Question juridique clé
Whether refusing to hear counsel as a witness violated the right to be heard or was arbitrary
Solution extraite
No violation: the appellate court could, without arbitrariness, infer that the defendant had incompletely or untruthfully instructed counsel; further evidence was therefore unnecessary.
Motifs extraits
The proposed testimony could not undermine the already established evidentiary picture, and the refusal to take it was permissible anticipatory assessment of evidence.