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Recusal and hearing duties in bar-discipline proceedings

AGVE_2002_97Tribunal administratif / 1re chambre31 déc. 2002Other

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Résumé Omnilex

The excerpt contains several headnotes from disciplinary/regulatory case law. It states that an allegedly unenforceable appealed decision may still be challenged and a declaration of non-enforceability added to the dispositif. It further holds that Obergericht judges on the Anwaltskommission need not recuse themselves absent direct involvement in the report, and that mere practice in the same town as the accused lawyer is not a ground for recusal. Finally, it emphasizes that essential evidence cannot be obtained only by telephone, that essential matters must be recorded in the file, and that a clear violation of the right to be heard generally warrants remittal.

Regeste Omnilex

Right to be heard; evidence taking and file completeness; recusal in disciplinary proceedings: essential evidence may not be obtained solely by telephone, and all material procedural acts and findings must be recorded in the file; a clear violation of Art. 29 para. 2 BV generally leads to remittal, subject to recognized exceptions. Membership in a disciplinary commission or mere professional proximity to the accused does not in itself establish bias; recusal requires specific objective circumstances, such as direct involvement in the matter (consid. II/1, 1/b-c). An allegedly unenforceable or void administrative act may, for practical reasons, still be the object of review and a corresponding declaration may be included in the operative part.

Texte intégral

414Verwaltungsgericht2002 gebilligt werden, dass der von ihm angefochtene Entscheid der AGVA nicht vollstreckungsfähig ist. Analog wird - aus praktischen Gründen - bei behauptungsweise nichtigen Verfügungen vorgegangen, obwohl es dort bei bejahter Nichtigkeit streng logisch an einem Anfechtungsobjekt fehlt (vgl. BGE 115 Ia 4; AGVE 1981, S. 147; VGE III/76 vom 4. Juni 1999 [BE.97.00279] in Sachen S. AG, S. 4; VGE II/100 vom 26. Oktober 1999 [BE.99.00029] in Sachen S., S. 9 f.; Merker, a.a.O., § 38 N 14). Insoweit ist auf die Beschwerde einzutreten und eine entsprechende Feststellung in das Dispositiv aufzunehmen. 97 Ausstand.

  • Bei einer Anzeige durch das Obergericht müssen Oberrichter, die der Anwaltskommission angehören, nicht in den Ausstand treten, wenn sie an der Anzeige nicht direkt beteiligt waren (Erw. 1/b,c). vgl. AGVE 2002 86 366 98 Ausstand.
  • Dass ein der Anwaltskommission angehörender Anwalt am gleichen Ort praktiziert wie der beschuldigte Anwalt, ist kein Ablehnungsgrund. vgl. AGVE 2002 87 373 99 Rechtliches Gehör. Beweiserhebung. Aktenführung. -Wesentliche Beweise dürfen nicht bloss telefonisch eingeholt werden (Erw. II/1/a,c). -Pflicht der Behörde, alles Wesentliche in den Akten festzuhalten (Erw. II/1/b). -Rückweisung bei klarer Verletzung des Anspruchs auf rechtliches Gehör; Ausnahmen (Erw. II/1/d).

Mots-clés

recusalright to be heardevidencefile keepingdisciplinary proceedingsnon-enforceability

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Questions juridiques clés extraites par Omnilex

Question juridique clé

Whether an appealed AGVA decision that is allegedly unenforceable may nevertheless be reviewed and a corresponding declaration entered into the dispositif.

Solution extraite

The complaint may be entered into on this point, and a declaration that the decision is not enforceable should be included in the operative part.

Motifs extraits

For practical reasons, the court treats allegedly unenforceable decisions analogously to allegedly void acts, even though strict logic would otherwise lack an appealable object.

Question juridique clé

Whether Obergericht judges who belong to the Anwaltskommission must recuse themselves when the Obergericht has filed a report, although they were not directly involved in that report.

Solution extraite

They do not have to recuse themselves if they were not directly involved in the report.

Motifs extraits

Membership in the Anwaltskommission alone is insufficient; direct participation in the report is required for disqualification.

Question juridique clé

Whether a lawyer on the Anwaltskommission must withdraw merely because he practices in the same town as the accused lawyer.

Solution extraite

No recusal ground exists on that basis alone.

Motifs extraits

Shared place of practice does not create an objective appearance of bias.

Question juridique clé

Whether essential evidence may be gathered only by telephone and whether essential procedural facts must be recorded in the file; whether a clear violation of the right to be heard requires remittal.

Solution extraite

Essential evidence must not be taken only by telephone, and all essential matters must be documented in the file; where the right to be heard is clearly violated, remittal is required, subject to exceptions.

Motifs extraits

The duty to conduct proper evidence gathering and maintain a complete record is part of the right to be heard.

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