Questão jurídica principal
Whether the disputed course costs were deductible as professional training or retraining expenses for direct federal tax.
Decisão extraída
The costs were not deductible because they were part of a new education leading to a new professional qualification, not training within the wife's existing occupation as a manager.
Fundamentação extraída
The astrology program led to a diploma and a new advisory profession; the Feng Shui courses were closely linked to that education. No objective and direct link to maintaining the current managerial job was shown, and retraining was also excluded because no qualifying cause for professional reorientation existed.