Questão jurídica principal
Whether the arbitral tribunal violated the parties' right to be heard and the principle of contradiction by relying on an unargued legal theory based on Art. 20 of the contract / Art. 20 CO.
Decisão extraída
Yes. The tribunal founded its award on a legal analysis that was not foreseeable from the parties' submissions and had not been debated, so the award violated Art. 190(2)(d) LDIP.
Fundamentação extraída
Although arbitral tribunals may generally apply the law ex officio, Swiss arbitration law requires a contradictory hearing when the tribunal intends to rely on a legal basis or reasoning that none of the parties invoked and could not reasonably anticipate. Here the tribunal's analogy between an administrative nullity decision and a missing governmental authorization was outside the parties' debated theories.