us-irs-announcements-irb-2020-25-pdf•Internal Revenue Bulletin 2020-25 (PDF rendition): IRS Announcements
Internal Revenue Bulletin 2020-25 (PDF rendition): IRS Announcements
us-irs-announcements-irb-2020-25-pdfInternal Revenue Bulletin 2020-25 (PDF rendition): IRS AnnouncementsGuidance
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Bulletin No. 2020–25 June 15, 2020 HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS ISSUE These synopses are intended only as aids to the reader in identifying the subject matter covered. They may not be relied upon as authoritative interpretations. ADMINISTRATIVE Rev. Proc. 2020-33, page 956. This revenue procedure provides guidance with respect to the United States and area median gross income figures that are to be used by issuers of qualified mortgage bonds, as defined in § 143(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, and is- suers of mortgage credit certificates, as defined in § 25(c), in computing the housing cost/income ratio described in § 143(f)(5). ADMINISTRATIVE, EMPLOYEE PLANS, EMPLOYMENT TAX, EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS Notice 2020-35, page 948. Notice 2020-35 postpones deadlines for certain spec- ified time-sensitive actions with respect to certain em- ployment taxes, employee benefit plans, exempt orga- nizations, and Coverdell education savings accounts on account of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The notice also provides a temporary waiver of the requirement for a Certified Professional Employer Organization to file certain employment tax returns and their accompanying schedules electronically. EMPLOYEE PLANS Announcement 2020-7, page 959. Rev. Proc. 2017-41, 2017-29 I.R.B 92, sets forth proce- dures for providers of pre-approved plans to obtain opin- ion letters, once every six years, for qualified pre-approved plans submitted with respect to the third (and subsequent) six-year remedial amendment cycles. This announcement states that 1) the IRS plans to issue opinion letters with regard to the third six-year remedial amendment cycle for pre-approved defined contribution plans by June 30, 2020 or soon thereafter, 2) the IRS will accept from an employer eligible to submit a determination letter request an applica- tion for an individual determination letter under the third six- year remedial amendment cycle for pre-approved defined contribution plans from August 1, 2020 to July 31, 2022, and 3) an employer adopting a newly approved plan will be required to adopt the plan document by July 31, 2022. EMPLOYMENT TAX REG-100320-20, page 960. This document sets forth a proposed regulation that pro- vides rules for Federal income tax withholding on certain periodic retirement and annuity payments to implement an amendment made by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. This pro- posed regulation would affect payors of certain periodic payments, plan administrators that are required to withhold on such payments, and payees who receive such payments. EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS T.D. 9898, page 935. This document contains final regulations updating informa- tion reporting regulations under section 6033 that are gen- erally applicable to organizations exempt from tax under section 501(a) to reflect statutory amendments and certain grants of reporting relief for tax-exempt organizations re- quired to file an annual Form 990 or 990-EZ information return that have been made since the previous regulations were adopted. Finding Lists begin on page ii. INCOME TAX Notice 2020-40, page 952. The notice publishes the inflation adjustment factor for the carbon oxide sequestration credit under § 45Q for calendar year 2020. Also, the notice includes a statement of the amount of qualified carbon oxide that has been taken into account by taxpayers filing an annual report pursuant to section 6 of Notice 2009-83, 2009-2 C.B. 588. Notice 2020-41, page 954. Beginning of Construction for Sections 45 and 48; Exten- sion of Continuity Safe Harbor to Address Delays Related to COVID-19. Notice 2020-41 extends the Continuity Safe Harbor for both the production tax credit for renewable en- ergy facilities under section 45 (PTC) and the investment tax credit for energy property under § 48 (ITC) for projects that began construction in either calendar years 2016 or 2017. The notice also provides a 3½ Month Safe Harbor for services or property paid for by the taxpayer on or after September 16, 2019 and received by October 15, 2020. The IRS Mission Provide America’s taxpayers top-quality service by helping them understand and meet their tax responsibilities and en- force the law with integrity and fairness to all. Introduction The Internal Revenue Bulletin is the authoritative instrument of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for announcing of- ficial rulings and procedures of the Internal Revenue Service and for publishing Treasury Decisions, Executive Orders, Tax Conventions, legislation, court decisions, and other items of general interest. It is published weekly. It is the policy of the Service to publish in the Bulletin all sub- stantive rulings necessary to promote a uniform application of the tax laws, including all rulings that supersede, revoke, modify, or amend any of those previously published in the Bulletin. All published rulings apply retroactively unless other- wise indicated. Procedures relating solely to matters of inter- nal management are not published; however, statements of internal practices and procedures that affect the rights and duties of taxpayers are published. Revenue rulings represent the conclusions of the Service on the application of the law to the pivotal facts stated in the revenue ruling. In those based on positions taken in rul- ings to taxpayers or technical advice to Service field offices, identifying details and information of a confidential nature are deleted to prevent unwarranted invasions of privacy and to comply with statutory requirements. Rulings and procedures reported in the Bulletin do not have the force and effect of Treasury Department Regulations, but they may be used as precedents. Unpublished rulings will not be relied on, used, or cited as precedents by Service personnel in the disposition of other cases. In applying published rulings and procedures, the effect of subsequent legislation, regulations, court decisions, rulings, and procedures must be considered, and Service personnel and others concerned are cautioned against reaching the same conclusions in other cases unless the facts and circumstances are substantially the same. The Bulletin is divided into four parts as follows: Part I.—1986 Code. This part includes rulings and decisions based on provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. Part II.—Treaties and Tax Legislation. This part is divided into two subparts as follows: Subpart A, Tax Conventions and Other Related Items, and Subpart B, Legislation and Related Committee Reports. Part III.—Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous. To the extent practicable, pertinent cross references to these subjects are contained in the other Parts and Subparts. Also included in this part are Bank Secrecy Act Administrative Rulings. Bank Secrecy Act Administrative Rulings are issued by the Department of the Treasury’s Office of the Assistant Secretary (Enforcement). Part IV.—Items of General Interest. This part includes notices of proposed rulemakings, disbar- ment and suspension lists, and announcements. The last Bulletin for each month includes a cumulative index for the matters published during the preceding months. These monthly indexes are cumulated on a semiannual basis, and are published in the last Bulletin of each semiannual period. The contents of this publication are not copyrighted and may be reprinted freely. A citation of the Internal Revenue Bulletin as the source would be appropriate. June 15, 2020 Bulletin No. 2020–25 Part I 26 CFR §1.6033-2 T.D. 9898 DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Internal Revenue Service 26 CFR Part 1 Guidance Under Section 6033 Regarding the Reporting Requirements of Exempt Organizations AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Final regulation. SUMMARY: This document contains final regulations updating information re- porting regulations under section 6033 that are generally applicable to organizations exempt from tax under section 501(a) to reflect statutory amendments and certain grants of reporting relief for tax-exempt or- ganizations required to file an annual Form 990 or 990-EZ information return that have been made since the previous regulations were adopted. The final regulations affect tax-exempt organizations. DATES: Effective date: The final regula- tions contained in this document are effec- tive on May 28, 2020. Applicability date: For dates of applicabil- ity, see §1.6033-2(l)(2). FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Office of the Associate Chief Counsel (Employee Benefits, Exempt Or- ganizations, and Employment Taxes) at (202) 317-3150 (not a toll-free number). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Subject to various exceptions, section 6033(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) requires every organization ex- empt from taxation under section 501(a) (tax-exempt organization) to file an an- nual return, stating specifically the items of gross income, receipts, and disburse- ments, and such other information for the purpose of carrying out the internal reve- nue laws as the Secretary of the Treasury or his delegate (Secretary) may by forms or regulations prescribe, and keep such re- cords, render under oath such statements, make such other returns, and comply with such rules and regulations as the Secretary may from time to time prescribe. This re- quirement also applies to certain political organizations described in section 527(e) (1) (section 527 organizations). The an- nual information returns required under section 6033 are Forms 990, “Return of Organization Exempt From Income Tax;” 990-EZ, “Short Form Return of Organiza- tion Exempt From Income Tax;” 990-PF, “Return of Private Foundation;” and 990- BL, “Information and Initial Excise Tax Return for Black Lung Benefit Trusts and Certain Related Persons.” Annual returns filed by tax-exempt organizations, sec- tion 527 organizations, nonexempt private foundations described in section 6033(d), and section 4947(a)(1) trusts (which are both treated as organizations described in section 501(c)(3) for this purpose) are in- formation returns intended to help ensure that the filing organizations comply with applicable federal tax laws. Most infor- mation on these annual returns is available for public inspection under section 6104. Section 6033(a)(3) provides a list of organizations that are excepted from the filing requirements imposed under section 6033(a)(1). Specifically, section 6033(a) (3)(A)(ii) provides that section 6033(a)(1) shall not apply to any organization (other than a private foundation) that is described in section 6033(a)(3)(C) whose gross re- ceipts are not normally more than $5,000 annually. The list of organizations pro- vided in section 6033(a)(3)(C) includes certain fraternal beneficiary societies, or- ders or associations described in section 501(c)(8); certain organizations described in section 501(c)(3) (such as religious or- ganizations and educational organizations described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(ii)); and organizations described in section 501(c) (1) that are corporations wholly owned by the United States or any agency or instru- mentality thereof or wholly-owned sub- sidiaries of such corporations. Section 6033(a)(3)(B) provides dis- cretionary authority to the Secretary to relieve any organization required to file under section 6033(a)(1) (other than sup- porting organizations described in section 509(a)(3)) from filing an information re- turn where he determines that such filing is “not necessary to the efficient adminis- tration of the internal revenue laws.” Section 6033(b) provides a list of items that are generally required to be furnished annually by organizations described in section 501(c)(3), “at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may by forms or regulations prescribe.” The stat- utory list of items generally required to be furnished annually has been amended by Congress from time to time to account for additional requirements of organiza- tions described in section 501(c)(3). For example, section 6033(b) was updated by the Taxpayer Bill of Rights 2, Public Law 104-168, in 1996 to include items in sections 6033(b)(10) (relating to taxes imposed on certain lobbying and political expenditures by organizations described in section 501(c)(3)) and 6033(b)(11) (re- lating to taxes imposed with respect to an organization, an organization manager, or any disqualified person under section 4958). Section 6033(g) provides that a section 527 organization that has gross receipts of $25,000 or more for a taxable year 1 shall file an annual return containing the infor- mation required by section 6033(a)(1) for organizations exempt from taxation under section 501(a). The statute authorizes the Secretary to modify the information re- quired to be reported to require only in- formation that is necessary for purposes of carrying out section 527 and such other information as the Secretary deems neces- sary to carry out the provisions of section 6033(g). Section 6033(h) provides additional reporting requirements for controlling or- ganizations, within the meaning of section 512(b)(13). Section 6033(h) requires con- 1 In the case of a qualified State or local political organization described in section 527(e)(5), $25,000 is replaced by $100,000. Bulletin No. 2020–25 935 June 15, 2020 trolling organizations to include on their returns any (1) interest, annuities, royal- ties, or rents received from each controlled entity (within the meaning of section 512(b)(13)), (2) any loans made to each such controlled entity, and (3) any trans- fers of funds between such controlling or- ganization and each such controlled entity. Section 6033(k) provides additional re- porting requirements for sponsoring orga- nizations described in section 4966(d)(1). Section 6033(k) requires each such orga- nization to report on its annual return (1) the total number of donor advised funds (as defined in section 4966(d)(2)) it owns at the end of such taxable year, (2) the ag- gregate value of assets held in such funds at the end of such taxable year, and (3) the aggregate contributions to and grants made from such funds during such taxable year. Section 6033(l) provides additional re- porting requirements for supporting orga- nizations described in section 509(a)(3). Section 6033(l) requires each supporting organization to report on its annual re- turn: (1) The supported organizations (as defined in section 509(f)(3)) with respect to which such organization provides sup- port; (2) whether the organization meets the requirements of clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of section 509(a)(3)(B); and (3) a certifi- cation that the organization meets the re- quirements of section 509(a)(3)(C). The general rule regarding confidenti- ality of returns is found in section 6103, which provides that returns and return information shall be confidential, and, ex- cept as authorized by the Code, no person having access to this information shall disclose any return or return information obtained by that person in any manner. Section 6104 provides an exception to the general rule regarding confidenti- ality of returns. In general, under section 6104(b), the Secretary must make the annual returns filed under section 6033 available to the public. However, section 6104(b) does not authorize the Secretary to disclose to the public the name or ad- dress of any contributor to any tax-exempt organization except a private foundation (as defined in section 509(a), including a trust described in section 4947(a)(1) that is treated as a private foundation) or a section 527 organization. Section 301.6104(b)-1(b)(2) provides that al- though the names and addresses are not to be disclosed, the amounts of contributions to an organization shall be made available for public inspection unless the disclosure of such information can reasonably be ex- pected to identify any contributor. In addition to the required disclosure of annual returns by the Secretary, section 6104(d) and §301.6104(d)-1 require cer- tain tax-exempt organizations to provide their annual information returns to a mem- ber of the public upon request. Similar to the restrictions on disclosing contributor information placed on the Secretary by section 6104(b), section 6104(d)(3)(A) provides that an organization, other than a private foundation or a section 527 or- ganization, is not required to disclose the names and addresses of its contributors. The Treasury Regulations in effect pri- or to this Treasury Decision (prior regu- lations), which remain largely unchanged, reflected many of the statutory require- ments of section 6033. Consistent with section 6033(a)(1), §1.6033-2(a)(1) of the regulations provides that “except as pro- vided in section 6033(a)(3) and paragraph (g) [of §1.6033-2], every organization ex- empt from taxation under section 501(a) shall file an annual information return specifically setting forth its items of gross income, gross receipts and disbursements, and such other information as may be pre- scribed in the instructions, issued with re- spect to the return.” Although the information to be report- ed for any particular tax year is set forth in the forms and instructions for each such year, §1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii) of the regulations also provides a list of “information gener- ally required to be furnished by an orga- nization exempt under section 501(a)” on the annual return, which generally tracks section 6033(b). 