Anglero v. Government & Authorities of U.S.A. et al

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
JULIUS RAY ANGLERO,
Petitioner,
v.
GOVERNMENT & AUTHORITIES OF
U.S.A., et al.,
Respondents.
Case No.: 25-cv-3807-AJB-KSC
ORDER DISMISSING CASE
WITHOUT PREJUDICE
Petitioner Julius Ray Anglero (“Petitioner”), proceeding pro se, has filed a Petition
for a Writ of Habeas Corpus under 28 U.S.C. § 2254.1 (Doc. No. 1.) For the reasons
discussed below, the Court dismisses the instant habeas action without prejudice.
FAILURE TO SATISFY FILING FEE REQUIREMENT
First, Petitioner has neither paid the $5.00 filing fee nor moved to proceed in forma
pauperis (“IFP”). Because this Court cannot proceed until Petitioner has either paid the
1 	While Petitioner completed the instant filing on a section 2254 federal habeas petition form and
entitled it as “Petition Writ of Habeas Corpus” (see Doc. No. 1 at 1), the Court notes Petitioner’s completed
Civil Cover Sheet indicates numerous and various Nature of Suit Codes, none of which appear to relate
to a prisoner petition or habeas corpus. (See Doc. No. 1-1.) Even so, in an abundance of caution, the Court
will proceed to consider the instant filing as a habeas petition filed pursuant to section 2254, as Petitioner
has entitled his filing (see id. at 1) and as the case has been docketed. (See docket generally.)
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$5.00 filing fee or qualified to proceed IFP, the case is subject to dismissal without
prejudice. See R. 3(a), Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases (2019).
FAILURE TO INVOKE THE COURT’S HABEAS JURISDICTION
Additionally, Petitioner has not invoked this Court’s jurisdiction with respect to this
habeas challenge. Here, Petitioner does not allege he is in custody pursuant to the judgment
of a State court, which is required for a reviewing court to entertain a federal habeas action
under section 2254. See 28 U.S.C. § 2254(a) (“The Supreme Court, a Justice thereof, a
circuit judge, or a district court shall entertain an application for a writ of habeas corpus in
behalf of a person in custody pursuant to the judgment of a State court only on the ground
that he is in custody in violation of the Constitution or laws or treaties of the United
States.”).
Upon review of the documents filed in this case, it appears that Petitioner is not in
the custody of the State of California, nor was he when he filed the Petition because
Petitioner lists his address as “13579 SE 89th Terrace Road Summerfield, FL 34491.” (See
Doc. No. 1-3 at 1.) Furthermore, Petitioner does not appear to allege he was on parole or
otherwise in constructive custody. While not entirely clear, the case numbers Petitioner
indicates are the subject of his challenge (see Doc. No. 1 at 1, listing FF#71256, NYSID
CC83932J1, and #24100019) appear to relate to a New York state child support matter and
a New York state criminal disposition which appeared to result in a fine and an order of
protection. (See 	Doc. No. 1-2 at 31–33 (Orange County Office of Child Support
Enforcement Support Obligation Summary in Case ID CC83932J1); see also Doc. No. 1-
2 at 48 (Family File # 71256 from Orange County Family Court, New York); Doc. No. 1-
2 at 53–55 (Disposition – People of the State of New York versus Julius Anglero, Case No.
24100019 in Dutchess County New York, Wappingers Falls Village Court- Criminal
Division).)
“Subject matter jurisdiction under the federal habeas corpus statute, 28 U.S.C.
§ 2254(a), is limited to those persons ‘in custody pursuant to the judgment of a State.’”
Brock v. Weston, 31 F.3d 887, 889 (9th Cir. 1994); see also 28 U.S.C. § 2241(c)(3). It is a
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jurisdictional requirement that, at the time a habeas petition is filed, “the habeas petitioner
be ‘in custody’ under the conviction or sentence under attack.” Maleng v. Cook, 490 U.S.
488, 490–91 (1989) (citing 28 U.S.C. §§ 2241(c)(3) & 2254(a)); see Carafas v. LaVallee,
391 U.S. 234, 238 (1968). Because Petitioner does not indicate he is either in actual or
constructive custody pursuant to a state criminal conviction, the Court lacks habeas
jurisdiction to entertain the instant federal habeas Petition under section 2254.
Rule 4 of the Rules Governing § 2254 Cases provides for summary dismissal of a
habeas petition “[i]f it plainly appears from the face of the petition and any attached
exhibits that the petitioner is not entitled to relief in the district court. . . .” R. 4, Rules
Governing Section 2254 Cases (2019). Here, it is plain from the Petition that Petitioner is
not presently entitled to federal habeas relief because he was not in the custody of the State
of California when he filed his section 2254 Petition in this Court. Accordingly, the Court
must dismiss the action.
FAILURE TO NAME A PROPER RESPONDENT
Upon review, Petitioner has also failed to name a proper respondent. On federal
habeas, a state prisoner must name the state officer having custody of him as the
respondent. Ortiz-Sandoval v. Gomez, 81 F.3d 891, 894 (9th Cir. 1996) (citing R. 2(a),
Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases (2019)). Federal courts lack personal jurisdiction
when a habeas petition fails to name a proper respondent. See id.
The warden is the typical respondent. However, “the rules following section 2254
do not specify the warden.” Id. “[T]he ‘state officer having custody’ may be ‘either the
warden of the institution in which the petitioner is incarcerated . . . or the chief officer in
charge of state penal institutions.’” Id. (quoting R. 2(a), Rules Governing Section 2254
Cases (2019), advisory committee’s note).
Here, Petitioner has incorrectly named “Government & Authorities of U.S.A.,”
Government & Authorities of N.Y.S.,” “NYS U.F.A. Fire Pension Fund” and “Seafares
International Union” as respondents. (See Doc. No. 1-1.) In order for this Court to entertain
the Petition filed in this action, Petitioner must name the individual having custody of him
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as Respondent. Brittingham v. United States, 982 F.2d 378, 379 (9th Cir. 1992) (per
curiam); see also Ashley v. Washington, 394 F.2d 125, 126 (9th Cir. 1968) (“The actual
person who is [the] custodian [of the petitioner] must be the respondent.”) Based on this
Court’s review of the Petition, it appears Petitioner could not name a proper Respondent
because he was not in actual or constructive custody at the time of filing. Thus, the Petition
is also subject to dismissal for failure to name a proper Respondent.
CONCLUSION AND ORDER
Because Petitioner has not satisfied the filing fee requirement, has not invoked this
Court’s jurisdiction with respect to his habeas challenge under section 2254, and has not
named a proper Respondent on federal habeas, the Court finds dismissal without prejudice
appropriate. The Clerk is directed to serve a copy of this Order upon Petitioner and upon
the California Attorney General.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
Dated: January 7, 2026
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