Ashline v. Roberts

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
RICHARD JOSEPH ASHLINE,
CDCR #BW-6808,
Plaintiff,
vs.
S. ROBERTS, Chief Medical Executive,
Defendant.
Case No.: 25-cv-03243-AJB-KSC
ORDER:
(1) GRANTING MOTION TO
PROCEED IN FORMA PAUPERIS;
AND
(2) SCREENING COMPLAINT
PURSUANT TO 28 U.S.C.
§§ 1915(e)(2) & 1915A(b)
Plaintiff Richard Joseph Ashline is a state inmate proceeding pro se with a civil
rights Complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 along with a motion to proceed in forma
pauperis (“IFP”). (Doc. Nos. 1–2.)
I. 	Motion to Proceed IFP
All parties instituting any civil action, suit, or proceeding in a district court of the
United States, except an application for writ of habeas corpus, must pay a filing fee of
$405, consisting of a $350 statutory fee plus an additional administrative fee of $55,
although the administrative fee does not apply to persons granted leave to proceed IFP. See
28 U.S.C. § 1914(a) (Judicial Conference Schedule of Fees, District Court Misc. Fee
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Schedule, § 14 (eff. Dec. 1, 2023)). The action may proceed despite a plaintiff’s failure to
prepay the entire fee only if he is granted leave to proceed IFP pursuant to 28 U.S.C.
§ 1915(a). See Andrews v. Cervantes, 493 F.3d 1047, 1051 (9th Cir. 2007). A prisoner
seeking leave to proceed IFP must submit a “certified copy of the trust fund account
statement (or institutional equivalent) for . . . the 6-month period immediately preceding
the filing of the complaint.” 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(2); Andrews v. King, 398 F.3d 1113, 1119
(9th Cir. 2005). From the certified trust account statement, the Court assesses an initial
payment of 20% of (a) the average monthly deposits in the account for the past six months,
or (b) the average monthly balance in the account for the past six months, whichever is
greater, unless the prisoner has insufficient assets. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1) & (4); Bruce
v. Samuels, 577 U.S. 82, 84 (2016). Prisoners who proceed IFP must pay any remaining
balance in “increments” or “installments,” regardless of whether their action is ultimately
dismissed. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1) & (2); Bruce, 577 U.S. at 84.
In support of his IFP motion, Plaintiff has submitted a copy of his California
Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (“CDCR”) Inmate Statement Report and
Prison Certificate attested to by a CDCR trust account official. (Doc. No. 2 at 4.) The
document shows he had an average monthly balance of $0.00 and average monthly deposits
of $5.00, with an available balance of $0.00. (Id.) The Court GRANTS Plaintiff’s motion
to proceed IFP and assesses no initial partial filing fee. See Taylor v. Delatoore, 281 F.3d
844, 850 (9th Cir. 2002) (finding that 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(4) acts as a “safety-valve”
preventing dismissal of a prisoner’s IFP case based solely on a “failure to pay . . . due to
the lack of funds available to him when payment is ordered.”) Plaintiff is required to pay
the $350 filing fee in full pursuant to the installment provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1).
II. 	Screening Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2) & 1915A(b)
A. 	Standard of Review
Because Plaintiff is a prisoner and is proceeding IFP, his Complaint requires a pre-
Answer screening pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2) & 1915A(b). The Court must sua
sponte dismiss a prisoner’s IFP complaint, or any portion of it, which is frivolous,
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malicious, fails to state a claim, or seeks damages from defendants who are immune. Lopez
v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122, 1126-27 (9th Cir. 2000) (en banc) (28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2));
Rhodes v. Robinson, 621 F.3d 1002, 1004 (9th Cir. 2010) (28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)).
“The standard for determining whether a plaintiff has failed to state a claim upon
which relief can be granted under § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii) is the same as the Federal Rule of
Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) standard for failure to state a claim.” Watison v. Carter, 668 F.3d
1108, 1112 (9th Cir. 2012); see also Wilhelm v. Rotman, 680 F.3d 1113, 1121 (9th Cir.
2012) (noting that § 1915A screening “incorporates the familiar standard applied in the
context of failure to state a claim under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6).”) Rule
12(b)(6) requires a complaint to “contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state
a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009)
(quoting Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007)). “Determining whether a
complaint states a plausible claim for relief [is] . . . a context-specific task that requires the
reviewing court to draw on its judicial experience and common sense.” Id.