2 However, the list in the prior regulations had not been updated to reflect certain information that the statute generally requires to be reported because the statute had been amended following the original issuance of the regulations. Specifically, items in sections 6033(b) (10) (relating to taxes imposed on certain lobbying and political expenditures by organizations described in section 501(c) (3)) and 6033(b)(11) (relating to taxes im- posed with respect to an organization, an organization manager, or any disqualified person under section 4958) were not re- flected in the prior regulations. Two provisions of the prior regulations expanded upon the statute with regard to the reporting of certain contributor infor- mation. First, section 6033(b)(5) requires organizations described in section 501(c) (3) generally to provide on the annual information return filed with the IRS the names and addresses of persons who con- tribute $5,000 or more during the taxable year. Section 1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii)(F) of the prior regulations had extended this re- quirement beyond section 501(c)(3) orga- nizations to all organizations exempt from taxation under section 501(a). Second, §1.6033-2(a)(2)(iii)(D) of the prior reg- ulations provided that organizations de- scribed in section 501(c)(7) (social clubs), section 501(c)(8) (fraternal beneficiary societies), or section 501(c)(10) (domestic fraternal societies) generally must report the name of each person who contributes more than $1,000 to be used exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or educational purposes, or for the preven- tion of cruelty to children or animals. Incorporating the statutory filing ex- ceptions of section 6033(a)(3), §1.6033- 2(g)(1) provides a list of organizations that are not required to file an annual re- turn under section 6033(a)(1). Within that list, §1.6033-2(g)(1)(iii) previously pro- vided that certain specified organizations described in section 6033(a)(3)(C) whose gross receipts are generally not more than $5,000 annually are not required to file the return required under section 6033(a)(1). Further, §1.6033-2(g)(6) provides that the Commissioner may relieve any organiza- tion or class of organizations (other than a supporting organization described in section 509(a)(3)) from filing, in whole or 2 The list in the regulations includes, but is not limited to, gross income for the year; dues and assessments from members and affiliates for the year; expenses incurred within the year at- tributable to gross income; disbursements (including prior years' accumulations) made within the year for the purposes for which it is exempt; a balance sheet showing its assets, liabilities, and net worth as of the beginning and end of such year; the total of the contributions, gifts, grants and similar amounts received by it during the taxable year; the names and addresses of all officers, directors, or trustees (or any person having responsibilities or powers similar to those of officers, directors or trustees) of the organization; and certain compensation and payment information. See §1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii). June 15, 2020 936 Bulletin No. 2020–25 Bulletin No. 2020–25 937 June 15, 2020 in part, the annual return required under section 6033 if the Commissioner “deter- mines that such returns are not necessary for the efficient administration of the in- ternal revenue laws.” Accordingly, other than with regard to supporting organizations, section 6033 and the regulations under section 6033 provide the Commissioner with broad discretionary authority to determine what information must be reported and to grant relief, in whole or in part, from the annual filing requirements of tax-exempt organi- zations if the Commissioner determines that the information is not necessary for the efficient administration of the internal revenue laws. For decades, the Commissioner has exercised discretion under section 6033(a)(3)(B) and §1.6033-2(g)(6) to re- lieve organizations of filing requirements under section 6033 through subregulato- ry guidance such as revenue procedures and annual information return instruc- tions including, for example, Rev. Proc. 95-48, 1995-2 C.B. 418, which grants re- porting relief for governmental units and affiliates of governmental units, and Rev. Proc. 96-10, 1996-1 C.B. 577, which re- lieves from a filing requirement under section 6033(a) certain organizations that are operated, controlled, or supervised by one or more churches, integrated auxil- iaries, or conventions or associations of churches. (Both revenue procedures are discussed further in Part VI of the Sum- mary of Comments and Explanation of Provisions section of this preamble.) Revenue Procedure 83-23, 1983-1 C.B. 687, represents another exercise of this discretion. In that revenue procedure, the Department of the Treasury (Treasury Department) and the IRS increased to $25,000 the minimum amount of gross receipts normally required to be received in a year by an organization exempt un- der section 501(a) to trigger a filing re- quirement under section 6033(a). That revenue procedure also expanded the group of tax-exempt organizations not required to file an annual information return due to a gross receipts threshold beyond those listed in section 6033(a)(3) (C). Revenue Procedure 2011-15, 2011- 3 I.R.B. 322, further increased this gross receipts threshold amount to $50,000 for most organizations exempt under section 501(a). 3 Revenue Procedure 2011-15 also relieved most foreign organizations and organizations formed in a United States possession from a filing requirement un- der section 6033(a) if their gross receipts from sources within the United States do not exceed the $50,000 threshold and if they have no significant activity (includ- ing lobbying and political activity and the operation of a trade or business, but excluding investment activity) in the United States. Similarly, consistent with past exer- cises of authority under section 6033 and the prior regulations, the Treasury De- partment and the IRS issued Rev. Proc. 2018-38, 2018-31 I.R.B. 280, granting tax-exempt organizations required to file the Form 990 or Form 990–EZ, other than organizations described in section 501(c) (3), relief from reporting the names and addresses of contributors on Schedules B, “Schedule of Contributors,” filed with Form 990 or 990-EZ (or completing the similar portions of Part IV of the Form 990–BL). Revenue Procedure 2018-38 also provided that organizations described in sections 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) need not provide the names and addresses of per- sons who contributed more than $1,000 during the taxable year to be used for exclusively charitable purposes on their annual information returns required under section 6033. Revenue Procedure 2018- 38 did not affect the information required to be reported on Forms 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF by organizations described in sec- tion 501(c)(3) (which for purposes of sec- tion 6033 include nonexempt charitable trusts described in section 4947(a)(1) and nonexempt private foundations described in section 6033(d)) or section 527 organi- zations. On July 30, 2019, the United States District Court for the District of Montana set aside Rev. Proc. 2018-38 on procedur- al grounds because, in the court’s view, the notice and comment procedures of the Administrative Procedure Act applied and Rev. Proc. 2018-38 had not been subject to such notice and comment. See Bull- ock, et al. v. IRS, 401 F.Supp.3d 1144 (D. Mont. Jul. 30, 2019). However, the court emphasized that its ruling did not impli- cate the merits of the revenue procedure and that “the substance” of the Commis- sioner’s ultimate decision on reporting the names and addresses of contributors “remains subject to the Commissioner’s discretion.” Id. at 1154, 1159. On September 10, 2019, the Trea- sury Department and the IRS published a notice of proposed rulemaking (REG- 102508-16) in the Federal Register (84 FR 47447) containing proposed regula- tions under section 6033 (2019 proposed regulations). The Treasury Department and the IRS received 8,387 written and electronic comments responding to the 2019 proposed regulations. Comments are available at www.regulations.gov or upon request. A public hearing on the 2019 pro- posed regulations was held on February 7, 2020. After consideration of all comments received on the 2019 proposed regulations and the testimony presented at the public hearing, this Treasury Decision adopts the proposed regulations with minor modifi- cations, as described in the Summary of Comments and Explanation of Provisions. Summary of Comments and Explanation of Provisions I. Overview The 2019 proposed regulations pro- posed to modify the regulations under section 6033 to align them with certain statutory amendments to section 6033 that had not previously been reflected in the regulations, and to update them to encom- pass certain instances in which the Com- missioner has previously exercised discre- tion under the statute and regulations to relieve organizations, in whole or in part, from the filing requirements set forth in section 6033 or in the regulations issued under section 6033. Specifically, the proposed changes in- cluded the following: (1) Adding items listed in section 6033(b)(10) and (11), as applicable, to the list of items gener- ally required to be reported and adding 3 An organization that is not required to file an annual return by virtue of Rev. Proc. 2011-15 must submit a Form 990-N e-Postcard annually in electronic format as described in section 6033(i) (1). Rev. Proc. 2011-15, section 3.03. June 15, 2020 938 Bulletin No. 2020–25 other statutory reporting requirements for controlling organizations, spon- soring organizations, and supporting organizations; (2) amending the gross receipts threshold (with an additional requirement for foreign organizations and United States possession organiza- tions) that triggers a filing requirement under section 6033 for tax-exempt or- ganizations (other than private founda- tions and supporting organizations); (3) clarifying that section 527 organizations with gross receipts greater than $25,000 generally are subject to the reporting re- quirements under section 6033(a)(1) as if they were exempt from taxes under section 501(a); and (4) specifying that only organizations described in section 501(c)(3) and section 527 organizations generally would continue to be required to provide names and addresses of con- tributors on their Forms 990, Forms 990-EZ, and Forms 990-PF. The following sections address these proposed changes in more detail, sum- marize the comments received on the proposed changes, provide the responses of the Treasury Department and the IRS to the comments, and describe the final regulation adopted in this Treasury De- cision. II. Items Required in Annual Information Returns In the 2019 proposed regulations, the Treasury Department and the IRS pro- posed to amend §1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii) by adding two new provisions to reflect in- formation to be furnished annually that had been added to section 6033(b) but that had not yet been added to the list in the regulations of items generally required to be reported on an organization’s an- nual information return. These items of information are listed in section 6033(b) (10) (relating to taxes imposed on certain lobbying and political expenditures by organizations described in section 501(c) (3)) and 6033(b)(11) (relating to taxes imposed with respect to an organization, an organization manager, or any disqual- ified person on any excess benefit trans- action under section 4958). In addition, a cross-reference to §1.6033-2(a)(1) was proposed to be added to the introductory sentence of §1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii). The Treasury Department and the IRS also proposed to incorporate into the regulations the statutory reporting re- quirements found in section 6033(h) for controlling organizations (as defined in section 512(b)(13)), section 6033(k) for sponsoring organizations (as defined in section 4966(d)(1)), and section 6033(l) for supporting organizations (as defined in section 509(a)(3)). The Treasury Department and the IRS did not receive any comments on these ad- ditions to §1.6033-2. This Treasury Deci- sion adopts these provisions from the 2019 proposed regulations without change. III. Gross Receipts Filing Threshold Consistent with the discretionary au- thority granted by section 6033(a)(1)(B), the Treasury Department and the IRS previously determined that the efficient administration of the tax laws does not re- quire the filing of returns by organizations that are exempt under section 501(a) (oth- er than private foundations and supporting organizations) that normally have less than $50,000 in gross receipts annually, except for foreign organizations and organizations formed in a United States possession that have significant activity (including lobby- ing and political activity and the operation of a trade or business, but excluding in- vestment activity) in the United States. See Rev. Proc. 2011-15. In the 2019 proposed regulations, the Treasury Department and the IRS proposed to amend §1.6033-2(g) (1)(iii) to reflect the $50,000 gross receipts filing threshold currently in effect, rather than the $5,000 gross receipts threshold found in section 6033(a)(3)(A)(ii), and the application of the $50,000 threshold to or- ganizations other than those listed in sec- tion 6033(a)(3)(C). The Treasury Department and the IRS received two comments expressing sup- port for amending the regulations to re- flect the $50,000 threshold and one com- ment stating, without explaining why, that organizations with annual gross receipts normally not more than $50,000 but more than $25,000 ought to be required to file a return. As discussed earlier in this sec- tion III, the Treasury Department and the IRS increased the filing threshold from $25,000 to $50,000 in 2011 based on a consideration of the needs of tax admin- istration. The Treasury Department and the IRS continue to consider the $50,000 threshold to strike an appropriate balance between the efficient use of resources for both tax-exempt organizations and the IRS, and ensuring compliance with the tax laws by tax-exempt organizations. Or- ganizations with gross receipts below the threshold must continue to file Form 990- N under section 6033(i). Accordingly, the final regulations pro- vide that the gross receipts threshold for all organizations (other than private foun- dations and supporting organizations) formed in the United States is $50,000. The final regulations also incorporate the previously granted relief from the filing requirement under section 6033(a) for foreign organizations and organizations formed in a United States possession (oth- er than private foundations and support- ing organizations) that is reflected in Rev. Proc. 2011-15. In the 2019 proposed regulations, the Treasury Department and the IRS also proposed to amend §1.6033-2(g)(6) to clarify that the Commissioner has authori- ty to provide further relief (including pos- sible further increases in filing thresholds) through forms, instructions to forms, or guidance published in the Internal Rev- enue Bulletin. The Treasury Department and the IRS did not receive any comments on this proposed clarification, and the fi- nal regulations incorporate the language as proposed. IV. Clarifying the Treatment of Section 527 Organizations In the 2019 proposed regulations, the Treasury Department and the IRS pro- posed to add §1.6033-2(a)(5) to state the current requirement that section 527 or- ganizations, subject to the filing excep- tions provided by section 6033(g)(3) or as permitted under section 6033(g)(4), follow the reporting requirements under section 6033(a)(1) in the same manner as tax-exempt organizations, except to the extent that the Commissioner revises those requirements as appropriate to carry out the purposes of section 527. Proposed §1.6033-2(a)(5) would also state the cur- rent requirement that section 527 organi- zations, like organizations described in section 501(c)(3), must continue to report Bulletin No. 2020–25 939 June 15, 2020 the names and addresses of certain con- tributors on the section 527 organizations’ annual Forms 990 or Forms 990-EZ. The Treasury Department and the IRS did not receive comments on this clari- fication of the treatment of section 527 organizations in §1.6033-2(a)(5). This Treasury Decision adopts these provisions from the 2019 proposed regulations with- out change. The Treasury Department and the IRS received one comment requesting that all qualified state and local political organiza- tions described in section 527(e)(5) be ex- empted from annual filing requirements. Section 6033(g)(1) generally requires a section 527 organization to file an annual information return if it has annual gross receipts of $25,000 or more for the taxable year (subject to mandatory exceptions in section 6033(g)(3)) but provides a higher threshold of $100,000 or more of gross receipts for qualified state and local polit- ical organizations. Under section 6033(g) (4), the Secretary has discretionary au- thority to relieve any section 527 organi- zation from filing an information return if the Secretary determines that such filing is “not necessary to the efficient admin- istration of the internal revenue laws.” Because the filing threshold for qualified state and local political organizations un- der section 6033(g)(1) already is higher than the threshold that applies to orga- nizations exempt from tax under section 501(a), the Treasury Department and the IRS do not adopt this suggestion. V. Reporting of Names and Addresses of Contributors As stated in the 2019 proposed regula- tions, section 6033 does not specify that the names and addresses of contributors to tax-exempt organizations, other than those described in section 501(c)(3), be reported on annual information returns. Consistent with the Secretary’s broad discretion un- der section 6033(a) to set forth information reporting requirements ‘‘for the purpose of carrying out the internal revenue laws . . . by forms or regulations,’’ § 1.6033–2(a)(2) (ii) lists items that are generally required to be included in the annual filings of organi- zations exempt under section 501(a). In the 2019 proposed regulations, the Treasury Department and the IRS proposed to amend the regulations to specify that the need to provide the names and addresses of sub- stantial contributors will generally apply only to tax-exempt organizations described in section 501(c)(3), and to remove refer- ence to the provision of names of certain contributors to organizations described in sections 501(c)(7), (8), and (10). The pro- posed regulations did not alter the existing requirement contained in Schedule B of the Form 990 and 990-EZ for tax-exempt orga- nizations to report annually the amounts of contributions from each substantial contrib- utor, or the existing requirement to main- tain the names and addresses of substantial contributors should the IRS need this infor- mation on a case-by-case basis. In proposing to exercise this discre- tion, the Treasury Department and the IRS sought to balance the IRS’s need for the information for tax administration purpos- es against the costs and risks associated with reporting of the information. The majority of the comments the Trea- sury Department and the IRS received in response to the 2019 proposed regula- tions concerned the general requirement for reporting of names and addresses of substantial contributors. 