United States of America v. Anthony Ray Artrip

NOT RECOMMENDED FOR FULL-TEXT PUBLICATION
File Name: 10a0072n.06
Nos. 08-3721, 08-3722
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
ANTHONY RAY ARTRIP,
Defendant-Appellant.
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED
STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR
THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF
OHIO
Before: MERRITT, COOK, and KETHLEDGE, Circuit Judges.
KETHLEDGE, Circuit Judge. Anthony Ray Artrip’s attorney expressly assured the district
court at Artrip’s plea hearing that Artrip was competent to proceed with his plea. Artrip now argues,
through the same attorney, that Artrip’s incompetence at the hearing was so apparent that the court,
sua sponte, should have ordered a separate competency hearing. We reject that argument, and
affirm.
Artrip pled guilty to armed bank robberies in Ohio and Florida, in violation of 18 U.S.C.
§ 2113(a) and (d), and brandishing a firearm in furtherance of a bank robbery, in violation of 18
U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A)(ii). The district court sentenced him to 243 months’ imprisonment on the
robbery counts, consecutive with 84 months’ imprisonment on the brandishing count. On appeal,
Artrip asserts that he did not understand the proceedings against him and that he was mentally

-- 1 of 3 --

Nos. 08-3721, 08-3722
United States v. Artrip
-2-
incompetent to take part in them. He argues that, by failing to order a competency hearing, the
district court violated his due process rights. See generally Pate v. Robinson, 383 U.S. 375, 378
(1966) (“the conviction of an accused person while he is legally incompetent violates due process”);
see also 18 U.S.C. § 4241(a) (requiring a court to order such a hearing whenever “there is reasonable
cause to believe that the defendant may presently be suffering from a mental disease or defect
rendering him mentally incompetent to the extent that he is unable to understand the nature and
consequences of the proceedings against him or to assist properly in his defense”).
Due process requires a court to order a competency hearing only when “a reasonable judge
. . . should have experienced doubt with respect to competency[.]” United States v. Denkins, 367
F.3d 537, 547 (6th Cir. 2004) (internal quotation marks omitted). The district court expressly found
Artrip to be competent here. We review that finding for clear error. See Mackey v. Dutton, 217 F.3d
399, 412-13 (6th Cir. 2000) (competence is a question of fact).
Nothing in the record undermines the district court’s finding. The court extensively
questioned Artrip at his plea hearing. His responses were appropriate and demonstrated that he
understood the proceedings. The court also had the results of two prior competency evaluations by
psychiatric professionals. Both evaluators not only certified Artrip as competent, but also flagged
him as a malingerer—a person who falsifies symptoms to avoid criminal prosecution.
Artrip now argues that the district court “rushed Artrip through a plea hearing without
reviewing competency.” But a party cannot tell the district court one thing and then tell us the
opposite. And here, Artrip’s lawyer in the district court—who is again his lawyer before this
one—expressly told the district court the following:

-- 2 of 3 --

Nos. 08-3721, 08-3722
United States v. Artrip
-3-
I want the Court to feel comfortable that what we’re doing is not simply an
effort to expedite matters or move Mr. Artrip quickly through the system and go on
to the next matter. What we’ve done is we’ve indulged on your patience. Mr. Artrip
has been very cooperative lately with me, and I feel confident that he understood
what [the prosecutor] just went through[.]
(Emphasis added.)
That “confiden[ce]” was justified. The record fully supports the district court’s determination
of competency. Artrip’s conviction and sentence are affirmed.

-- 3 of 3 --