Questão jurídica principal
Whether the CAS/TAS was sufficiently independent and impartial to decide appeals involving the CIO
Decisão extraída
The TAS, as restructured after 1994, provides sufficient guarantees of independence and impartiality even when the CIO is a party.
Fundamentação extraída
The CIAS structure, arbitral-list system, recusal rules, and financing do not give the CIO factual control; the tribunal’s practical functioning and external recognition confirm independence.