4 This information is reported on Schedule B, “Schedule of Contributors,” to Forms 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF. The next several sections of this preamble summarize and respond to those comments. a. IRS Need for Annual Reporting of Names and Addresses of Substantial Contributors for Tax Administration Purposes Some commenters favoring the pro- posed changes stated that the IRS does not need the names and addresses of sub- stantial contributors to tax-exempt organi- zations to which the relief extends to be reported annually, and expected that other information contained in Forms 990 or 990-EZ would be adequate for adminis- tration of the Code. Commenters favoring the proposed changes also noted that the names and addresses are still required to be maintained and the IRS can obtain that information on examination. These com- menters asserted that such an approach is more appropriately tailored to the IRS’s need for the information than a blanket reporting requirement. Several other commenters opposing the proposed changes asserted instead that the IRS would not be as efficient in enforcing federal tax laws without direct access to the names and addresses of sub- stantial contributors to the tax-exempt or- ganizations affected by the proposed rule. These commenters asserted that informa- tion contained elsewhere in Forms 990 and 990-EZ were not adequate substitutes for information contained in Schedule B for purposes of evaluating private benefit or enforcing political activity limits on organizations described in section 501(c) (4). Some commenters also asserted that obtaining contributor names and address- es on examination was not a sufficient substitute for having the information on hand for the following reasons. Some commenters suggested that requesting the information on examination could be a “tip-off” to the organization that it is un- der additional scrutiny, leading the organi- zation to hide assets and destroy or falsify evidence. Some commenters suggested that Schedule B contains information that helps the IRS initially determine whether or not it should conduct an examination. And some commenters suggested that re- questing information on an ad hoc basis is not efficient for the IRS or affected tax-ex- empt organizations. The concerns expressed by comment- ers opposing the proposed changes are misplaced. As explained in the pream- ble to the 2019 proposed regulations, the IRS does not need the names and addresses of substantial contributors to tax-exempt organizations not described in section 501(c)(3) to be reported annu- ally on Schedule B of Form 990 or Form 990-EZ in order to administer the inter- 4 No comments were received specifically addressing the removal of the requirement to provide the names of certain contributors to organizations described in sections 501(c)(7), (8), and (10). However, most comments did not distinguish between types of tax-exempt organizations affected by the proposed changes, and some of the issues discussed are applicable to the specific change to reporting requirements of organizations described in sections 501(c)(7), (8), and (10). June 15, 2020 940 Bulletin No. 2020–25 nal revenue laws. For the specific pur- pose of evaluating possible private bene- fit or inurement or other potential issues relating to qualification for exemption, the IRS can obtain sufficient informa- tion from other elements of the Form 990 or Form 990-EZ and can obtain the names and addresses of substantial con- tributors, along with other information, upon examination, as needed. In light of the inefficiencies involved in collecting, maintaining, and redacting this infor- mation if it were reported annually, the Treasury Department and the IRS do not agree with comments suggesting that requiring affected tax-exempt organiza- tions to provide name and address infor- mation of substantial contributors upon examination is less efficient for the IRS and affected tax-exempt organizations. Moreover, as noted in the proposed reg- ulations, the primary utility of the names and addresses of substantial contributors arises during the examination process. While some commenters suggested that such information could be used before an examination to determine whether an examination is warranted, the IRS takes various factors into account when decid- ing whether to select a case for examina- tion, and the IRS’s process for selection would not be affected by this change. Since examinations are initiated by pre- scribed correspondence, the taxpayer will already know of the IRS’s compli- ance interest before receiving the request for the particular information. Therefore, the Treasury Department and the IRS have determined that the an- nual collection of the names and addresses of substantial contributors to tax-exempt organizations, other than organizations described in section 501(c)(3), is not nec- essary for the efficient administration of the internal revenue laws. Instead, requir- ing all tax-exempt organizations to report the amounts of contributions from each substantial contributor on the Schedule B of the Form 990 and 990-EZ, as well as requiring them to maintain the names and addresses of substantial contributors should the IRS need this information on a case-by-case basis, is sufficient for the efficient administration of the Code. b. Privacy and Risk of Disclosure Commenters supporting the proposed changes relating to the furnishing of cer- tain contributors’ names and addresses expressed general concerns about the privacy of contributors to tax-exempt organizations. While the IRS is statuto- rily required to maintain the confidenti- ality of contributor names and addresses pursuant to section 6104(b), some com- menters expressed concern that such in- formation may accidentally be disclosed or that IRS systems could be breached. Some commenters also discussed the risk of disclosure by state authorities to the extent contributor names and addresses are shared by the IRS with an appropri- ate state officer consistent with section 6104(c). A few commenters also ex- pressed concern that politically or ideo- logically motivated IRS employees could leak contributor names and addresses or select certain contributors for additional tax scrutiny. In contrast, however, some commenters, who opposed the proposed changes eliminating the requirement to report certain contributor names and ad- dresses, asserted that the risk of disclo- sure is insubstantial. The IRS takes seriously its duty to pro- tect confidential information as required by section 6103 and to enforce the internal revenue laws with integrity and fairness to all. However, reporting the names and ad- dresses of substantial contributors on an annual basis poses a risk of inadvertent disclosure of information that is not open to public inspection because information on Schedule B generally must be redacted from an otherwise disclosable informa- tion return. The IRS has experienced in- cidents of inadvertent disclosure and has taken other steps to reduce future occur- rences of such disclosures. By removing the general requirement to report names and addresses of substantial contributors to tax-exempt organizations not described in section 501(c)(3), the final regulations further reduce the risk of inadvertent dis- closure of names and addresses of contrib- utors for such organizations. Without a tax administration need to collect this infor- mation on an annual basis, the Treasury Department and the IRS have determined this change in affected tax-exempt organi- zations’ reporting obligations furthers the steps already taken to protect confidential taxpayer information. c. Harassment of Contributors and Related Constitutional Concerns Commenters supporting the proposed change also discussed, often in connec- tion with the risk-of-disclosure issue, the concern that supporters of certain causes or organizations face possible reprisals (such as harassment, threats of violence, or economic retribution) if their status as contributors is revealed publicly. Addi- tional commenters discussed the concern that fear of exposure and fear of reprisal may have a “chilling effect,” discouraging or deterring potential contributors from giving to certain tax-exempt organizations and reducing public participation in orga- nizations benefiting social welfare. Many of these commenters believed this “chill- ing effect” implicates constitutional rights such as freedom of speech and freedom of association. Other commenters opposing the pro- posed change asserted that requiring reporting to the IRS of substantial con- tributors’ names and addresses is consti- tutional, citing federal appellate court de- cisions upholding state laws requiring that charitable organizations provide state reg- ulators with copies of unredacted Sched- ules B. 5 The Treasury Department and the IRS note that the names and addresses of sub- stantial contributors provided to the IRS are generally required to be kept confi- dential in accordance with section 6103. By removing the general requirement to report annually names and addresses of substantial contributors to organizations exempt under section 501(a) but not described in section 501(c)(3), the final regulations reduce the risk of inadver- tent disclosure of names and addresses of contributors for such organizations and thereby address concerns expressed by some commenters regarding potential adverse consequences of any such public disclosures. 5 Citizens United v. Schneiderman, 882 F.3d 374 (2d Cir. 2018); Center for Competitive Politics v. Harris, 784 F.3d 1307 (9th Cir. 2015). Bulletin No. 2020–25 941 June 15, 2020 d. Compliance Burden on Affected Tax- Exempt Organizations and Associated Costs on the IRS Some commenters supporting the pro- posed changes to the general requirement to report names and addresses of substan- tial contributors mentioned an expectation that the changes would reduce the compli- ance burden on affected tax-exempt orga- nizations, allowing such organizations to spend more time and resources on their missions. Commenters also expressed an expectation that the proposed changes would reduce the burden on the IRS asso- ciated with the redaction of information as required by section 6104(b). Other commenters opposed the pro- posed changes regarding the general re- quirement to report names and addresses of substantial contributors, stating that both the compliance costs associated with reporting contributor names and address- es and the IRS burden associated with redacting such information are insubstan- tial. Some commenters further argued that the proposed changes would lead to an increase in compliance costs for tax-ex- empt organizations as individual states, no longer able to rely on Schedule B in- formation obtained from the IRS, would develop their own disparate reporting re- quirements. The Treasury Department and the IRS agree with certain commenters that limit- ing the general requirement to report names and addresses of substantial contributors will reduce costs with respect to feder- al tax compliance. While it is true that all tax-exempt organizations will continue to be required to maintain records regarding their substantial contributors, removing the annual reporting requirement will lessen their overall compliance burden. In addi- tion, this change will obviate the need for an affected tax-exempt organization to re- dact name and address information if the tax-exempt organization must provide its Schedule B to a member of the public if re- quested under section 6104(b). Particularly for smaller tax-exempt organizations with limited resources, few dedicated staff, and less access to advisors regarding the rules governing tax-exempt organizations elim- inating this requirement will be beneficial. Without a tax administration need for annually reporting name and address in- formation, the Treasury Department and the IRS determined that it is valuable to save tax-exempt organizations the ad- ministrative burdens of reporting and re- dacting it. While some commenters have suggested that some states may choose to impose their own reporting requirements, thereby increasing the compliance burden on tax-exempt organizations, the Treasury Department and the IRS expect that each state can determine the appropriateness of the burdens it may impose in light of its own tax administration needs. Similarly, the potential burden on the IRS associated with redacting Schedule B information is lessened when fewer orga- nizations are required to report names and addresses on Schedule B. This reduction in burden, when combined with the lack of tax administration need discussed ear- lier in this preamble, supports specifying that the need to provide the names and addresses of substantial contributors will generally apply only to organizations de- scribed in section 501(c)(3), as provided in the statute. e. Extension of Relief to Organizations Described in Section 501(c)(3) A few commenters supported the pro- posed changes, but also requested that the Treasury Department and the IRS extend the relief from reporting the names and addresses of substantial contributors to organizations described in section 501(c) (3). One commenter asserted that the IRS had exceeded its statutory authority by requiring the reporting of the names and addresses of substantial contributors to organizations described in section 501(c) (3) (other than private foundations). That commenter contends that the Secretary only has the authority to request the names and addresses of substantial contributors as that term is defined in section 507(d) (2). This definition, according to the com- menter, would limit the existence of sub- stantial contributors solely to contributors to private foundations and would require that a contributor have provided more than two percent of the total contributions to the organization over its lifetime. The Treasury Department and the IRS do not agree with this interpretation of section 6033(b). Section 507(d)(2) spe- cifically limits the application of the defi- nition of “substantial contributor” found therein to section 507(d)(1). Section 6033 does not incorporate the definition of substantial contributor found in section 507(d)(2) and provides the Secretary with broad discretion to prescribe information to be collected on an annual return that is necessary for carrying out the purposes of the Code. Accordingly, consistent with section 6033(b), the Treasury Department and the IRS have the authority to contin- ue to require that organizations described in section 501(c)(3) report the names and addresses of substantial contributors on Schedule B. The Treasury Department and the IRS decline to extend the relief from reporting names and addresses of substantial contributors to organizations described in section 501(c)(3) in this final regulation. f. Campaign Finance Enforcement Commenters opposing the proposed changes to the general requirement to re- port names and addresses of substantial contributors commonly invoked concerns about the use of tax-exempt entities, in- cluding by special interests, to anony- mously influence elections and enable improper interference in U.S. elections. Commenters asserted that the proposed changes would lead to an increase in the flow of money into U.S. elections through organizations described in sections 501(c) (4) and (6). Several commenters also sug- gested that the changes would make it more difficult to detect foreign spending or federal contractor spending on U.S. elections in violation of federal campaign finance laws. One commenter discussed 52 U.S.C. 30111(f), asserting that Con- gress had directed the IRS to “consult and work with” the Federal Election Com- mission (FEC) on rulemakings regarding campaign finance matters. Other commenters supporting the pro- posed changes stated that there are other, better measures in place to track foreign spending on U.S. elections than Schedule B and that it is unlikely that contributors who are intending to violate campaign fi- nance laws will use foreign addresses or otherwise make clear their violation in a manner subject to reporting to the IRS on Schedule B. Commenters also stated that the IRS generally cannot share Schedule June 15, 2020 942 Bulletin No. 2020–25 B information with the agencies charged with enforcing campaign finance laws. As stated in the preamble to the 2019 proposed regulations, the Treasury De- partment and the IRS reiterate that Con- gress has not authorized the IRS to en- force campaign finance laws. Schedule B reflects the enforcement needs related to the Code, not the campaign finance laws. Furthermore, section 6103 generally pro- hibits the IRS from disclosing any names and addresses of organizations’ substan- tial contributors to federal agencies for non-tax investigations, including cam- paign finance matters, except in narrowly prescribed circumstances. 6 With regard to coordination with the FEC, section 30111(f) of title 52 does not require the IRS to consult with the FEC on regulations issued by the IRS under the Code. Instead, section 30111 of title 52 authorizes the FEC to prescribe rules, regulations, and forms to carry out the provisions of the Federal Election Cam- paign Act and requires the FEC to con- sult with the IRS when “prescribing such rules under this section.” This final regu- lation is prescribed by the IRS, not by the FEC; and, it is prescribed under section 7805 of title 26, not section 30111 of title 52. Finally, the Treasury Department and the IRS note that the change in reporting of the names and addresses of substantial contributors will have no effect on infor- mation currently available to the public. Sections 6103 and 6104 prohibit the IRS from publicly disclosing the names and addresses of contributors to tax-exempt organizations (other than private founda- tions). With respect to such tax-exempt organizations, any names and addresses of substantial contributors on Schedule B are not made public and disclosure re- strictions generally prohibit making such information available for use by other agencies for their enforcement purposes. 7 g. Impact on States Some commenters opposing the pro- posed changes discussed the impact on the state taxing and other authorities that may use Schedule B information shared by the IRS pursuant to sections 6103(d) or 6104(c). 