Question juridique clé
Whether the participation of substitute judge lic. iur. P. breached the right to an impartial court because his law partner had filed the criminal complaint.
Solution extraite
The appearance of bias was not established; the law-office association alone was insufficient, and no additional circumstances indicated prejudice.
Motifs extraits
The complaint concerned only legal issues on appeal, the partner's firm was merely a cost-sharing office community, and no financial dependence or close friendship was shown.