Tanya Apone v. Commissioner, Social Security Administration

FILED
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
JULY 25, 2011
JOHN LEY
CLERK
[DO NOT PUBLISH]
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
________________________
No. 10-12541
Non-Argument Calendar
________________________
D.C. Docket No. 1:08-cv-00219-MP-AK
TANYA L APONE,
Plaintiff - Appellant,
versus
COMMISSIONER, SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION,
Defendant - Appellee.
________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Northern District of Florida
________________________
(July 25, 2011)
Before EDMONDSON, HULL, and MARTIN, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:

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Tanya Apone appeals the district court’s order affirming the Social Security
Commissioner’s denial of her application for disability insurance benefits. The
district court earlier had remanded the case back to the Commissioner with
instructions. No reversible error has been shown; we affirm.
A person who applies for Social Security disability benefits must prove that
she is disabled. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1512. The Social Security Regulations1
outline a five-step sequential evaluation process for determining whether a
claimant is disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a)(4). The ALJ must evaluate (1)
whether the claimant engaged in substantial gainful work; (2) whether the
claimant has a severe impairment; (3) whether the severe impairment meets or2
equals an impairment in the Listings of Impairments; (4) whether the claimant has
the residual functional capacity (“RFC”) to perform her past relevant work; and
(5) whether, in the light of the claimant’s RFC, age, education, and work
experience, there are other jobs the claimant can perform. Id.
Disability is the “inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any1
medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death
or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12
months.” 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A).
Here, the Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”) concluded that Apone suffered from the2
severe impairments of degenerative disc disease of the lumbar and cervical spine, carpal tunnel
syndrome status-post release, degenerative joint disease of the knees, migraine headaches,
fibromyalgia, obesity, and an affective disorder.
2

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In the first decision, the ALJ concluded that Apone retained the ability to
handle objects on “at least an occasional basis,” but that she could not perform a
full range of light work. After consulting the Medical-Vocational Guidelines, the
ALJ determined that a significant number of jobs existed that Apone could
perform and, therefore, she was not disabled. But an ALJ must consult a
vocational expert (“VE”), and may not rely solely on the Guidelines, if the ALJ
concludes that the claimant is unable to perform a full range of work at a given
residual functional level or that the “claimant has nonexertional impairments that
significantly limit basic work skills.” See Phillips v. Barnhart, 357 F.3d 1232,
1242 (11th Cir. 2004) (internal quotation and citation omitted).3
So, the Appeals Council instructed the ALJ, on remand, to elicit the
testimony of a VE to identify the number of jobs, if any, that Apone could perform
in the light of her manual dexterity limitations. The Appeals Council also
instructed the ALJ to evaluate further Apone’s mental limitations and provide
record evidence in support of any assessed mental limitations. On appeal, Apone
argues that the ALJ failed to comply with the remand order because the ALJ did
The VE is an expert on the kinds of jobs a person can perform based on her capacity and3
impairments. Id. at 1240.
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not ask the VE the questions outlined in the remand order about her manual
dexterity limitations and asked the VE no questions about her mental impairment.
Whether a court complied with a mandate is an issue of law that we review
de novo. See Ad-Vantage Tel. Directory Consultants, Inc. v. GTE Directories
Corp., 943 F.2d 1511, 1517 (11th Cir. 1991) (where this Court reviewed
compliance with its own mandate). A court “may not alter, amend, or examine the
mandate, or give any further relief or review, but must enter an order in strict
compliance with the mandate.” Piambino v. Bailey, 757 F.2d 1112, 1119 (11th
Cir. 1985).4
Here, because the ALJ solicited opinions from the VE on remand, instead of
relying on the Guidelines, the ALJ complied with the remand order. The ALJ’s
questions to the VE clearly incorporated Apone’s limitations in manual dexterity.
In one hypothetical, the ALJ included a limitation that a person occasionally could
use their upper extremities for repetitive use in pushing and pulling; and the VE
replied that the person could work as a security officer or security guard because
those positions required light exertion and were semi-skilled. In another
In general, our review of the Commissioner’s decision is limited to whether substantial4
evidence supports the decision and whether the correct legal standards were applied. Wilson v.
Barnhart, 284 F.3d 1219, 1221 (11th Cir. 2002). But here, Apone challenges only whether the
ALJ complied with the remand order.
4

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hypothetical, the ALJ stated that a person could occasionally lift, carry, push and
pull, and use their arms on a repetitive basis. The VE responded that this person
could work as a cashier or fast-food worker. And if a person further was restricted
to only occasionally handling items, like Apone, that person still could work,
according to the VE, as a surveillance system monitor or a charge account clerk,
both sedentary jobs. Apone makes no challenge to the ALJ’s findings about her
manual dexterity limitations and fails to explain how the ALJ’s hypothetical
questions to the VE ignored the remand order.
And about Apone’s limitations because of her mental impairment, the ALJ
listed specifically her non-exertional limitations in the RFC determination, noting
that she had the ability to perform only simple, routine, and repetitive tasks.
Contrary to Apone’s assertions, the ALJ posed these non-exertional limitations in
a hypothetical to the VE. In addition, the ALJ followed the mandate in discussing
the record evidence about Apone’s mental impairment and assessing her ability to
work in spite of the impairment. Apone’s appellate assertion that the hypothetical
should have included that her mental impairment required her to take longer and
more frequent breaks from working simply is unsupported by record evidence.
Apone has failed to demonstrate the ALJ’s non-compliance with the remand
order.
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AFFIRMED.
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