8 In these comments, which included a comment from the attorneys general of nineteen states 9 and the District of Columbia, commenters discussed the states’ use of Schedule B information for purposes related to state tax administra- tion, enforcement of state-level campaign finance law, and enforcement of state-lev- el consumer protection law. Commenters claimed that no longer receiving Schedule B information from the IRS would require a reorientation of processes that would cost the states time and money. A few commenters also referenced a history of cooperation between the IRS and state tax regulators in this area. Other commenters in favor of the pro- posed changes asserted that states are not allowed to use Schedule B information for non-tax purposes and that states, in any event, did not need Schedule B in- formation for the efficient administration of state tax laws. A comment from elev- en state attorneys general 10 asserted that states would not be negatively impacted by the proposed rule because they do not rely on the Schedule B data for enforce- ment efforts and can receive the informa- tion through targeted examinations. The Treasury Department and the IRS reiterate that the Code limits the purposes for which states may use returns or return information obtained from the IRS. When states receive returns or return informa- tion under section 6103(d), the use of that information is limited to the administra- tion of state tax laws. When states receive returns or return information under sec- tion 6104(c), the use of that information is limited by statute to administering state laws relating to the solicitation or admin- istration of charitable funds or charitable assets of such organizations. Use of re- turns or return information received from the IRS under these sections for purposes other than those listed above (for example, for the enforcement of campaign finance laws or consumer protection laws) is not consistent with states’ authorized use un- der sections 6103(d) and 6104(c). While some states may use name and address information for those authorized purpos- es, the divergent comments from state at- torneys general indicate that the desire to obtain such information, and the purpose for doing so, may differ from state to state. To the extent that any state determines that the burdens of collecting and maintaining such information are justified by its own needs, such a state is free to require report- ing of such information to the state and to maintain the information at the state’s own expense. h. Conclusion As explained in the preamble to the 2019 proposed regulations, in exercising the discretion to relieve tax-exempt orga- nizations not described in section 501(c) (3) of the obligation to annually report the names and addresses of substantial con- tributors, the Treasury Department and the IRS seek to balance the IRS’s need for the information for tax administration purpos- es against the burden and risks associated with reporting of the information. 6 The confidentiality and disclosure of tax returns and return information in both tax and non-tax investigations is governed by section 6103. Section 6103 contains several provi- sions authorizing the disclosure of returns and return information to Federal law enforcement agencies under prescribed circumstances after meeting specified procedural require- ments. For example, these include disclosures to DOJ for the investigation and prosecution of non-tax Federal crimes via an ex parte court order or via a request from the highest ranking official of a Federal agency or the highest officials within DOJ and in the course of an investigation after referral to and approval by DOJ as a Grand Jury Tax Investigation. In the context of states, sections 6103 and 6104 authorize disclosure of certain returns and return information to the states for specified purposes. Generally, section 6103(d) authorizes disclo- sure to state tax agencies for state tax administration purposes only, while section 6104(c) permits disclosure of return information, in the case of organizations other than those described in section 501(c)(1) or (3), to an appropriate state officer to the extent necessary in administering state laws relating to the solicitation or administration of charitable funds or charitable assets of such organizations, if certain requirements are met. Some states may also independently obtain contributor information from the organizations. 7 See note 6. 8 Note that some commenters are unclear as to how the states obtained the Schedule B information. Information that a state obtains directly from a tax-exempt organization as part of its state filing is not information disclosed by the IRS under either section 6103 or section 6104. 9 The nineteen attorneys general represented the states of New Jersey, New York, California, Connecticut, Colorado, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Virginia. 10 The eleven attorneys general represented the states of Arizona, Alabama, Alaska, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and West Virginia. Bulletin No. 2020–25 943 June 15, 2020 The Treasury Department and the IRS have concluded that the IRS does not need the names and addresses of sub- stantial contributors to tax-exempt orga- nizations not described in section 501(c) (3) to be reported annually on Schedule B of Form 990 or Form 990-EZ in order to administer the internal revenue laws. In light of the risks and burden associ- ated with requiring the annual reporting of such information, this Treasury Deci- sion revises the regulations under section 6033 to remove the general requirement for tax-exempt organizations not de- scribed in sections 501(c)(3) or 527 to report annually the names and addresses of substantial contributors. This Treasury Decision revises §1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii)(F) to provide that or- ganizations described in section 501(c)(3) generally are required to provide names and addresses of contributors of more than $5,000 on their Forms 990, 990-EZ, and 990-PF. Similarly, §1.6033-2(a)(2)(iii) (D) is revised to remove the requirement to provide the names of contributors who contribute over $1,000 for a specific char- itable purpose to organizations described in sections 501(c)(7), (8), and (10). Addi- tionally, as discussed earlier in this pream- ble, section 527 organizations must con- tinue to report the names and addresses of substantial contributors. Tax-exempt organizations must con- tinue to report the amounts of contribu- tions from each substantial contributor as well as maintain the names and addresses of their substantial contributors in their books and records in accordance with section 6001 and §1.6001-1(a) and (c) in order to permit the IRS to efficiently ad- minister the internal revenue laws through examinations of specific taxpayers. The records retained will enable organiza- tions to substantiate upon examination the number of certain contributors and the amounts of their contributions and, if needed, to address any concerns iden- tified during the examination for which the identity of the substantial contributors would be relevant. VI. Rev. Proc. 95-48 and Rev. Proc. 96-10 In the preamble to the 2019 proposed regulations, the Treasury Department and the IRS requested comments on any other grants of section 6033 reporting relief announced in past exercises of the Commissioner’s discretion that should be incorporated into the regulations or any other clarifications to reflect statuto- ry changes since the original promulga- tion of §1.6033-2. In light of the 2006 amendment to section 6033(a)(3)(B), which proscribes the Commissioner’s ability to exercise discretion to relieve from filing any organization described in section 509(a)(3), the Treasury Depart- ment and the IRS requested comments on the continued applicability of Rev. Proc. 96-10, 1996-1 C.B. 138, which relieves from a filing requirement under section 6033(a) certain organizations that are operated, controlled, or supervised by one or more churches, integrated auxil- iaries, or conventions or associations of churches. The Treasury Department and the IRS received five comments requesting that the filing exception contained in Rev. Proc. 96-10 be incorporated into the regulations or that the Treasury Department and the IRS simply refrain from obsoleting Rev. Proc. 96-10. One commenter suggested that certain organizations are described in Rev. Proc. 96-10 and continue to rely ap- propriately on the filing exception provid- ed in that revenue procedure because they are not supporting organizations described in section 509(a)(3). This Treasury Decision does not incor- porate the provisions of Rev. Proc. 96-10 into the final regulations. The Treasury Department and the IRS continue to study the applicability of Rev. Proc. 96-10, which is not withdrawn with the issuance of this Treasury Decision. However, the Treasury Department and the IRS note that organizations for which public char- ity status is dependent on being described in section 509(a)(3) are not eligible to rely on the filing relief provided in Rev. Proc. 96-10. The Treasury Department and the IRS also requested comments on Rev. Proc. 95-48, 1995-2 C.B. 418, which grants re- porting relief for governmental units and affiliates of governmental units. The Trea- sury Department and the IRS received one comment asserting that reporting relief granted under Rev. Proc. 95-48 is inap- propriate because a government affiliate’s decision to seek the benefits of exemption under section 501(c)(3) calls for it accept- ing the burdens of that status as well. This Treasury Decision does not incorporate the provisions of Rev. Proc. 95-48 into the final regulations and the Treasury De- partment and the IRS continue to consider whether the reporting relief in this reve- nue procedure should be updated. VII. Technical Corrections This Treasury Decision conforms the paragraph structure throughout §1.6033- 2 to the current Code of Federal Regu- lations paragraph level structure. Previ- ously, the fourth level of the paragraph structure utilized a lower-case letter (e.g., §1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii)(a)). This Treasury De- cision modifies all fourth level letters to be upper-case (e.g., §1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii) (A)). For consistency with these amend- ments, this Treasury Decision also mod- ifies §§1.401-1, 56.4911-9, and 56.4911- 10 to correct certain cross-references to §1.6033-2. Additionally, throughout §1.6033-2, this Treasury Decision makes certain oth- er non-substantive changes. VIII. Applicability Dates Consistent with the applicability dates in the 2019 proposed regulations, the fi- nal regulations apply as of May 28, 2020. Pursuant to section 7805(b)(7), an organi- zation may choose to apply the paragraphs listed in §1.6033-2(l)(2) to returns filed af- ter September 6, 2019. Effect on Other Documents The following publication is obsolete as of May 28, 2020: Rev. Proc. 2018-38 (2018-31 I.R.B. 280). Special Analyses I. Regulatory Planning and Review This regulation is not subject to review under section 6(b) of Executive Order 12866 pursuant to the Memorandum of Agreement (April 11, 2018) between the Department of the Treasury and the Office of Management and Budget regarding re- view of tax regulations. June 15, 2020 944 Bulletin No. 2020–25 II. Paperwork Reduction Act The collection of information contained in these final regulations is reflected in the collection of information for Forms 990 and 990-EZ that have been reviewed and approved by the Office of Management and Budget in accordance with the Paper- work Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3507(c)) under control number 1545-0047. To the extent there is a decrease in burden as a re- sult of this change, the decrease in burden will be reflected in the updated burden es- timates for Forms 990 and 990-EZ includ- ed in this control number. The require- ment to maintain records to substantiate information on the Form 990 or 990-EZ is already contained in the burden associated with the control number for those forms and remains unchanged. The paperwork burden estimate for tax-exempt organizations is reported un- der OMB control number 1545-0047, which represents a total estimated burden time, including all other related forms and schedules for corporations, of 52 billion hours and total estimated monetized costs of $4.17 billion ($2017). The burden esti- mates provided in the OMB control num- ber are aggregate amounts that relate to the entire package of forms associated with the OMB control number, and will in the fu- ture include, but not isolate, the estimated burden of these regulations. These numbers are therefore unrelated to the future calcula- tions needed to assess the burden removed by adoption of these regulations. The Trea- sury Department and the IRS urge readers to recognize that these numbers are dupli- cates and to guard against overcounting the burden. No burden estimates specific to these regulations are currently available. The Treasury Department has not estimat- ed the burden related to the requirements under these regulations. The current status of the Paperwork Reduction Act submis- sions related to these regulations is provid- ed in the following table. FormOMB Control NumberStatus 990 and related forms1545-0047Sixty-day notice published on 9/24/2019. Thirty-day notice published on 12/31/2019. Approved by OIRA on 2/12/2020. Web address: https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-990 An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless the collection of information displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records relating to a collec- tion of information must be retained as long as their contents may become mate- rial in the administration of any internal revenue law. Generally, tax returns and return information are confidential, as re- quired by 26 U.S.C. 6103. III. Regulatory Flexibility Act It is hereby certified that these final regulations will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial num- ber of small entities. This certification is based on the fact that these regulations reflect statutory requirements and report- ing relief previously announced through forms, instructions to forms, or guid- ance published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin. The collection of information contained in these regulations instead maintains a current recordkeeping obli- gation while removing a filing burden. Accordingly, this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a sub- stantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 6). Pursuant to section 7805(f), the proposed regulations preceding these final regulations were submitted to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration for comment on its impact on small business, and no com- ments were received. Drafting Information The principal authors of these regu- lations are personnel from the Office of the Associate Chief Counsel (Employee Benefits, Exempt Organizations, and Em- ployment Taxes). However, other person- nel from the Treasury Department and the IRS participated in their development. Statement of Availability of IRS Documents IRS revenue procedures and other guidance cited in this document are pub- lished in the Internal Revenue Bulletin (or Cumulative Bulletin) and are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office, Washington, DC 20402, or by visiting the IRS website at http://www.irs.gov. List of Subjects 26 CFR Part 1 Income taxes, Reporting and record- keeping requirements. 26 CFR Part 56 Public Charity Excise Taxes Amendments to the Regulations Accordingly, 26 CFR parts 1 and 56 are amended as follows: PART 1—INCOME TAXES Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 1 continues to read in part as fol- lows: Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * * Par. 2. In §1.401-1, revise the last sen- tence of paragraph (e)(2) to read as fol- lows: § 1.401–1 Qualified pension, prof- it-sharing, and stock bonus plans. * * * * * (e) * * * (2) * * * For information required to be furnished periodically by an employer with respect to the qualification of a plan, see §§ 1.404(a)–2, and 1.6033–2(a)(2)(ii) (I). Par. 3. Section 1.6033-2 is amended by: 1. Revising the section heading; 2. In paragraph (a)(2)(ii) introducto- ry text, removing “The” and adding “Subject to paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the” in its place; Bulletin No. 2020–25 945 June 15, 2020 3. Redesignating paragraph (a)(2)(ii)(a) through (l) as paragraphs (a)(2)(ii)(A) through (L) respectively; 4. In newly redesignated paragraph (a) (2)(ii)(F), revising the first and last sentences; 5. Revising newly redesignated para- graph (a)(2)(ii)(H); 6. Redesignating paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) (K) and (L) as paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) (M) and (N); 7. Adding new paragraphs (a)(2)(ii)(K) and (L); 8. Revising the last sentence of para- graph (a)(2)(iii) introductory text; 9. Redesignating paragraphs (a)(2)(iii) (a) through (d) as paragraphs (a)(2) (iii)(A) through (D) respectively; 10. Revising the last sentence of newly redesignated paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(B); 11. Revising redesignated paragraph (a) (2)(iii)(C); 12. Revising the first sentence of newly redesignated paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(D) (1); 13. Redesignating paragraphs (a)(2)(iv) (a) and (b) as paragraphs (a)(2)(iv) (A) and (B) respectively; 14. Revising the next to last sentence in paragraph (a)(4); 15. Adding paragraphs (a)(5) through (8); 16. Revising paragraph (d)(5) introduc- tory text and the last sentence of para- graph (d)(5)(ii); 17. Revising paragraph (g)(1)(iii); 18. Removing “or” at the end of para- graph (g)(1)(vi); 19. Removing the period at the end of paragraph (g)(1)(vii) and adding “; or” in its place; 20. Adding paragraph (g)(1)(viii); 21. Revising paragraph (g)(3); 22. Adding paragraph (g)(5); 23. Adding a sentence at the end of para- graph (g)(6); 24. Redesignating paragraph (k) as para- graph (l); 25. Adding a new paragraph (k); and 26. Revising newly redesignated para- graph (l). The revisions and additions read as fol- lows: § 1.6033-2 Returns by exempt orga- nizations and returns by certain nonex- empt organizations. (a) * * * (2) * * * (ii) * * * (F) The total of the contributions, gifts, grants, and similar amounts received by it during the taxable year, and, in