Schwartz v. Collins

THIS OPINION HAS NO PRECEDENTIAL VALUE. IT SHOULD NOT BE
CITED OR RELIED ON AS PRECEDENT IN ANY PROCEEDING
EXCEPT AS PROVIDED BY RULE 268(d)(2), SCACR.

THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA
In The Court of Appeals

Mireya G. Schwartz and Evan Collins, Appellants,

v.

David W. Collins, Respondent.

Appellate Case No. 2015-000555

Appeal From Dorchester County
William J. Wylie, Jr., Family Court Judge

Unpublished Opinion No. 2017-UP-346
Submitted November 1, 2016 – Filed August 16, 2017

AFFIRMED IN PART, VACATED IN PART, AND
REVERSED IN PART

William J. Clifford, of William J. Clifford, LLC, of
North Charleston, for Appellants.

Christopher David Lizzi, of Lizzi Law Firm, PC, of
North Charleston, for Respondent.

PER CURIAM: Mireya Schwartz and Evan Collins (collectively, Appellants)
appeal the family court's order denying their request for previously incurred
college expenses, student loans, and costs; holding David Collins (Father)
responsible for his share of college expenses beginning with the Spring 2015
semester; and holding the parties responsible for their own attorney's fees.
Appellants argue the family court erred in (1) finding their burden of proof
required a showing that Evan could not attend college without the assistance of his
parents when parental contribution for tuition and books had been reduced to a
final order; (2) holding Father liable for prospective college expenses pursuant to
the parties' property settlement and separation agreement (the Agreement) but not
for the college expenses already incurred because testimony did not adequately
establish the amount of Father's required contribution; and (3) holding the parties
responsible for their own attorney's fees. We affirm in part, vacate in part, and
reverse in part.

Initially, we find the family court improperly considered factors under Risinger.1
The parties previously entered the Agreement concerning payment of their
children's college expenses. Therefore, the Agreement controls this dispute, and
the family court erred in considering the Risinger factors. See Nicholson v.
Nicholson, 378 S.C. 523, 539, 663 S.E.2d 74, 83 (Ct. App. 2008) ("As in Lacke,
this controversy is governed by the Agreement and, thus, the Risinger analysis is
inapplicable."); Lacke v. Lacke, 362 S.C. 302, 313, 608 S.E.2d 147, 153 (Ct. App.
2005) ("Furthermore, this case is governed by the parties' agreement."); id. at 314,
608 S.E.2d at 153 ("Risinger . . . ha[s] no application to situations where a parent
voluntarily binds himself in an agreement to assume a child's college
expenses. When such an agreement exists, the child is under no obligation to
minimize expenses, incur student loans, or apply her own income to pay for
college unless the agreement so provides."). Accordingly, we vacate the family
court's findings with respect to the Risinger factors.

Next, we find the family court erred by denying Appellants' request for
contribution toward all of Evan's college expenses pursuant to the Agreement. The
Agreement was unambiguous and required Father "to be responsible for [one-half]
of the tuition and books for all three children. [Father's] responsibility will not
exceed the cost of a student attending the University of South Carolina [(USC)]."

