Maurice G. Prociuk v. Office of Personnel Management

NOTE: Pursuant to Fed. Cir. R. 47.6, this disposition
is not citable as precedent. It is a public record.
United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
05-3126
MAURICE G. PROCIUK,
Petitioner,
v.
OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT,
Respondent.
___________________________
DECIDED: September 15, 2005
___________________________
Before RADER, FRIEDMAN, and DYK, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
Petitioner Maurice G. Prociuk (“Prociuk”) petitions for review of the final decision
of the Merit Systems Protection Board (“Board”), affirming the determination of the
Office of Personnel Management (“OPM”), that he was not entitled to credit under the
Civil Service Retirement System (“CSRS”) for his Air Force Reserve service from
September 10, 1957, through September 16, 1961.
BACKGROUND
Prociuk served on active duty in the United States Air Force from September 17,
1953, through September 9, 1957. He then served in the Air Force Reserve from
September 10, 1957, through September 16, 1961. On July 6, 1966, Prociuk began
civilian service with the Department of the Navy, and retired from federal civilian service

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on December 3, 1997. For purposes of calculating his CSRS retirement annuity, the
OPM credited Prociuk with his active duty military service performed in the Air Force
from September 17, 1953, through December 31, 1956.1 However, the OPM did not
give Prociuk CSRS credit for the four years he served with the Air Force Reserve.
On December 3, 2001, Prociuk requested that OPM include his years with the Air
Force Reserve as creditable service for CSRS purposes. OPM denied this request.
Prociuk requested reconsideration, but OPM again denied the request, explaining that 5
U.S.C. § 8331(13) defines creditable “military service” for retirement purposes as
“honorable active service . . . in the armed forces,” and Prociuk had failed to show that
“the military service period in question was active duty time.” App. at 27.
Prociuk then appealed to the Board. The Administrative Judge affirmed OPM’s
determination on the ground that service in the reserves was not active service. Prociuk
sought review by the full Board, which was denied, and the Board decision became final
on January 19, 2005.
Prociuk timely filed his petition to this court on May 9, 2005. We have jurisdiction
pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1295(a)(9).
DISCUSSION
The Board’s decision must be affirmed unless it is found to be arbitrary,
capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law; obtained
1 The period from January 1, 1957 through September 9, 1957 is not in dispute
because Prociuk did not make the deposit that 5 U.S.C. § 8332(c)(1) requires for
receiving CSRS credit for periods of military service after December 31, 1956. 5 U.S.C.
§ 8332.
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without procedures required by law, rule or regulation; or unsupported by substantial
evidence. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(c) (2000); Yates v. Merit Sys. Prot. Bd., 145 F.3d 1480, 1483
(Fed. Cir. 1998).
Credit for military service under the CSRS is governed by 5 U.S.C.
§ 8332(c)(1)(A), which provides that creditable service includes credit for “each period
of military service performed before the date of the separation on which the entitlement
to an annuity under this subchapter is based . . . . ” 50 U.S.C. § 8332(c)(1)(A) (2000).
Military service is defined in 5 U.S.C. § 8331(13) as “honorable active service – (A) in
the armed forces; (B) in the Regular or Reserve Corps of the Public Health Service after
June 30, 1960; or (C) as a commissioned officer of the Environmental Science Services
Administration after June 30, 1961,” but does not include service in the reserves.
5 U.S.C. § 8331(13) (2000) (emphasis added). Prociuk has not submitted any evidence
that the years in question were active service, and in fact concedes that none of his time
in the Air Force Reserve was time in which he was active service.
Nevertheless, Prociuk contends that a separate statute, the Universal Military
Training and Service Act (“UMTSA”), applies in this case and requires that he receive
credit for his service in the reserves. Pet. Brief 1, 4-7, 10-12, 18-19. In support of his
argument, Prociuk cites sections 454(d)(3) and 454(e) of UMTSA. Section 454(d)(3)
provides that a person inducted, enlisted, or appointed into the Armed Forces between
June 19, 1951, and August 9, 1955, “shall . . . be transferred to a reserve component . .
. and shall serve therein for the remainder of the period which he is required to serve
under this paragraph . . . . ” 50 App. U.S.C. § 454(d)(3) (2000). Section 454(e)
provides that “persons inducted for . . . service under this title . . . shall be paid, allowed,
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and extended the same pay, allowances, pensions, disability and death compensation,
and other benefits as are provided by law in the case of other enlisted men of like
grades and length of service . . . . “ 50 App. U.S.C. § 454(e) (2000).
Prociuk argues that he was “inducted” for service into the reserves on September
10, 1957, through the operation of section 454(d)(3) of UMTSA, which required him to
serve in the reserves after completing his active service. He concludes that section
454(e) mandates that his reserve service be treated the same as active service. This
position is incorrect. The plain language of section 454(e) simply requires that
individuals inducted into the armed forces receive the same benefits as individuals who
joined the armed forces other than by induction, i.e., by enlisting voluntarily. It does not,
as Prociuk appears to believe, require that time spent in the reserve service be treated
the same as active service for purposes of calculating CSRS benefits. Therefore, the
Board did not err in finding that section 454(e) provides no basis for giving Prociuk
retirement credit for the time he spent in the Air Force Reserves.
We have reviewed Prociuk’s other claims and found them to be without merit.
CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the Board’s decision is affirmed.
COSTS
No costs.
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