the case of an organization described in section 501(c)(3), the names and addresses of all persons that contributed, bequeathed, or devised $5,000 or more (in money or oth- er property) during the taxable year. * * * For special rules with respect to contribu- tors and donors, see paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section. * * * * * (H) A schedule showing the compen- sation and other payments made to each person whose name is required to be listed pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii)(G) of this section during the calendar year ending within the organization’s annual account- ing period, or during such other period as prescribed by publication, form, or in- structions. * * * * * (K) In the case of an organization de- scribed in section 501(c)(3), the respec- tive amounts (if any) of the taxes imposed on the organization, or any organization manager of the organization, during the taxable year under any of the following provisions (and the respective amounts (if any) of reimbursements paid by the organization during the taxable year with respect to taxes imposed on any such or- ganization manager under any of such provisions): (1) Section 4911 (relating to tax on ex- cess expenditures to influence legislation); (2) Section 4912 (relating to tax on dis- qualifying lobbying expenditures of cer- tain organizations); and (3) Section 4955 (relating to taxes on political expenditures of section 501(c) (3) organizations), except to the extent that, by reason of section 4962, the taxes imposed under such section are not re- quired to be paid or are credited or re- funded. (L) In the case of organizations de- scribed in section 501(c)(3), (4), or (29), the respective amounts (if any) of— (1) The taxes imposed with respect to the organization on any organization man- ager, or any disqualified person, during the taxable year under section 4958 (re- lating to taxes on excess benefit transac- tions); and (2) Reimbursements paid by the orga- nization during the taxable year with re- spect to taxes imposed under such section, except to the extent that, by reason of sec- tion 4962, the taxes imposed under such section are not required to be paid or are credited or refunded. * * * * * (iii) * * * In providing the names and addresses of contributors and donors un- der paragraph (a)(2)(ii)(F) of this section: * * * * * (B) * * * In such case, unless the orga- nization has actual knowledge that a par- ticular employee gave more than $5,000 (and in excess of 2 percent if paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(A) of this section is applica- ble), the organization need report only the name and address of the employer, and the total amount paid over by the employer. (C) Separate and independent gifts made by one person in a particular year need be aggregated to determine wheth- er his contributions and bequests exceed $5,000 (and are in excess of 2 percent if paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(A) of this section is applicable), only if such gifts are of $1,000 or more. (D)(1) Organizations described in sec- tion 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) that receive contributions or bequests to be used ex- clusively for purposes described in sec- tion 170(c)(4), 2055(a)(3), or 2522(a)(3), must attach a schedule with respect to all gifts that aggregate more than $1,000 from any one person showing the total amount of the contributions or bequests from each such person, the specific pur- pose or purposes for which such amount was received, and the specific use or uses to which such amount was put. * * * * * * * * (4) * * * Similarly, for purposes of paragraph (a)(2)(ii)(D) of this section, the purposes for which a section 4947(a)(1) trust or a nonexempt private foundation is organized shall be treated as the purposes for which it is exempt. * * * (5) Political organizations, as defined by section 527(e)(1), that have gross re- ceipts of $25,000 or more for the taxable year (or in the case of a qualified State or local political organization, as defined in section 527(e)(5), that has gross receipts of $100,000 or more for the taxable year) generally must comply with the require- ments of section 6033 and this section in June 15, 2020 946 Bulletin No. 2020–25 the same manner as organizations exempt from tax under section 501(a), except to the extent that the Commissioner may modify such requirements through forms, instructions to forms, or guidance pub- lished in the Internal Revenue Bulletin as appropriate for carrying out the purposes of section 527. For the purposes of this section, all references to organizations ex- empt from tax under section 501(a) shall include political organizations referred to in section 6033(g), other than those referred to in section 6033(g)(3) and ex- cept to the extent the Commissioner exer- cises discretion under section 6033(g)(4). This discretion may be exercised through forms, instructions to forms, or guidance published in the Internal Revenue Bulle- tin. In addition to the reporting require- ments applicable to organizations exempt under section 501(a), such political orga- nizations generally must report the names and addresses of all persons that contrib- uted, bequeathed, or devised $5,000 or more (in money or other property) during the taxable year. (6) Each controlling organization (within the meaning of section 512(b) (13)) that is subject to the requirements of section 6033(a) shall include on its annual return such information required by that return regarding— (i) Any interest, annuities, royalties, or rents received from each controlled enti- ty (within the meaning of section 512(b) (13)); (ii) Any loans made to each such con- trolled entity; and (iii) Any transfers of funds between such controlling organization and each such controlled entity. (7) Every organization described in section 4966(d)(1) shall, on its annual re- turn for the taxable year— (i) List the total number of donor ad- vised funds (as defined in section 4966(d) (2)) it owns at the end of such taxable year; (ii) Report the aggregate value of assets held in such funds at the end of such tax- able year; and (iii) Report the aggregate contribu- tions to and grants made from such funds during such taxable year. (8) Every organization described in section 509(a)(3) shall, on its annual re- turn— (i) List the supported organizations (as defined in section 509(f)(3)) with respect to which such organization provides sup- port; (ii) Specify whether the organization meets the requirements of clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of section 509(a)(3)(B); and (iii) Certify that the organization meets the requirements of section 509(a)(3)(C). * * * * * (d) * * * (5) In providing the information re- quired by paragraphs (a)(2)(ii)(F), (G), and (H) of this section, such information may be provided: * * * (ii) * * * A central or parent organiza- tion shall indicate whether it has provided such information in the manner described in paragraphs (d)(5)(i) or (ii) of this sec- tion, and may not change the manner in which it provides such information with- out the consent of the Commissioner. * * * * * (g) * * * (1) * * * (iii) Except as provided in paragraph (g)(1)(viii) of this section, an organization described in section 501(c) (other than a private foundation or a supporting orga- nization described in section 509(a)(3)) the gross receipts of which in each taxable year are normally not more than $50,000 (as described in paragraph (g)(3) of this section); * * * * * (viii) A foreign organization (described in paragraph (k)(1) of this section) or a United States possession organization (de- scribed in paragraph (k)(2) of this section) (other than a private foundation or a sup- porting organization described in section 509(a)(3))— (A) The gross receipts of which in each taxable year from sources within the Unit- ed States (as determined under paragraph (k)(3) of this section) are normally not more than $50,000 (as described in para- graph (g)(3) of this section); and (B) That has no significant activity (including lobbying and political activity and the operation of a trade or business, but excluding investment activity) in the United States. * * * * * (3) For purposes of paragraphs (g)(1) (iii) and (viii) of this section, the gross receipts (as defined in paragraph (g)(4) of this section) of an organization are nor- mally not more than $50,000 if: (i) In the case of an organization that has been in existence for 1 year or less, the organization has received, or donors have pledged to give, gross receipts of $75,000 or less during the first taxable year of the organization; (ii) In the case of an organization that has been in existence for more than one but less than 3 years, the average of the gross receipts received by the organiza- tion in its first 2 taxable years is $60,000 or less; and (iii) In the case of an organization that has been in existence for 3 years or more, the average of the gross receipts received by the organization in the immediately preceding 3 taxable years, including the year for which the return would be re- quired to be filed, is $50,000 or less. * * * * * (5) An organization that is not required to file an annual return by virtue of para- graphs (g)(1)(iii) and (viii) of this section must submit an annual electronic notifica- tion as described in section 6033(i). See §1.6033-6. (6) * * * This discretion may be exer- cised through forms, instructions to forms, or guidance published in the Internal Rev- enue Bulletin. * * * * * (k) Foreign organizations and United States possession organizations—(1) For- eign organization. For purposes of this section, a foreign organization is any or- ganization not described in section 170(c) (2)(A). (2) United States possession organiza- tion. For purposes of this section, a United States possession organization is any or- ganization created or organized in a pos- session of the United States. (3) Source of funds. For purposes of paragraph (g)(1)(viii) of this section, the source of an organization’s gross receipts from gifts, grants, contributions or mem- bership fees is determined by applying the rules found in §53.4948-1(b) of this chapter. For purposes of paragraph (g)(1) (viii) of this section, the source of an orga- nization’s gross receipts other than gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees is determined by applying the rules in Bulletin No. 2020–25 947 June 15, 2020 sections 861 through 865 and the regula- tions in this part issued under section 861 through 865. For purposes of applying this paragraph (k)(3) regarding United States possession organizations, a United States person does not include individuals who are bona fide residents of a United States possession. (l) Applicability date—(1) Generally. This section applies to returns filed on or after January 30, 2020. Section 1.6033-2T (as contained in 26 CFR part 1, revised April 2019) applies to returns filed before January 30, 2020. (2) Paragraphs (a)(2)(ii)(F), (a)(2)(iii) (D)(1), (g)(1)(iii) and (viii), and (g)(3) of this section apply to annual information returns filed after May 28, 2020. Under section 7805(b)(7) an organization may choose to apply the paragraphs listed in this paragraph (l)(2) to returns filed after September 6, 2019. PART 56 – PUBLIC CHARITY EXCISE TAXES Par. 4. The authority citation for part 56 continues to read in part as follows: Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * * § 56.4911-9 [Amended] Par. 5. In §56.4911-9, amend para- graphs (d)(2) and (3) and (d)(4) intro- ductory text by removing the language “1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii)(k)” and adding in its place “1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii)(M)”. § 56.4911-10 [Amended] Par. 6. In §56.4911-10, amend para- graph (f)(1) by removing the language “1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii)(k)” and adding in its place “1.6033-2(a)(2)(ii)(M).” Sunita Lough, Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement. Approved: May 20, 2020 David J. Kautter, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury (Tax Policy). (Filed by the Office of the Federal Register on May 26, 2020, 4:15 p.m., and published in the issue of the Federal Register for May 28, 2020, 85 F.R. 31959) June 15, 2020 948 Bulletin No. 2020–25 Part III Additional Administrative Relief with Respect to Deadlines Applicable to Employment Taxes, Employee Benefits, and Exempt Organizations Affected by the Ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Notice 2020-35 I. PURPOSE On March 13, 2020, the President of the United States issued an emergency declaration under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act in response to the ongoing Coronavi- rus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (Emergency Declaration). The Emergen- cy Declaration instructed the Secretary of the Treasury “to provide relief from tax deadlines to Americans who have been adversely affected by the COVID-19 emergency, as appropriate, pursuant to 26 U.S.C. 7508A(a).” Pursuant to section 7508A of the In- ternal Revenue Code (Code), the Inter- nal Revenue Service (IRS) is postponing deadlines for certain time-sensitive ac- tions on account of the COVID-19 emer- gency. This relief is provided with respect to certain employment taxes, employee benefit plans, exempt organizations, in- dividual retirement arrangements (IRAs), Coverdell education savings accounts, health savings accounts (HSAs), and Ar- cher and Medicare Advantage medical saving accounts (MSAs) that, with certain exceptions, are due to be performed on or after March 30, 2020, and before July 15, 2020. In addition, pursuant to § 31.3511- 1(g)(2)(ii) of the Treasury Regulations (Regulations), the IRS is providing a temporary waiver of the requirement that Certified Professional Employer Organi- zations (CPEOs) file certain employment tax returns and their accompanying sched- ules on magnetic media. The relief pro- vided in this notice is provided on account of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and is in addition to the relief provided under Notice 2020-18, 2020-15 IRB 590, Notice 2020-20, 2020-16 IRB 660, and Notice 2020-23, 2020-18 IRB 742. II. BACKGROUND A. COVID-19 Disaster Relief – Prior Postponement of Certain Deadlines and Other Requirements Pursuant to Section 7508A Section 7508A provides the Secretary with the authority to postpone the time for performing certain acts under the in- ternal revenue laws for a taxpayer deter- mined by the Secretary to be affected by a federally declared disaster as defined in section 165(i)(5)(A). Pursuant to section 7508A(a), a period of up to one year may be disregarded in determining whether the performance of certain acts is timely un- der the internal revenue laws. Section 7508A(b) provides that, in the case of a pension or other employee ben- efit plan, or any sponsor, administrator, participant, beneficiary, or other person with respect to such a plan, affected by a federally declared disaster or a terroris- tic or military action described in section 7508A(a), the Secretary may specify a pe- riod of up to one year that may be disre- garded in determining the date by which any action is required or permitted to be completed. If the Secretary exercises that authority, no plan will be treated as failing to be operated in accordance with its terms solely because the plan disregards any pe- riod pursuant to this relief. 1 Following the Emergency Declaration, the Department of the Treasury (Trea- sury Department) and the IRS published guidance utilizing the authority provided under section 7508A for the Secretary of the Treasury or his delegate (Secretary) to postpone certain deadlines in the case of a federally declared disaster. On March 18, 2020, the Treasury De- partment and IRS issued Notice 2020-17, 2020-15 IRB 590, providing relief under section 7508A(a), which postponed the due date for certain federal income tax payments from April 15, 2020, until July 15, 2020. On March 20, 2020, the Trea- sury Department and IRS issued Notice 2020-18, which superseded Notice 2020- 17 and provided expanded relief, postpon- ing the due date for filing federal income tax returns and for making federal income tax payments from April 15, 2020, until July 15, 2020. On March 27, 2020, the Treasury Department and the IRS issued Notice 2020-20, which amplified Notice 2020-18 and provided additional relief, postponing certain federal gift (and gener- ation-skipping transfer) tax return filings and payments from April 15, 2020, until July 15, 2020. On April 9, 2020, the Treasury Depart- ment and the IRS issued Notice 2020-23, which provided additional relief pursuant to the Emergency Declaration. Notice 2020-23 provides relief for persons with a federal tax payment obligation specified in section III.A of the notice (Specified Pay- ment), or a federal tax return or other form filing obligation specified in section III.A of the notice (Specified Form), due to be performed (originally or pursuant to a val- id extension) on or after April 1, 2020, and before July 15, 2020 (Affected Taxpay- ers). Notice 2020-23 also provides that the term Affected Taxpayer includes any per- son who performs a time-sensitive action listed in either § 301.7508A-1(c)(1)(iv) - (vi) of the Regulations or Rev. Proc. 2018- 58, 2018-50 IRB 990, due to be performed (originally or pursuant to a valid exten- sion) on or after April 1, 2020, and before July 15, 2020 (Specified Time-Sensitive Action). Thus, for example, under No- tice 2020-23, Affected Taxpayers include persons described in section 7508A(b), such as sponsors or plan administrators of qualified retirement plans, due to per- form a Specified Time-Sensitive Action. In addition, Affected Taxpayers include exempt organizations with a federal tax 1 Sections 518 and 4002(i) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, Pub. L. No. 93-406, 88 Stat. 829 (1974), as amended (ERISA), similarly authorize the provision of relief under Titles I and IV of ERISA. Bulletin No. 2020–25 949 June 15, 2020 payment, federal tax return, or other form filing obligation specified in section III.A of Notice 2020-23, and exempt organiza- tions performing time-sensitive acts listed in Rev. Proc. 2018-58, which includes the filing of Form 990 series annual informa- tion returns. B. Employment Taxes 1. Interest-free adjustments to correct employment tax reporting errors For purposes of this notice, “employ- ment tax” means Federal Insurance Con- tributions Act (FICA) tax imposed on em- ployees by sections 3101(a) and 3101(b) and on employers by sections 3111(a) and 3111(b); Railroad Retirement Tax Act (RRTA) tax imposed on employees by sections 3201(a) and 3201(b) and on em- ployers by sections 3221(a) and 3221(b); and income tax withholding (ITW) im- posed by section 3402. To the extent other types of withholding are treated as ITW under section 3402(a) (such as gambling withholding, pension withholding, and backup withholding as set forth in sec- tions 3402(q)(7), 3405(f), and 3406(h) (10), respectively), these other types of withholding are also included in the term “employment tax.” Sections 6205 and 6413 permit inter- est-free adjustments to correct employ- ment tax reporting errors, and sections 31.6205-1, 31.6413(a)-1 and 31.6413(a)- 2 of the Regulations provide related rules for making these adjustments. Notice 2020-23 provided relief for filing claims for credit or refund of any tax, including employment tax, due to be filed on or after April 1, 2020, and before July 15, 2020. However, Notice 2020-23 did not provide relief for employers making interest-free adjustments to correct employment tax re- porting errors. 