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BGE 34 I 686 ΓÇó Wife’s right to separate domicile and identity papers
BGE 34 I 686Recueil officiel du Tribunal fédéral (ATF) / Volume I8 nov. 1894Dismissed
Christine Kistler Dobler challenged the Schwyz government’s refusal to have her home municipality issue identity papers after she left the marital home, alleging mistreatment by her husband. The Federal Court dismissed the constitutional complaint. It held that, under the applicable federal law and its earlier Scherrer precedent, a wife cannot invoke the freedom of establishment independently; she may establish a separate residence only with the husband’s consent, or pursuant to a judicial order under Art. 44 ZEG. The cantonal refusal therefore did not violate federal law.
Art. 45 BV; Art. 4 Abs. 1 BG betr. zivilr. V. d. N. u. A.; Art. 44 ZEG; married woman’s domicile and freedom of establishment: a wife, as such, cannot rely on the constitutional freedom of establishment to choose a residence separate from the husband’s domicile. A separate establishment requires the husband’s consent; failing such consent, only a judicial measure under Art. 44 ZEG may authorize separation from the marital household. The legal domicile of the wife follows that of the husband, and the refusal of identity papers for a separate settlement does not violate federal law. The court reaffirms the Scherrer precedent and rejects the distinction between legal and factual domicile for this purpose.
Art. 44 ZEG ohne Verletzung von Bundesrecht zum ehelichen Zusammenleben rechtlich gezwungen werden kann. Diese Auffassung wird durch die Argumentation des heutigen Rekurses nicht er schüttert; es mag daher zur Widerlegung desselben der Hinweis auf das angezogene Präjudiz genügen; erkannt: Der Rekurs wird abgewiesen.