLV
RZQ FXOSDELOLW\ E\ VSUHDGLQJ WKH EODPH´ DQG ILQGLQJ WKDW
³ZKHQ WKH GLVFUHSDQFLHV EHWZHHQ WKH >FRGHIHQGDQW@
VWDWHPHQWV>DQGWKHRVWHQVLEO\FRUURERUDWLQJWHVWLPRQ\@DUH
QRWLQVLJQLILFDQWWKHFRGHIHQGDQW¶VFRQIHVVLRQPD\QRWEH
DGPLWWHG´
-- 4 of 4 --
Conecte o Omnilex para pesquisar o corpus jurídico pelo seu assistente de IA.