2. Electronic filing requirements for CPEOs Section 31.3511-1(g)(2) provides that CPEOs must file on magnetic media any Form 941, Employer’s QUARTERLY Federal Tax Return, and Form 943, Em- ployer’s Annual Federal Tax Return for Agricultural Employees, along with all required accompanying schedules. How- ever, § 31.3511-1(g)(2)(ii) provides that the IRS may waive the requirements to file on magnetic media in cases of undue economic hardship. Individual requests for waivers from CPEOs must be made in accordance with applicable guidance. The term “magnetic media” generally includes electronic filing as well as other media specifically permitted under applicable guidance. C. Employee Benefits 1. Funding provisions for qualified defined benefit pension plans Section 412 provides minimum fund- ing standards for qualified defined benefit and other pension plans. Section 412(c) provides for waivers of the minimum funding requirements in the event of tem- porary substantial business hardship. In order for a plan other than a multiemploy- er plan to receive a waiver, section 412(c) (5) provides that an application for a waiv- er must be submitted no later than the 15th day of the 3rd month beginning after the close of the plan year for which the waiver is sought. Section 432(b)(3)(A) provides special rules for certain multiemployer defined benefit plans. For a plan that is subject to those requirements, the plan actuary must make certain certifications each year regarding the plan’s funded status. The deadline for these certifications for a plan year is the 90th day of the plan year. Under section 432(b)(3)(D), in certain circum- stances, the plan sponsor is required to provide notice regarding the plan’s funded status to the participants and beneficiaries, the bargaining parties, the Pension Bene- fit Guaranty Corporation, the Secretary of Labor and, if applicable, the Secretary of the Treasury. Section 432(c)(1) requires, for the first plan year that a multiemployer plan is in endangered status, that the plan sponsor adopt a funding improvement plan providing one or more schedules of revised benefit structures, revised contri- bution structures, or both, no later than 240 days following the required date for the actuarial certification of endangered status and notify the bargaining parties of the schedules within 30 days after their adoption. Section 432(c)(6) requires the plan sponsor to update the funding im- provement plan and schedules annually and attach that update to the Form 5500 filed for the plan year. Section 432(e)(1) (A) and (3)(B) impose similar adoption, notification, and update requirements with respect to a rehabilitation plan for a mul- tiemployer plan that is certified to be in critical status. Section 433 provides special funding rules for cooperative and small employer charity pension (CSEC) plans as defined under section 414(y), including rules for certification of funded status and the adoption of a funding restoration plan. Sections 302, 305 and 306 of ERISA contain provisions that are parallel to sec- tions 412, 432 and 433 of the Code, re- spectively. 2. Form 5330, Return of Excise Taxes Related to Employee Benefit Plans The Form 5330 is used to report and pay a variety of excise taxes with respect to employee benefit arrangements and tax-exempt entities. See Table 1 of the In- structions for Form 5330 for a list of filing deadlines for those excise taxes. 3. Certain Tax Exempt and Government Entities/Employee Plans programs a. Initial remedial amendment period for section 403(b) plans Section 21.02 of Rev. Proc. 2013-22, 2013-18 IRB 985, as modified by Rev. Proc. 2014-28, 2014-16 IRB 944, and Rev. Proc. 2015-22, 2015-11 IRB 754, and clar- ified by Rev. Proc. 2017-18, 2017-5 IRB 743, establishes a remedial amendment period that permits an eligible employer to retroactively correct form defects in its written section 403(b) plan by timely adopting a section 403(b) pre-approved plan or by otherwise timely amending its section 403(b) individually designed plan. Rev. Proc. 2017-18 provides that March 31, 2020, is the last day of this initial re- medial amendment period. Rev. Proc. 2019-39, 2019-42 IRB 945, sets forth a system of recurring remedial amendment periods for correcting form defects in section 403(b) individually de- signed plans and section 403(b) pre-ap- proved plans first occurring after the ini- tial remedial amendment period ends, and June 15, 2020 950 Bulletin No. 2020–25 provides a limited extension of the initial remedial amendment period for certain form defects that is based, in part, on the initial March 31, 2020, deadline. Rev. Proc. 2019-39 also provides deadlines for the adoption of plan amendments for sec- tion 403(b) individually designed plans and section 403(b) pre-approved plans with respect to a form defect first occur- ring after the end of the initial remedial amendment period. b. Pre-approved defined benefit plans Rev. Proc. 2016-37, 2016-29 IRB 136, provides a regular six-year remedial amendment cycle that applies for pre-ap- proved plans. Section 15.03(1) of Rev. Proc. 2016-37 provides that the remedial amendment period for a disqualifying pro- vision will not end before the last day of a plan’s first applicable remedial amend- ment cycle in which an application for an opinion or advisory letter that considers the disqualifying provision may be submitted. Announcement 2018-05, 2018-13 IRB 461, provides that an adopting employer who adopts, by April 30, 2020, a master and prototype (M&P) or volume submit- ter (VS) defined benefit plan that was ap- proved based on Notice 2012-76, 2012-52 IRB 775 (2012 Cumulative List), will be considered to have adopted the plan with- in the second six-year remedial amend- ment cycle. Announcement 2018-05 also provides that an adopting employer of an M&P or VS plan may apply for an indi- vidual determination letter (if otherwise eligible) during the period beginning on May 1, 2018, and ending April 30, 2020. Announcement 2018-05 further provides that April 30, 2020, is the end of the sec- ond six-year remedial amendment cycle for pre-approved defined benefit plans. Rev. Proc. 2020-10, 2020-2 IRB 295, provides that the third six-year remedial amendment cycle for pre-approved de- fined benefit plans begins on the following day, and ends on January 31, 2025. c. Deadlines for voluntary correction under EPCRS Rev. Proc. 2019-19, 2019-19 IRB 1086, sets forth a system of correction programs for sponsors of retirement plans that are intended to satisfy the requirements of section 401(a), 403(a), 403(b), 408(k), or 408(p). The Employee Plans Compliance Resolution System (EPCRS) permits em- ployers sponsoring these plans to correct certain failures and thereby continue to provide their employees with retirement benefits on a tax-favored basis. The com- ponents of EPCRS are the Self-Correction Program (SCP), the Voluntary Correction Program (VCP), and the Audit Closing Agreement Program (Audit CAP). Under VCP, a plan sponsor may, at any time before audit, pay a limited fee and re- ceive the IRS’s approval for correction of a plan failure that has been identified to the IRS, in writing, by the plan sponsor. Once agreement has been reached with the plan sponsor as to the appropriate corrective action to be undertaken, the IRS will send the plan sponsor a compliance statement specifying the corrective action required. Pursuant to section 10.06(9) of Rev. Proc. 2019-19, the plan sponsor must imple- ment the corrective action set forth in the compliance statement within 150 days of the date of the compliance statement. In addition, if the corrective action specified in the compliance statement includes the adoption of a corrective plan amendment, the corrective amendment must be adopt- ed no later than 150 days after the date of the compliance statement (with a later deadline in the case of a governmental plan described in section 414(d)). d. Substitute mortality tables Rev. Proc. 2017–55, 2017–43 IRB 373, provides guidance with respect to the use of a substitute mortality table in accor- dance with section 430(h)(3)(C). Section 4 of Rev. Proc. 2017-55 notes that, under section 430(h)(3)(C)(v)(I), a request for approval to use substitute mortality tables generally must be submitted at least 7 months before the first day of the first plan year for which the substitute mortality ta- bles are to apply. D. Exempt organizations 1. Form 990-N electronic notice requirement for certain small exempt organizations Section 6033(i) requires organizations that are excused from filing an annual information return (Form 990 series) by reason of normally having annual gross receipts below a certain specified amount (currently $50,000) to furnish an annual electronic notification. The annual elec- tronic notification (Form 990-N, e-Post- card) is due by the 15th day of the fifth month after the close of the organization’s tax year. 2. Time for filing suit for declaratory judgment Section 7428 provides that an organi- zation may file, within a specified period, an appropriate pleading for declarato- ry judgment with the United States Tax Court, the United States Court of Federal Claims, or the district court of the United States for the District of Columbia, in- volving the IRS’s determination, or fail- ure to make a determination, with respect to the organization’s initial or continuing qualification or classification as an ex- empt organization described in section 501(c) or (d) and exempt from tax under section 501(a), an organization described in section 170(c)(2), a private foundation under section 509(a), a private operating foundation under section 4942(j)(3), or a cooperative described in section 521(b). Although Notice 2020-23 postponed the time to commence an action for declara- tory judgment with the United States Tax Court, it did not cover similar suits filed with the Court of Federal Claims or the district court of the United States for the District of Columbia. E. Forms 5498, -ESA, -SA Form 5498, IRA Contribution Infor- mation, Form 5498-ESA, Coverdell ESA Contribution Information, and Form 5498- SA, HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Ad- vantage MSA Information, must be filed with the IRS and furnished to participants and beneficiaries by the times specified in the instructions to these forms. III. RELIEF GRANTED This notice amplifies the definition of Affected Taxpayer as provided in Notice 2020-23 to include Affected Taxpayers as defined in section III.A of this notice. This notice also amplifies the definition Bulletin No. 2020–25 951 June 15, 2020 of Specified Time-Sensitive Actions as provided in Notice 2020-23 to include the Time-Sensitive Actions described in section III.B of this notice that are due to be performed on or after March 30, 2020, and before July 15, 2020. These amplified definitions, rather than the definitions in Notice 2020-23, apply for purposes of the relief described in this section III. Pursuant to this notice, the revised deadline for an Affected Taxpayer to per- form a Time-Sensitive Action described in section III.B of this notice is July 15, 2020, unless a different revised dead- line is specified under section III.B.2(e) or III.B.4 of this notice. In the case of Time-Sensitive Actions with respect to provisions of the Code for which there are parallel provisions in ERISA, the re- lief provided under this section III also applies for purposes of those provisions under ERISA. This notice also provides a tempo- rary waiver of the requirement under § 31.3511-1(g)(2) that CPEOs file cer- tain employment tax returns, and their accompanying schedules, on magnet- ic media (including electronic filing). This temporary waiver is extended to all CPEOs; individual requests for waiver do not need to be submitted. The waiver applies only to Forms 941 filed for the second, third, and fourth quarter of 2020 and only to Forms 943 filed for calen- dar year 2020, and their accompanying schedules. Accordingly, CPEOs are per- mitted, but not required, to file a paper Form 941, and its accompanying sched- ules, in lieu of electronic submission for the second, third, and fourth quarters of calendar year 2020. In addition, CPEOs are permitted, but not required, to file a paper Form 943, and its accompanying schedules, in lieu of electronic submis- sion for calendar year 2020. A. Affected Taxpayers For purposes of the relief provided with respect to Time-Sensitive Actions described in section III.B of this notice, Affected Taxpayers include: 1. With respect to employment taxes, employers who perform a Time-Sen- sitive Action described in section III.B.1 of this notice. 2. With respect to employee benefit plans, the plan (including a section 403(b) plan, a governmental section 457(b) plan, a SEP plan described in section 408(k), or a SIMPLE IRA plan described in section 408(p)), or any sponsor, administrator, partici- pant, beneficiary, disqualified person, or other person with respect to such a plan who performs a Time-Sensitive Action described in section III.B.2 of this notice. 3. With respect to exempt organiza- tions, those persons performing a Time-Sensitive Action described in section III.B.3 of this notice. 4. Filers of a Form 5498, Form 5498- SA, or 5498-ESA for whom filing the form is a Time-Sensitive Action de- scribed in section III.B.4 of this no- tice. B. Time-Sensitive Actions The Time-Sensitive Actions to which the relief under this section III applies are: 1. Correction of employment tax report- ing errors using the interest-free ad- justment process under sections 6205 and 6413 Actions to correct underpayments or overpayments pursuant to sections 6205 and 6413, respectively. 2. Qualified retirement plans a. Funding waiver Application for a funding waiver under section 412(c) for a defined benefit pension plan that is not a multiemployer plan. b. Multiemployer plan funding With respect to a multiemployer defined benefit pension plan, ac- tions due to be performed on or before the dates described in: • Section 432(b)(3) for the certification of funded status and the notice to interested parties of that certification. • Sections 432(c)(1) and 432(e)(1) for the adoption of, and the notification to the bargaining parties of the schedules under, a funding improvement plan or reha- bilitation plan. • Sections 432(c)(6) and 432(e)(3) for the annual update of a funding im- provement plan and its contribution schedules, or rehabilitation plan and its contribution schedules, and the filing of those updates with the Form 5500 annual return. c. CSEC plans With respect to a CSEC plan, ac- tions to be performed on or be- fore the date described in: • Section 433(c)(9) for mak- ing the contribution required to be made for the plan year. • Section 433(f)(3)(B) for making required quarterly installments. • Section 433(j)(3) for the adoption of a funding resto- ration plan. • Section 433(j)(4) for the cer- tification of funded status. d. Form 5330 Filing of Form 5330 and pay- ment of the associated excise taxes. The period beginning on March 30, 2020, and ending on July 15, 2020, will be disre- garded in the calculation of any interest or penalty for failure to file the Form 5330 or to pay the excise tax postponed by this no- tice. Interest and penalties with respect to such postponed filing and payment obligations will be- gin to accrue on July 16, 2020. e. Tax Exempt and Government En- tities Division, Employee Plans programs • Extension of initial reme- dial amendment period for section 403(b) plans. With respect to the remedial amendment period and plan amendment rules for sec- tion 403(b) plans described in Rev. Proc. 2017-18 and Rev. Proc. 2019-39, actions that are otherwise required to be performed on or before March 31, 2020, with re- spect to form defects or plan amendments. The deadline for those actions is post- poned to June 30, 2020 (and “June 30, 2020” should be June 15, 2020 952 Bulletin No. 2020–25 substituted for all references to “March 31, 2020” in Rev. Proc. 2017-18 and in Rev. Proc. 2019-39). • Pre-approved defined ben- efit plans. With respect to pre-approved defined bene- fit plans, the deadline for the following actions is post- poned until July 31, 2020: o Adoption of a pre-ap- proved defined benefit plan that was approved based on the 2012 Cu- mulative List; o Submission of a deter- mination letter appli- cation under the sec- ond six-year remedial amendment cycle; and o Actions that are oth- erwise required to be performed with respect to disqualifying provi- sions during the reme- dial amendment period that would otherwise end on April 30, 2020. • EPCRS. With respect to a compliance statement issued under VCP, implementation of all corrective actions, in- cluding adoption of correc- tive amendments, required by the compliance state- ment. • Substitute mortality table. Request for approval of a substitute mortality table in accordance with section 430(h)(3)(C). 3. Exempt organizations a. Form 990-N electronic notice requirement for certain small ex- empt organizations Electronic submissions of Form 990-N under section 6033(i). b. Time for Commencing a Suit for Declaratory Judgment Pursuant to Section 7428 Filings by organizations listed in section 7428(a)(1) of an ap- propriate pleading for declara- tory judgment with the United States Court of Federal Claims or the district court of the United States for the District of Colum- bia, within the period specified in section 7428(b)(3). 