Questione giuridica chiave
Whether the appellants were entitled to challenge the TPF's refusal to enter into their civil claims
Decisione estratta
They lacked standing to contest the merits of the lower court's refusal, because they were not victims under the Swiss Victim Assistance Act and the Italian action was filed first and covered the same claims.
Motivazione estratta
A non-victim injured only in patrimony may invoke only formal denial-of-justice points or civil-claim standing where the last cantonal instance ruled on both criminal and civil matters. Here, lis pendens under the Lugano Convention applied because the Italian proceedings were prior and involved the same foundation and object.