Questione giuridica chiave
Whether a negative declaratory action is admissible under LugÜ without a special interest in declaration when used for forum running.
Decisione estratta
A special legal interest may still be required; the claimant's mere wish to secure a preferred forum is not sufficient.
Motivazione estratta
LugÜ and EU case law determine lis pendens, but leave the requirement of a declaratory interest to national law. The prior Swiss case law rejecting forum running remains applicable internationally.