4. Form 5498 series With respect to the Form 5498, IRA Contribution Information, Form 5498-ESA, Coverdell ESA Contribu- tion Information, and the Form 5498- SA, HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA Information, the due date for filing and furnishing the forms is postponed to August 31, 2020. The period beginning on the original due date of those forms and ending on August 31, 2020, will be disregarded in the calculation of any penalty for failure to file those forms. Penalties with respect to such a post- poned filing will begin to accrue on September 1, 2020. IV. EFFECT ON OTHER DOCUMENTS Rev. Proc. 2017-18, Rev. Proc. 2017- 55, Announcement 2018-05, Rev. Proc. 2019-19, Rev. Proc. 2019-39, and Rev. Proc. 2020-10 are modified, and Notice 2020-18, Notice 2020-20, and Notice 2020-23 are amplified. V. DRAFTING INFORMATION The principal author of this notice is Diane S. Bloom of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel, Employee Plans, Exempt Organizations, and Employment Taxes, with the participation of staff from other offices. For further information regard- ing the guidance related to employment taxes under this notice, please contact Lynne A. Camillo at (202) 317-4774 or Nina Roca at (202) 317-6798. For further information regarding the guidance relat- ed to qualified retirement plans under this notice, please contact Diane S. Bloom at (202) 317-6700. For further information regarding the guidance related to exempt organizations under this notice, please contact Ingrid M. Vatamanu at (202) 317-4541. These telephone calls are not toll-free. Credit for Carbon Oxide Sequestration 2020 Section 45Q Inflation Adjustment Factor Notice 2020-40 SECTION 1. PURPOSE This notice publishes the inflation ad- justment factor for the credit for carbon oxide sequestration under § 45Q of the Internal Revenue Code (§ 45Q credit) for calendar year 2020. The inflation ad- justment factor is used to determine the amount of the credit allowable under § 45Q. This notice also publishes the ag- gregate amount of qualified carbon oxide taken into account for purposes of § 45Q. SECTION 2. BACKGROUND Section 45Q was enacted by § 115 of the Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008, Division B of Pub. L. No. 110-343, 122 Stat. 3765, 3829 (October 3, 2008), to provide a credit for the seques- tration of carbon dioxide. Section 45Q was amended by § 1131 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Tax Act of 2009, Division B of Pub. L. 111-5, 123 Stat 115 (February 17, 2009) and more re- cently by section 41119 of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (BBA), Pub. L. No. 115-123 (February 9, 2018). As a result of the modifications made by the BBA amendment, the credit under § 45Q now applies to the sequestration of “qualified carbon oxide,” a broader term than qual- ified carbon dioxide. The amount of the credit is also increased for carbon oxide captured with equipment originally placed in service on or after the date of enactment of BBA. Section 45Q(a)(1) allows a credit of $20 per metric ton of qualified carbon oxide (i) captured by the taxpayer using carbon capture equipment which is orig- inally placed in service at a qualified fa- cility before the date of the enactment of BBA, (ii) disposed of by the taxpayer in secure geological storage, and (iii) not used by the taxpayer as a tertiary injectant Bulletin No. 2020–25 953 June 15, 2020 in a qualified enhanced oil or natural gas recovery project. Section 45Q(a)(2) allows a credit of $10 per metric ton of qualified carbon ox- ide (i) captured by the taxpayer using car- bon capture equipment which is original- ly placed in service at a qualified facility before the date of the enactment of BBA, and (ii) either (I) used by the taxpayer as a tertiary injectant in a qualified enhanced oil or natural gas recovery project and dis- posed of by the taxpayer in secure geolog- ical storage or (II) utilized by the taxpayer in a manner described in § 45Q(f)(5). Section 45Q(a)(3) allows a credit of the applicable dollar amount (as determined under § 45Q(b)(1)) per metric ton of qualified carbon oxide (i) captured by the taxpayer using carbon capture equipment which is originally placed in service at a qualified facility on or after the date of the enactment of BBA during the 12-year pe- riod beginning on the date the equipment was originally placed in service, (ii) dis- posed of by the taxpayer in secure geolog- ical storage, and (iii) neither used as a ter- tiary injectant in a qualified enhanced oil or natural gas recovery project nor utilized in a manner described in § 45Q(f)(5). Section 45Q(a)(4) allows credit of the applicable dollar amount (as determined under § 45Q(b)(1)) per metric ton of qualified carbon oxide (i) captured by the taxpayer using carbon capture equipment which is originally placed in service at a qualified facility on or after the date of the enactment of BBA, during the 12-year pe- riod beginning on the date the equipment was originally placed in service, and (ii) either (I) used by the taxpayer as a tertiary injectant in a qualified enhanced oil or nat- ural gas recovery project and disposed of by the taxpayer in secure geological stor- age or (II) utilized in a manner described in § 45Q(f)(5). For purposes of determining the carbon oxide sequestration credit under § 45Q, a taxpayer may elect under § 45Q(b)(3) to have the dollar amounts applicable under § 45Q(a)(1) or (2) apply in lieu of the dollar amounts applicable under § 45Q(a) (3) or (4) for each metric ton of qualified carbon oxide which is captured by the taxpayer using carbon capture equipment which is originally placed in service at a qualified facility on or after the date of the enactment of BBA. Section 45Q(c) defines the term “quali- fied carbon oxide” as (i) any carbon diox- ide which (I) is captured from an indus- trial source by carbon capture equipment which is originally placed in service be- fore the date of the enactment of BBA, (II) would otherwise be released into the at- mosphere as industrial emission of green- house gas or lead to such release, and (III) is measured at the source of capture and verified at the point of disposal, injection, or utilization; (ii) any carbon dioxide or other carbon oxide which (I) is captured from an industrial source by carbon cap- ture equipment which is originally placed in service on or after the date of the en- actment of BBA, (II) would otherwise be released into the atmosphere as industrial emission of greenhouse gas or lead to such release, and (III) is measured at the source of capture and verified at the point of dis- posal, injection, or utilization; or (iii) in the case of a direct air capture facility, any carbon dioxide which (I) is captured directly from the ambient air, and (II) is measured at the source of capture and ver- ified at the point of disposal, injection, or utilization. Section 45Q(d) defines the term “quali- fied facility” as any industrial facility or di- rect air capture facility (i) the construction of which begins before January 1, 2024, and (I) construction of carbon capture equipment begins before such date, or (II) the original planning and design for such facility includes installation of carbon cap- ture equipment; and (ii) which captures (I) in the case of a facility which emits not more than 500,000 metric tons of car- bon oxide into the atmosphere during the taxable year, not less than 25,000 metric tons of qualified carbon oxide during the taxable year which is utilized in a manner described in § 45Q(f)(5), (II) in the case of an electricity generating facility which is not described in § 45Q(d)(2)(A), not less than 500,000 metric tons of qualified car- bon oxide during the taxable year, or (III) in the case of a direct air capture facility or any facility not described in § 45Q(d) (2)(A) or (B), not less than 100,000 metric tons of qualified carbon oxide during the taxable year. Under § 45Q(f)(7), for taxable years beginning in a calendar year after 2009, the dollar amounts contained in § 45Q(a) (1) and (2) must be adjusted for inflation by multiplying such dollar amount by the inflation adjustment factor for such calen- dar year determined under § 43(b)(3)(B), determined by substituting “2008” for “1990.” Section 43(b)(3)(B) defines the term “inflation adjustment factor” as, with re- spect to any calendar year, a fraction the numerator of which is the GNP implicit price deflator for the preceding calendar year and the denominator of which is the GNP implicit price deflator for 1990. For purposes of § 45Q(f)(7), for the 2020 cal- endar year, the inflation adjustment factor is a fraction the numerator of which is the GNP implicit price deflator for 2019 (112.257) and the denominator of which is the GNP implicit price deflator for 2008 (94.268). Section 45Q(g) provides that in the case of any carbon capture equipment placed in service before the date of the enactment of BBA, the credit under § 45Q shall ap- ply with respect to qualified carbon oxide captured using such equipment before the end of the calendar year in which the Secretary, in consultation with the Admin- istrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, certifies that, during the period beginning after October 3, 2008, a total of 75,000,000 metric tons of qualified carbon oxide have been taken into account in ac- cordance with (i) § 45Q(a), as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of BBA, and (ii) § 45Q(a)(1) and (2). SECTION 3. INFLATION ADJUSTMENT FACTOR The inflation adjustment factor for calendar year 2020 is 1.1908. The § 45Q credit for calendar year 2020 is $23.82 per metric ton of qualified carbon oxide under § 45Q(a)(1) and $11.91 per metric ton of qualified carbon oxide under § 45Q(a)(2). SECTION 4. TAX CREDIT UTILIZATION Section 6 of Notice 2009-83 requires taxpayers to file annual reports that pro- vide (among other information) the amount (in metric tons) of qualified car- bon oxide for the taxable year that has been taken into account for purposes of claiming the § 45Q credit. The annu- al reports must be filed with the Service June 15, 2020 954 Bulletin No. 2020–25 not later than the last day of the second calendar month following the month during which the tax return on which the § 45Q credit is claimed was due (includ- ing extensions). Based on the most recent annual reports filed with the Internal Revenue Service, the aggregate amount of qualified carbon oxide taken into account for purposes of § 45Q is 72,087,903 metric tons. SECTION 5. DRAFTING INFORMATION The principal author of this notice is Maggie Stehn of the Office of Asso- ciate Chief Counsel (Passthroughs & Special Industries). For further informa- tion regarding this notice contact Maggie Stehn at (202) 317-6853 (not a toll-free number). Beginning of Construction for Sections 45 and 48; Extension of Continuity Safe Harbor to Address Delays Related to COVID-19 Notice 2020-41 SECTION 1. PURPOSE This notice modifies the prior Internal Revenue Service (IRS) notices 2 address- ing the beginning of construction require- ment for both the production tax credit for renewable energy facilities under section 45 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) and the investment tax credit for energy property under § 48. In response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, this notice provides that the Continuity Safe Harbor provided and ex- tended by the prior IRS notices is further extended for projects that began construc- tion in either calendar year 2016 or 2017. This notice also provides a 3½ Month Safe Harbor for services or property paid for by the taxpayer on or after September 16, 2019 and received by October 15, 2020. SECTION 2. BACKGROUND Section 38 allows certain business credits against the tax imposed by chapter 1 of the Code. Among the credits allowed by § 38 are the investment tax credit de- termined under § 46 and the renewable electricity production tax credit under § 45. The investment tax credit includes the energy credit under § 48. The credits under §§ 45 and 48 generally are referred to as the production tax credit (PTC) and the investment tax credit (ITC), respec- tively. To qualify for the PTC, electricity must, among other things, be produced by the taxpayer at a qualified facility as de- fined in § 45(d). 3 The PTC for any tax- able year is calculated by multiplying an inflation-adjusted credit rate by kilowatt hours of electricity produced and sold by the taxpayer to an unrelated person. The ITC is calculated as a percentage of the basis of energy property (as defined in § 48(a)(3)) placed in service during the taxable year. Additionally, under § 48(a)(5), a taxpayer may elect to treat certain renewable energy facilities that otherwise qualify under § 45(d) as ener- gy property to claim the ITC in lieu of the PTC with respect to the facility. Both the PTC and the ITC have a beginning of con- struction requirement. On December 20, 2019, the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020, Pub. L. 116-94, Div. Q, 133 Stat. 2534 (FCAA), enacted significant amend- ments to the PTC and the ITC. The FCAA amended the PTC by extending the be- ginning of construction deadline for cer- tain qualifying facilities to December 31, 2020. This modification retroactively extended the beginning of construction deadline to qualify for the PTC by three years for closed-loop biomass facilities, open loop biomass facilities, geothermal facilities, landfill gas facilities, trash fa- cilities, qualified hydropower facilities, and marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy facilities. Additionally, the FCAA extended the beginning of construction deadline for the PTC for wind facilities by one year to December 31, 2020, and reduced the credit rate applicable to such facilities by 40-percent for facilities the construction of which begins after De- cember 31, 2019, and before January 1, 2021. Under the FCAA, the 40-percent phaseout also applies to such wind facili- ties treated as energy property for purpos- es of the ITC. The FCAA also retroactively extended the election to claim the ITC in lieu of the PTC by three years with respect to certain renewable energy facilities if construction of such facility begins before January 1, 2021. Notice 2013-29 provides two methods to establish that the beginning of construc- tion requirement under §§ 45 and 48(a)(5) has been satisfied with respect to a facility: the Physical Work Test and the Five Per- cent Safe Harbor. Both methods require a taxpayer to make continuous progress towards completion of the facility once construction has begun (Continuity Re- quirement). Section 4 of Notice 2013-29 provides the Physical Work Test. Section 4.01 of Notice 2013-29 provides: Construction of a qualified facility begins when physical work of a sig- nificant nature begins. . . . Whether a taxpayer has begun construction of a facility before [the statutory deadline], will depend on the relevant facts and circumstances. The Internal Revenue Service will closely scrutinize a facili- ty, and may determine that construction has not begun on a facility before [the statutory deadline], if a taxpayer does not maintain a continuous program of construction as determined under sec- tion 4.06. Section 4.06(1) of Notice 2013-29 pro- vides that a continuous program of con- struction involves continuing physical work of a significant nature. Further, sec- tion 4.06(1) of Notice 2013-29 provides that whether the taxpayer has maintained a continuous program of construction will 2 Notice 2013-29, 2013-1 C.B. 1085; Notice 2013-60, 2013-2 C.B. 431; Notice 2014-46, 2014-2 C.B. 520; Notice 2015-25, 2015-13 I.R.B. 814; Notice 2016-31, 2016-1 C.B. 1025; Notice 2017-04, 2017-4 I.R.B. 541; Notice 2018-59, 2018-28 I.R.B. 196; and Notice 2019-43, 2019-31 I.R.B. 487 (collectively, prior IRS notices). 3 Section 45 also provides a PTC for refined coal, steel industry fuel, and Indian coal, which is calculated based on the tons of coal sold to an unrelated party. However, the beginning of construction requirement does not apply to these facilities. Bulletin No. 2020–25 955 June 15, 2020 be determined by the relevant facts and circumstances. Section 5.01 of Notice 2013-29 pro- vides the Five Percent Safe Harbor: Construction of a facility will be con- sidered as having begun before [the statutory deadline], if (1) a taxpayer pays or incurs (within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.461-1(a)(1) and (2)) five percent or more of the total cost of the facility, except as provided in sec- tion 5.01(2), before [the statutory dead- line], and (2) thereafter, the taxpayer makes continuous efforts to advance towards completion of the facility (as determined under section 5.02). Section 5.01(2) of Notice 2013-29 al- lows a look-through for economic perfor- mance for purposes of the Five Percent Safe Harbor: Solely for purposes of this notice, for property that is manufactured, con- structed, or produced for the taxpayer by another person under a binding writ- ten contract with the taxpayer, costs in- curred with respect to the property by the other person before the property is provided to the taxpayer are deemed incurred by the taxpayer when the costs are incurred by the other person under the principles of section 461. Section 5.02(1) of Notice 2013-29 pro- vides that whether a taxpayer makes con- tinuous efforts to advance towards com- pletion of the facility will be determined by the relevant facts and circumstances. This section also provides that facts and circumstances indicating continuous ef- forts to advance towards completion of the facility may include, but are not lim- ited to: (a) paying or incurring additional amounts included in the total cost of the facility; (b) entering into binding written con- tracts for components or future work on construction of the facility; (c) obtaining necessary permits; and (d) performing physical work of a signif- icant nature. Notice 2013-60 clarifies certain con- cepts provided in Notice 2013-29. Notice 2013-60 provides a Continuity Safe Har- bor that allows a facility to be deemed to have satisfied the Continuity Requirement. Section 3.02 of Notice 2013-60 provides that if a facility is placed in service be- fore January 1, 2016, the facility will be considered to satisfy the Continuous Con- struction Test (for purposes of satisfying the Physical Work Test) or the Continuous Efforts Test (for purposes of satisfying the Five Percent Safe Harbor). Section 3.02 of Notice 2013-60 also provides that if a facility is not placed in service before Jan- uary 1, 2016, whether the facility satisfies the Continuous Construction or Contin- uous Efforts Tests will be determined by the relevant facts and circumstances, as described in section 4.06 and section 