Whether the entire Tribunal d'arrondissement de Lausanne had to be recused for appearance of bias.
Yes. The spouse's employment at the court created an objective appearance of prevention sufficient to justify recusal.
Under Art. 47(1)(f) CPC and the constitutional and Convention guarantee of an impartial judge, recusal is exceptional but required where serious appearance of bias exists; the professional ties of the spouse to the court could make the court's impartiality reasonably doubtful.