Title 42 U.S.C. § 1983 “creates a private right of action against individuals who,
acting under color of state law, violate federal constitutional or statutory rights.” Devereaux
v. Abbey, 263 F.3d 1070, 1074 (9th Cir. 2001). Section 1983 “is not itself a source of
substantive rights, but merely provides a method for vindicating federal rights elsewhere
conferred.” Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386, 393–94 (1989) (internal quotation marks
omitted). “To establish § 1983 liability, a plaintiff must show both (1) deprivation of a right
secured by the Constitution and laws of the United States, and (2) that the deprivation was
committed by a person acting under color of state law.” Tsao v. Desert Palace, Inc., 698
F.3d 1128, 1138 (9th Cir. 2012).
B. 	Allegations in the Complaint
Plaintiff 	alleges 	that 	on 	May 	25, 	2025, 	while 	housed 	at 	the 	R.J. 	Donovan
Correctional Facility (“RJD”) in San Diego, California, Defendant RJD Chief Medical
Executive Roberts “denied my 602 requesting to have surgery done to [have] a hernia
repaired sayin[g] do not have a hernia because it doesn’t show up on the CT scan. I in fact
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have paperwork showing I do have a hernia in my lower ab[d]omen it has been caus[]ing
me se[]ver[e] pain s[in]ce mid December until now mid October.” (Doc. No. 1 at 3.)
Plaintiff claims he has been denied his right to medical care. (Id.) Plaintiff seeks monetary
damages and an injunction preventing Defendant Roberts from working as a Chief Medical
Executive. (Id. at 7.)
C. 	Discussion
A denial or delay of medical care for a prisoner’s serious medical needs may
constitute a violation of the Eighth Amendment. Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 104–05
(1976). “In order to prevail on an Eighth Amendment claim for inadequate medical care, a
plaintiff must show ‘deliberate indifference’ to his ‘serious medical needs.’” Colwell v.
Bannister, 763 F.3d 1060, 1066 (9th Cir. 2014) (quoting Gamble, 429 U.S. at 104).
“[I]ndicia of a ‘serious’ medical need include (1) the existence of an injury that a reasonable
doctor would find important and worthy of comment or treatment, (2) the presence of a
medical condition that significantly affects an individual’s daily activities, and (3) the
existence of chronic or substantial pain.” Doty v. County of Lassen, 37 F.3d 540, 546 n.3
(9th Cir. 1994) (citation omitted). “Deliberate indifference ‘may appear when prison
officials deny, delay or intentionally interfere with medical treatment, or it may be shown
by the way in which prison physicians provide medical care.’” Colwell, 763 F.3d at 1066
(quoting Hutchinson v. United States, 838 F.2d 390, 394 (9th Cir. 1988)). To show
deliberate indifference, a plaintiff must allege both “(a) a purposeful act or failure to
respond to a prisoner’s pain or possible medical need and (b) harm caused by the
indifference.” Jett v. Penner, 439 F.3d 1091, 1096 (9th Cir. 2006) (citation omitted).
While Plaintiff has sufficiently alleged a “serious medical need” arising from his
asserted hernia and resultant abdominal pain, see Wilhelm, 680 F.3d at 1122 (“Plaintiff’s
hernia was a serious medical need.”) (citations omitted), Plaintiff has not plausibly alleged
Defendant Roberts showed deliberate indifference to that need. Here, Plaintiff alleges he
has “paperwork showing I do have a hernia,” but also acknowledges Defendant Roberts
concluded Plaintiff “do[es] not have a hernia because it doesn’t show up on the CT scan”
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and on that basis, Defendant Roberts denied Plaintiff’s request for surgery. (Doc. No. 1 at
3.) Thus, Plaintiff alleges at most that Defendant Roberts failed to diagnose his hernia or
that there was a disagreement between himself and Defendant Roberts as to whether
Plaintiff in fact suffered from a hernia and whether surgery was warranted, none of which
states a claim under the Eighth Amendment. See Gamble, 429 U.S. at 106 (“[A] complaint
that a physician has been negligent in diagnosing or treating a medical condition does not
state a valid claim of medical mistreatment under the Eighth Amendment. Medical
malpractice does not become a constitutional violation merely because the victim is a
prisoner. In order to state a cognizable claim, a prisoner must allege acts or omissions
sufficiently harmful to evidence deliberate indifference to serious medical needs.”);
Colwell, 763 F.3d at 1068 (“A difference of opinion between a physician and the
prisoner—or between medical professionals—concerning what medical care is appropriate
does not amount to deliberate indifference.”) (quotation marks and citation omitted);
Toguchi v. Chung, 391 F.3d 1051, 1060 (9th Cir. 2004) (“[A] difference of medical opinion
. . . cannot support a claim of deliberate indifference.”)
