Question juridique clé
Whether the appellant was entitled to object to the penal order against M.________
Solution extraite
No. Only a civil party that had asserted specific civil claims before the penal order may object; a pending civil lawsuit against another company did not suffice.
Motifs extraits
The appellant did not expressly assert civil claims against M.________ before the penal order. Knowledge by the authorities or later assertion in appeal could not replace the required prior constitution as civil party.