United States of America v. Damon Joiner

NOT RECOMMENDED FOR FULL-TEXT PUBLICATION
File Name: 10a0555n.06
No. 09-3788
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
DAMON JOINER,
Defendant-Appellant.
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ON APPEAL FROM THE
UNITED STATES DISTRICT
COURT FOR THE NORTHERN
DISTRICT OF OHIO
Before: KEITH, BOGGS, and MCKEAGUE, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
Damon Joiner (“Joiner”) pled guilty to distributing cocaine base, in violation of 21 U.S.C.
§§841 (a)(1) and (b)(1)(A), and possessing cocaine base with intent to distribute, in violation of 21
U.S.C. §§841 (a)(1) and (b)(1)(B). He was sentenced to 107 months of incarceration to be followed
by 5 years of supervised release, and ordered to pay a $300 special assessment. He then filed a
motion to modify sentence, on the grounds that the district court sentenced him under the pre-
Amendment 706 Sentencing Guidelines. The motion was denied by the district court, and he now
appeals. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.
I.
On April 24, 2007, a federal grand jury in the Northern District of Ohio charged Joiner with
distributing cocaine base, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§841 (a)(1) and (b)(1)(A), and possessing
cocaine base with intent to distribute, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§841 (a)(1) and (b)(1)(B). On

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August 8, 2007, Joiner pled guilty to all charges in a written plea agreement. The agreement stated
that the amount of cocaine base attributed to Joiner placed him at a base offense level of 32 for
sentencing purposes. However, because Joiner had been convicted of at least one prior drug felony
offense, his sentence carried a statutory mandatory minimum of 20 years.
In November 2007, Amendment 706 to the United States Sentencing Guidelines lowered
the base offense level for offenses involving cocaine base by two. On December 14, 2007, during
Joiner’s sentencing hearing, Judge Boyko acknowledged the revision in the guidelines that was
implemented the month before, and calculated Joiner’s base offense level accordingly. However,
Boyko then declared that because mandatory minimum sentencing had been triggered, and because
the minimum was greater than the maximum of the applicable Guidelines range, “based upon the
directs [sic] of the Guidelines, we have to go with a total offense level of 33 because we have a 240-
month, 20-year minimum, and the first offense level which encompasses the 240 months is at level
33.” Judge Boyko then lowered the offense level by three for acceptance of responsibility, and then
by five for substantial assistance, bringing the offense level to 25 with a penalty of 100 to 125
months of imprisonment. Joiner did not object to this finding at the hearing. After taking into
consideration the factors set forth in 18 U.S.C. §3533(a), the district court imposed a sentence of 107
months of incarceration, 5 years of supervised release, and a $300 special assessment. Joiner did not
appeal his sentence.
On June 12, 2008, Joiner filed a pro se motion for a sentence reduction under 18 U.S.C.
§3582(c)(2). (R.38) The district court denied Joiner’s motion on July 15, 2008. Joiner filed a
timely notice of appeal on that same day. On June 18, 2009, this court vacated and remanded the
district court’s order so that the district court could specify its reasons for denying the motion. On

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June 24, 2009, the district court issued an order denying the Defendant’s motion for reduction with
a three-sentence explanation that stated that the amended guidelines were already in effect at
defendant’s sentencing and that the defendant’s sentence incorporated the amendment’s two-level
reduction to the crack cocaine Sentencing Guidelines.
II.
This court reviews a district court’s denial of a motion to modify sentence under 18 U.S.C.
§3582(c)(2) for an abuse of discretion. See United States v. Perdue, 572 F.3d 288, 290 (6th Cir.
2009).
Joiner filed his pro se motion to modify his sentence under 18 U.S.C. §3582(c)(2), which
provides relief for a defendant who has been sentenced “based on a sentencing range that has
subsequently been lowered by the Sentencing Commission”. 18 U.S.C. §3582(c)(2). Here, however,
both Joiner and the government agree that Amendment 706 to the United States Sentencing
Guidelines became effective one month before Joiner was sentenced. As a result, §3582(c)(2)
clearly does not apply in this case as Joiner’s sentencing range was not “subsequently” lowered by
the Sentencing Commission.
III.
For the foregoing reasons, this court AFFIRMS the decision of the district court.

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