Here, Plaintiff contends that Defendant Roberts denied his request for surgery (see
Doc. No. 1 at 3), but does not indicate what, if any, treatment Defendant Roberts prescribed
for his abdominal pain. Nor does Plaintiff allege how Defendant Roberts’ failure to approve
his request for surgery was “medically unacceptable” such that Plaintiff could potentially
state a claim of deliberate indifference. See Toguchi, 391 F.3d at 1058 (a claim of deliberate
indifference can be sustained in a situation where “the chosen course of treatment ‘was
medically unacceptable under the circumstances,’ and was chosen ‘in conscious disregard
of an excessive risk to (the prisoner’s) health.”) (quoting Jackson v. McIntosh, 90 F.3d 330,
332 (9th Cir. 1996), overruled in part on other grounds by Peralta v. Dillard, 744 F.3d
1076 (9th Cir. 2014) (en banc)); accord Gordon v. County of Orange, 6 F.4th 961, 970 (9th
Cir. 	2021). 	If 	Plaintiff 	wishes 	to 	proceed 	with 	an 	Eighth 	Amendment 	deliberate
indifference claim against Chief Medical Executive Roberts, he must set forth factual
allegations which plausibly suggest “a purposeful act or failure to respond” by Roberts in
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the face of Plaintiff’s abdominal pain and must also allege “harm caused by that
indifference.” Jett, 439 F.3d at 1096 (emphasis added); see also Gamble, 429 U.S. at 106
(“In order to state a cognizable claim, a prisoner must allege acts or omissions sufficiently
harmful to evidence deliberate indifference to serious medical needs.”)
Accordingly, the Eighth Amendment claim in the Complaint is dismissed pursuant
to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2) & 1915A(b) for failure to state a claim. Watison, 668 F.3d at
1112; Wilhelm, 680 F.3d at 1121; Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678.
D. 	Leave to Amend
In light of Plaintiff’s pro se status, the Court grants him leave to amend to attempt
to sufficiently allege a claim if he can. See Rosati v. Igbinoso, 791 F.3d 1037, 1039 (9th
Cir. 2015) (“A district court should not dismiss a pro se complaint without leave to amend
[pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii)] unless it is absolutely clear that the deficiencies
of the complaint could not be cured by amendment.”) (internal quote marks omitted).
III. 	Conclusion and Orders
Accordingly, good cause appearing, the Court:
1) 	GRANTS Plaintiff’s Motion to Proceed IFP (Doc. No. 2).
2) 	DIRECTS the Secretary of the CDCR, or his designee, to collect from
Plaintiff’s prison trust account the $350 filing fee owed in this case by collecting monthly
payments from the account in an amount equal to twenty percent (20%) of the preceding
month’s income and forward payments to the Clerk of the Court each time the amount in
the account exceeds $10 in accordance with 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(2).
3) 	DIRECTS the Clerk of the Court to serve a copy of this Order by U.S. Mail
on Jeff Macomber, Secretary, California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation,
P.O. Box 942883, Sacramento, California, 94283-0001.
4) 	DISMISSES Plaintiff’s Complaint for failing to state a claim upon which
relief may be granted pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii) & 1915A(b)(1) and
GRANTS Plaintiff forty-five (45) days leave from the date of this Order in which to file
an Amended Complaint which cures all the deficiencies of pleading noted. Plaintiff’s
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Amended Complaint must be complete by itself without reference to his original pleading.
Defendants not named and any claim not re-alleged in his Amended Complaint will be
considered waived. See S.D. Cal. CivLR 15.1; Hal Roach Studios, Inc. v. Richard Feiner
& Co., Inc., 896 F.2d 1542, 1546 (9th Cir. 1989) (“[A]n amended pleading supersedes the
original.”); Lacey v. Maricopa Cnty., 693 F.3d 896, 928 (9th Cir. 2012) (claims which are
not re-alleged in an amended pleading may be “considered waived if not repled.”)
If Plaintiff fails to file an Amended Complaint within the time provided, the Court
will enter a final Order dismissing this civil action based both on Plaintiff’s failure to state
a claim upon which relief can be granted pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii) &
1915A(b)(1), and his failure to prosecute in compliance with a court order requiring
amendment. See Lira v. Herrera, 427 F.3d 1164, 1169 (9th Cir. 2005) (“If a plaintiff does
not take advantage of the opportunity to fix his complaint, a district court may convert the
dismissal of the complaint into dismissal of the entire action.”)
IT IS SO ORDERED.
Dated: January 16, 2026
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