Question juridique clé
Whether the taxpayer's books were formally and materially compliant and therefore binding for assessment purposes
Solution extraite
The books lacked evidentiary value because they were not kept in an orderly manner, especially due to missing cash-book discipline and other bookkeeping defects.
Motifs extraits
For cash-intensive businesses, a proper cash book and traceable chronological entries are essential. The records here showed discrepancies, undocumented corrections, undeclared accounts, incomplete payroll records, and non-credible gross margin figures, so both formal and material probative force had to be denied.