Terrance Ross Willaman v. Maurice J. Ferentino

NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
NO. 05-1116
________________
TERRANCE ROSS WILLAMAN,
Appellant
v.
MAURICE J. FERENTINO; MARSHALL J. PICCININI, ASST. D.A.;
JOHN ASHCROFT; OTHERS KNOWN AT THIS TIME
____________________________________
On Appeal From the United States District Court
For the Western District of Pennsylvania
(D.C. Civ. No. 04-cv-00132E)
District Judge: Honorable Maurice B. Cohill, Jr.
_______________________________________
Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
May 27, 2005
BEFORE: ROTH, McKEE and ALDISERT, CIRCUIT JUDGES
(Filed April 5, 2006 )
_______________________
OPINION
_______________________
PER CURIAM

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In October 2004, Willaman was convicted by a jury of unlawful possession of a1
machine gun.
2
Terrance Ross Willaman appeals the District Court’s order dismissing his petition
for declaratory and injunctive relief and denying his motion to convene a grand jury. In
his petition, Willaman sought declaratory and injunctive relief including that the
government be enjoined from prosecuting him. He argued that he had a right to1
possess an unregistered machine gun under the First Amendment, the Religious
Freedom Restoration Act, and the Second Amendment. He further asserted that the
government violated his rights under the Fourth and Fifth Amendments. The appellees
filed a motion to dismiss. On December 20, 2004, the District Court dismissed his
petition for relief for failure to state a claim and denied his motion to convene a grand
jury as moot. Willaman filed a timely notice of appeal, and we have jurisdiction under 28
U.S.C. § 1291. The government has filed a motion for summary affirmance.
We exercise plenary review over the District Court’s order granting appellees’
motion to dismiss. Gallo v. City of Philadelphia, 161 F.3d 217, 221 (3d Cir. 1998).
When reviewing a complaint for failure to state a claim, the Court must accept the
allegations in the complaint as true. Hishon v. King & Spalding, 467 U.S. 69, 73 (1984).
The Court should not dismiss a complaint unless it is clear that no relief could be granted
under any set of facts that could be proved. Id.
On appeal, Willaman raises only his Second Amendment argument and argues that
the District Court decided the case based on bias in favor of the government. Declaratory

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3
relief is not available to attack a criminal conviction. Johnson v. Onion, 761 F.2d 224 (5th
Cir. 1985); Shannon v. Sequeechi, 365 F.2d 827, 829 (10th Cir. 1966) (“The [Declaratory
Judgment] Act does not provide a means whereby previous judgments by state or federal
courts may be reexamined, nor is it a substitute for appeal or post conviction remedies.”).
Willaman has the opportunity to raise his Second Amendment argument in his direct
appeal from his criminal conviction, and we note that he has done so. See United States
v. Willaman, C.A. No. 05-1336. Moreover, Willaman’s claims are not cognizable to the
extent that a favorable resolution of his claims would imply that his conviction is invalid.
Edwards v. Balisok, 520 U.S. 641 (1997); Heck v. Humphrey, 512 U.S. 477, 486-87
(1994). With respect to Willaman’s assertion that the District Court was biased in favor
of the government, we note that he argues that the District Court Judge’s bias “should be
self-evident from his ruling in this action.” Brief at 9. A litigant’s displeasure with the
District Court’s legal rulings is not an adequate basis for recusal. Securacomm
Consulting, Inc. v. Securacom Inc., 224 F.3d 273, 278 (3d Cir. 2000).
For the above reasons, as well as those set forth by the District Court, we will
affirm the District Court’s judgment.

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