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BGE 62 II 290 ΓÇó Federal Court competence over claims against a canton
BGE 62 II 290Recueil officiel du Tribunal fédéral (ATF) / Volume II24 août 1936
The FOMH brought a CHF 187,453.35 claim against the Canton of Neuchâtel directly before the Federal Court. The court addressed its own competence under Art. 48 No. 4 OJ and held that the notion of a civil-law dispute is historically broad and does not depend on modern doctrinal divisions between public and private law. It identified two admissible categories: non-contractual damage claims against the State and claims based on a relationship analogous to contract. Purely voluntary state benefits, such as subsidies, are not covered.
Art. 48 No. 4 OJ; notion of civil-law dispute and Federal Court single-instance jurisdiction over claims against a canton. The term “civil-law dispute” in this provision is an autonomous historical concept of comparatively broad scope, which is not determined by contemporary doctrinal distinctions between public and private law (consid. 1). Admissible are, in particular, claims for non-contractual damages directed against the State for unlawful injury to individual rights, as well as claims founded on a relationship analogous to contract arising from voluntary undertakings. By contrast, disputes concerning purely voluntary state benefits, especially subsidies, are excluded, since the State retains sovereign discretion as to whether, to whom, to what extent, and for how long such benefits are granted, subject only to non-arbitrary withdrawal.
Obligationenracht. No 74, beschluss über .ie Kreditkassen mit Wartezeit (sog. Bau- sparkassen und ähnliche Kreditorganisationen) vom 29. September 1934 ohne jeden Zweifel zuständig; vgl. Art. 1 lit. c i. f. 74. Extrait de l'arr6t de la Ire Section oime dl! aa decembre 1936 dans la causeL urence contre t7ebersax. Non-imputation du salaire sur les dommages-internts dus pour incapacite de travail. nest de jurisprudence constante que, si la victime d'un accident continue malgre son incapacire de travail a toucher son salaire, ce montant ne s'impute pas BUr les dommages-inrerets dus par le d6fendeur. La liMralire que ce paiement constituerait de la part de l'employeur est presumee faite en faveur du demandeur, non du tiers responsable RO 49 II p. 163, c. 3; 52 II p. 392; 58 II p. 242 et 254; amt non publie Weissen c. Mengis du 7 avril 1936 : Massgebend ist die objektive Beeinträch- tigung der Arbeitsiahigkeit ; wenn der Arbeitgeber trotz dieser Beeinträchtigung vorläufig den vollen Lohn weiter ausbezahlt, so vollzieht er damit eine Liberalität gegenüber dem Geschädigten, auf die sich der schadenersatzpflich- tige Dritte nicht berufen kann ).
IH. PROZESSRECHT PRocEDURE