Question juridique clé
Whether the movable pledges over the machines were validly constituted under Art. 884 CC despite the pledgor's retained access and the shareholder/manager's dual role.
Solution extraite
The pledges were valid: the pledgor had lost exclusive factual control, and the creditor and pledgor exercised joint control in a manner sufficient for possession by co-possession.
Motifs extraits
The machines were hard to move; the caged areas could not be removed without force or clandestine conduct. The signage made the pledged character apparent. The creditor held the lock keys and the pledgor the premises keys, but the factual situation—especially the common controlling role of Y.________—meant neither party had exclusive control, which sufficed for a valid pledge.