Whether the cost order after dismissal violated the presumption of innocence or was arbitrary because it relied on the appellant's conduct as a guardian-like representative.
The cost order was in principle compatible with the presumption of innocence because it was based on civil-law blameworthy conduct, not on a finding of criminal guilt; the factual findings were not shown to be arbitrary.
A dismissed case may still carry costs if the accused clearly violated a legal duty in a civil-law blameworthy manner and thereby caused the investigation; here the lower court could rely on the appellant's failure to obtain the required approval for a private mandate and on the related prior administrative findings.