1
See Risinger v. Risinger, 273 S.C. 36, 39, 253 S.E.2d 652, 653–54 (1979) ("[The]
family court . . . may require a parent to contribute that amount of money
necessary to enable a child over 18 to attend high school and four years of college,
where . . . there is evidence that: (1) the characteristics of the child indicate that he
or she will benefit from college; (2) the child demonstrates the ability to do well, or
at least make satisfactory grades; (3) the child cannot otherwise go to school; and
(4) the parent has the financial ability to help pay for such an education.").
See Nicholson, 378 S.C. at 532, 663 S.E.2d at 79 ("In South Carolina, the
construction of a separation agreement is a matter of contract law." (quoting Davis
v. Davis, 372 S.C. 64, 75, 641 S.E.2d 446, 451 (Ct. App. 2006))); Heins v. Heins,
344 S.C. 146, 158, 543 S.E.2d 224, 230 (Ct. App. 2001) ("Unambiguous marital
agreements will be enforced according to their terms."). Thus, Father is
responsible for one-half of all of Evan's college tuition and books not to exceed the
cost of a student attending USC, and the family court erred by ruling otherwise
simply because Appellants did not introduce complete evidence of the cost of
attending USC. See Burch v. Burch, 395 S.C. 318, 331, 717 S.E.2d 757, 764
(2011) ("[I]t is settled law in South Carolina that '[c]ourts have the inherent power
to do all things reasonably necessary to insure that just results are reached to the
fullest extent possible.'" (second alteration in original) (quoting Buckley v. Shealy,
370 S.C. 317, 323–24, 635 S.E.2d 76, 79 (2006))). Accordingly, we reverse the
family court's denial of Appellants' request for contribution toward all of Evan's
college expenses pursuant to the Agreement.

To the extent Father claims the family court erred by considering the Agreement
because Appellants failed to cite or rely on the Agreement in their pleadings, we
find the issue is not properly before us. The family court ruled in Appellants' favor
on this issue. Thus, to properly present this issue for appellate review, Father was
required to file a cross-appeal. Because Father did not appeal this adverse ruling,
we affirm the family court's finding that it could consider the Agreement. See Atl.
Coast Builders & Contractors, LLC v. Lewis, 398 S.C. 323, 329, 730 S.E.2d 282,
285 (2012) ("[A]n unappealed ruling, right or wrong, is the law of the case.").

Finally, the family court found an award of attorney's fees to either party would be
inequitable. Appellants argue that if they are entitled to recover for past tuition and
book expenses, they should also be entitled to attorney's fees. Appellants state that
their brief and the record on appeal implicitly demonstrate they have met the
Glasscock2 factors. Father asserts the family court's ruling on attorney's fees was
proper.

We find no error by the family court in requiring the parties to pay their own
attorney's fees. The court reached its determination regarding attorney's fees based
on a balancing of the equities. Appellants have not refuted this ruling. Appellants
simply make the conclusory statement that the record and briefs implicitly show

2
Glasscock v. Glasscock, 304 S.C. 158, 161, 403 S.E.2d 313, 315 (1991)
(outlining six factors to determine an appropriate award of attorney's fees).
they have met the Glasscock factors. Arguably, Appellants' short, conclusory
statement constitutes abandonment of the issue. See Hawley v. Hawley, 363 S.C.
318, 324 n.10, 610 S.E.2d 309, 312 n.10 (Ct. App. 2005) (finding an issue to be
abandoned when there was no citation to authority and all arguments were short,
conclusory statements). Even if Appellants have not abandoned the issue, we find
no error in the family court's decision to hold the parties responsible for their own
attorney's fees. We note the parties appear able to pay their own attorney's fees.
See E.D.M. v. T.A.M., 307 S.C. 471, 476–77, 415 S.E.2d 812, 816 (1992)
(explaining the family court should consider the following factors when
determining whether an award of attorney's fees is warranted: "(1) the party's
ability to pay his/her own attorney's fee; (2) [the] beneficial results obtained by the
attorney; (3) the parties' respective financial conditions; [and] (4) [the] effect of the
attorney's fee on each party's standard of living"). Accordingly, we affirm the
family court's order requiring the parties to pay their own attorney's fees, and we
vacate the portion of the family court's order discussing the Risinger factors. We
reverse the family court's denial of Appellants' request for contribution toward all
of Evan's college expenses pursuant to the Agreement and remand for further
proceedings consistent with this opinion.

AFFIRMED IN PART, VACATED IN PART, AND REVERSED IN PART.3

WILLIAMS, THOMAS, and GEATHERS, JJ., concur.

3
We decide this case without oral argument pursuant to Rule 215, SCACR.