5.02 of Notice 2013-29. The Department of the Treasury (Trea- sury Department) and the IRS published several notices further extending and mod- ifying the Continuity Safe Harbor. Notice 2015-25 extends the Continuity Safe Har- bor for one year. Notice 2016-31 modifies the Continuity Safe Harbor originally provided in section 3.02 of Notice 2013- 60 and extended by Notice 2015-25. Sec- tion 3 of Notice 2016-31 provides that if a taxpayer places a facility in service by the later of (1) a calendar year that is no more than four calendar years after the calendar year during which construction of the fa- cility began or (2) December 31, 2016, the facility will be considered to satisfy the Continuity Safe Harbor. Notice 2017-04 further extends and modifies the Conti- nuity Safe Harbor by providing that if a taxpayer places a facility in service by the later of (1) a calendar year that is no more than four calendar years after the calendar year during which construction of the fa- cility began or (2) December 31, 2018, the facility will be considered to satisfy the Continuity Safe Harbor. Notice 2018-59 provides methods to establish the beginning of construction (Physical Work Test and Five Percent Safe Harbor), a Continuity Requirement for both methods, rules for transferring energy property, and additional rules ap- plicable to the beginning of construction requirement of § 48 with respect to “en- ergy property” described in sections 2.02 and 2.03 of Notice 2018-59. Section 6.05 of Notice 2018-59 provides a Continuity Safe Harbor for energy property under § 48 that mirrors that provided for the PTC under § 45 in the prior IRS notices: Except as provided in this section, if a taxpayer places an energy property in service by the end of a calendar year that is no more than four calendar years after the calendar year during which construction of the energy property be- gan (the Continuity Safe Harbor Dead- line), the energy property will be con- sidered to satisfy the Continuity Safe Harbor. The excusable disruption rules in section 6.03 do not apply for purpos- es of applying the Continuity Safe Har- bor. However, if an energy property is not placed in service before the end of the fourth calendar year after the cal- endar year during which construction of the energy property began, whether the energy property satisfies the Con- tinuity Requirement under either the Physical Work Test or the Five Percent Safe Harbor will be determined by the relevant facts and circumstances. The Treasury Department and the IRS recognize that the COVID-19 pandemic is causing delays in the development of cer- tain facilities eligible for the PTC and the ITC. As a result, many taxpayers will not place facilities in service in time to meet the Continuity Safe Harbor or may have difficulty demonstrating to investors that they have met the Continuity Require- ment based on the relevant facts and cir- cumstances. This situation is resulting in significant impacts on project financing and development. Thus, an extension of the Continuity Safe Harbor and the ad- dition of a 3½ Month Safe Harbor are necessary to provide relief for taxpayers to satisfy the beginning of construction requirements under §§ 45 and 48. Except as otherwise specified in this notice, the guidance provided in the prior IRS notices continues to apply. SECTION 3. EXTENSION OF THE CONTINUITY SAFE HARBOR FOR SECTIONS 45 and 48 This notice provides that for any qual- ified facility or energy property that began construction under the Physical Work Test or the Five Percent Safe Harbor in either calendar year 2016 or 2017, the Continu- ity Safe Harbor is satisfied if a taxpayer places the qualified facility or energy property in service by the end of a calen- dar year that is no more than five calendar years after the calendar year during which construction with respect to that qualified facility or energy property began. June 15, 2020 956 Bulletin No. 2020–25 SECTION 4. SAFE HARBOR FOR 3½ MONTH RULE The Five Percent Safe Harbor treats construction as beginning with respect to any qualified facility or energy property when the taxpayer (or another person in the case of the look-through provision) pays or incurs five percent of total projects costs. Under the principles of § 461(h), the all events test for determining whether a liability has been incurred generally is not satisfied any earlier than when economic performance occurs with respect to the liability. Under § 1.461-4(d)(2)(i) of the Income Tax Regulations, if the liability of the taxpayer arises out of the provision of services or property, economic perfor- mance for the liability ordinarily occurs as such services or property is provided to the taxpayer. However, under the special rule set forth in § 1.461-4(d)(6)(ii) (3½ Month Rule), a taxpayer may treat services or property as provided to the taxpayer as the taxpayer makes payment to the person providing the services or property if the taxpayer can reasonably expect the person to provide the services or property with- in 3½ months after the date of payment. If the taxpayer’s reasonable expectation at the time they made the payment was that the person would provide the ordered services or property within 3½ months, regardless of any subsequent events that prevent that reasonable expectation from actually occurring, the 3½ Month Rule is satisfied and the cost is treated as incurred when paid. As noted, the taxpayer’s reasonable ex- pectation at time of payment is relevant for purposes of the 3½ Month Rule. Howev- er, to provide certainty and assurance, this notice further provides that for services or property paid for by the taxpayer on or after September 16, 2019, the taxpayer will be deemed to have had a reasonable expectation that the services or property would be received within 3½ months af- ter the date of payment in the case of any services or property actually received by a taxpayer by October 15, 2020 (3½ Month Safe Harbor). Although this 3½ Month Safe Harbor will not apply to any services or property received by a taxpayer after October 15, 2020, the 3½ Month Rule may still be satisfied, as described above, based on reasonable expectations at the time of payment. The 3½ Month Safe Harbor ap- plies only for purposes of the beginning of construction requirement for the PTC and the ITC. SECTION 5. EFFECT ON OTHER DOCUMENTS Notice 2013-29, Notice 2013-60, No- tice 2014-46, Notice 2015-25, Notice 2016-31, Notice 2017-04, Notice 2018- 59, and Notice 2019-43 are modified. SECTION 6. NO RULE The IRS will not issue private letter rul- ings or determination letters to a taxpayer regarding the application of this notice, the prior IRS notices, or the beginning of con- struction requirement under §§ 45 and 48. SECTION 7. DRAFTING INFORMATION The principal author of this notice is Jennifer Bernardini of the Office of As- sociate Chief Counsel (Passthroughs & Special Industries). For further informa- tion regarding this notice contact Jennifer Bernardini on (202) 317-6853 (not a toll- free number). 26 CFR 601.601: Rules and Regulations. (Also Part I, §§ 25, 143) Rev. Proc. 2020-33 SECTION 1. PURPOSE This revenue procedure provides guid- ance with respect to the United States and area median gross income figures that are to be used by issuers of qualified mort- gage bonds, as defined in § 143(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, and issuers of mortgage credit certificates, as defined in § 25(c), in computing the income require- ments described in § 143(f). SECTION 2. BACKGROUND .01 Section 103(a) provides that, ex- cept as provided in § 103(b), gross income does not include interest on any state or local bond. Section 103(b)(1) provides that § 103(a) shall not apply to any private activity bond that is not a qualified bond (within the meaning of § 141). Section 141(e) provides that the term “qualified bond” includes any private activity bond that (1) is a qualified mortgage bond, (2) meets the applicable volume cap require- ments under § 146, and (3) meets the ap- plicable requirements under § 147. .02 Section 143(a)(1) provides that the term “qualified mortgage bond” means a bond that is issued as part of a “qual- ified mortgage issue”. Section 143(a) (2)(A) provides that the term “qualified mortgage issue” means an issue of one or more bonds by a state or political subdivi- sion thereof, but only if (i) all proceeds of the issue (exclusive of issuance costs and a reasonably required reserve) are to be used to finance owner-occupied residenc- es; (ii) the issue meets the requirements of subsections (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h), (i), and (m)(7) of § 143; (iii) the issue does not meet the private business tests of para- graphs (1) and (2) of § 141(b); and (iv) with respect to amounts received more than 10 years after the date of issuance, repayments of $250,000 or more of prin- cipal on financing provided by the issue are used not later than the close of the first semi-annual period beginning after the date the prepayment (or complete repay- ment) is received to redeem bonds that are part of the issue. .03 Section 143(f) imposes eligibil- ity requirements concerning the maxi- mum income of mortgagors for whom financing may be provided by qualified mortgage bonds. Section 25(c)(2)(A)(iii) (IV) provides that recipients of mortgage credit certificates must meet the income requirements of § 143(f). Generally, un- der §§ 143(f)(1) and 25(c)(2)(A)(iii)(IV), these income requirements are met only if all owner-financing under a qualified mortgage bond and all certified indebt- edness amounts under a mortgage credit certificate program are provided to mort- gagors whose family income is 115 per- cent or less of the applicable median fam- ily income. Under § 143(f)(6), the income limitation is reduced to 100 percent of the applicable median family income if there are fewer than three individuals in the family of the mortgagor. .04 Section 143(f)(4) provides that the term “applicable median family income” Bulletin No. 2020–25 957 June 15, 2020 means the greater of (A) the area median gross income for the area in which the res- idence is located, or (B) the statewide me- dian gross income for the state in which the residence is located. .05 Section 143(f)(5) provides for an upward adjustment of the income limita- tions in certain high housing cost areas. Under § 143(f)(5)(C), a high housing cost area is a statistical area for which the housing cost/income ratio is greater than 1.2. The housing cost/income ra- tio is determined under § 143(f)(5)(D) by dividing (a) the applicable housing price ratio by (b) the ratio that the area median gross income bears to the median gross income for the United States. The applicable housing price ratio is the new housing price ratio (new housing average purchase price for the area divided by the new housing average purchase price for the United States) or the existing hous- ing price ratio (existing housing aver- age area purchase price divided by the existing housing average purchase price for the United States), whichever results in the housing cost/income ratio being closer to 1. This income adjustment ap- plies only to bonds issued, and nonissued bond amounts elected, after December 31, 1988. See § 4005(h) of the Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988, 1988-3 C.B. 1, 311 (1988). .06 The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has comput- ed the median gross income for the Unit- ed States, the states, and statistical areas within the states. The income information was released to the HUD regional offic- es on April 01, 2020 and may be obtained by calling the HUD reference service at 1-800-245-2691. The income information is also available at HUD’s World Wide Web site, http://www.huduser.gov/portal/ datasets/il.html, which provides a menu from which you may select the year and type of data of interest. .07 The most recent nationwide aver- age purchase prices and average area pur- chase price safe harbor limitations were published on April 06, 2020, in Rev. Proc. 2020-18, 2020-15 I.R.B. 592. SECTION 3. APPLICATION .01 When computing the income re- quirements of § 143(f), issuers of quali- fied mortgage bonds and mortgage credit certificates must use either (1) the median gross income for the United States, the states, and statistical areas within the states, as released to the HUD regional offices on April 24, 2019, or (2) the me- dian gross income for the United States, the states, and statistical areas within the states, as released to the HUD regional of- fices on April 01, 2020. .02 If an issuer uses the median gross income for the United States, the states, and statistical areas within the states, as released to the HUD regional offices on April 24, 2019, to compute the housing cost/income ratio under § 143(f)(5), the issuer must use the median gross income for the United States, the states, and sta- tistical areas within the states, as released to the HUD regional offices on April 24, 2019, for all purposes under § 143(f). Likewise, if an issuer uses the median gross income for the United States, the states, and statistical areas within the states, as released to the HUD regional offices on April 01, 2020, to compute the housing cost/income ratio under § 143(f) (5), the issuer must use the median gross income for the United States, the states, and statistical areas within the states, as released to the HUD regional offices on April 01, 2020, for all purposes under § 143(f). SECTION 4. EFFECT ON OTHER REVENUE PROCEDURES .01 Rev. Proc. 2019-21, 2019-21 I.R.B. 190, is obsolete except as provided in §§ 3.01, 3.02, or 5 of this revenue procedure. .02 This revenue procedure does not affect the effective date provisions of Rev. Rul. 86-124, 1986-2 C.B. 27. Those effec- tive date provisions will remain operative at least until the Service publishes a new revenue ruling that conforms the approach to effective dates set forth in Rev. Rul. 86- 124 to the general approach taken in this revenue procedure. SECTION 5. EFFECTIVE DATES Issuers must use the United States and area median gross income figures spec- ified in § 3.01 of this revenue procedure for commitments to provide financing that are made, or (if the purchase precedes the financing commitment) for residences that are purchased, in the period that begins on April 01, 2020, and ends on the date when these United States and area median gross income figures are rendered obsolete by a new revenue procedure. SECTION 6. REQUEST FOR COMMENTS This revenue procedure provides that the United States and area median gross income figures specified in § 3.01 re- leased by HUD may be relied upon until the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) pub- lishes a revenue procedure in the Internal Revenue Bulletin indicating that HUD has released updated income limits. The Department of the Treasury and the IRS solicit public comments on whether, in- stead of publishing this revenue proce- dure annually, the IRS should publish permanent guidance that would allow issuers to rely on the United States and area median gross income figures imme- diately upon release of those figures by HUD. See, e.g., Rev. Rul. 94-57, 1994-2 C.B. 5 (permitting taxpayers to rely on HUD income limits for certain purposes of § 42). The Department of the Treasury and the IRS also solicit public comments on whether such guidance should: (1) al- low an issuer the choice to use the HUD figures for the current year or the HUD figures for the prior year or earlier years; and (2) provide a transition period that allows an issuer to rely on HUD figures from the prior year or earlier years and, if a transition period should be provided, the number of days in the transition pe- riod. Comments should be submitted in writing on or before October 13, 2020, and should contain a reference to this Rev. Proc. 2020-33. All comments will be available for public inspection and copying. Com- menters are strongly suggested to submit comments electronically, as access to mail may be limited. Comments may be sub- mitted in one of two ways: (1) Electronically via the Federal eRulemaking Portal at www.reg- ulations.gov (type IRS Rev. Proc. 2020-33 in the search field on the regulations.gov homepage to find this revenue procedure and submit com- ments). June 15, 2020 958 Bulletin No. 2020–25 (2) Alternatively, by mail to Internal Revenue Service, CC:PA:LPD:PR (Rev. Proc. 2020-33), Room 5203, P.O. Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station, Washington, DC 20044. DRAFTING INFORMATION The principal authors of this reve- nue procedure are Timothy Jones and David White of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Financial Institutions & Products). For further information re- garding this revenue procedure contact Mr. White at (202) 317-6980 (not a toll- free number). Bulletin No. 2020–25 959 June 15, 2020 Part IV Third Six-Year Cycle Pre-Approved Defined Contribution Plans: Issuance of Opinion Letters; Plan Adoption Deadline; and Opening of Determination Letter Program Announcement 2020-7 The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) intends to issue opinion letters for pre-ap- proved defined contribution plans that were restated for changes in plan qualifi- cation requirements listed in Notice 2017- 37, 2017-29 I.R.B. 89 (the 2017 Cumula- tive List) and that were filed with the IRS during the submission period for the third six-year remedial amendment cycle under Rev. Proc. 2016-37, 2016-29 I.R.B. 136 (newly approved plans). The IRS expects to issue the letters on June 30, 2020, or, in some cases, as soon as possible there- after. An employer adopting a newly ap- proved plan will be required to adopt the plan document by July 31, 2022. Starting August 1, 2020, and ending July 31, 2022, the IRS will accept from any employer el- igible to submit a determination letter re- quest an application for an individual de- termination letter under the third six-year remedial amendment cycle for pre-ap- proved defined contribution plans. Background Rev. Proc. 2016-37 describes a stag- gered remedial amendment system for pre-approved plans that are qualified un- der § 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code). The revenue procedure provides separate six-year remedial amendment cy- cles for pre-approved defined benefit and pre-approved defined contribution plans. Rev. Proc. 2017-41, 2017-29 I.R.B. 92, modifies the pre-approved letter program by combining the former master and pro- totype and volume submitter programs into a single opinion letter program. Under this program, providers of pre-approved plans may continue to apply for new opin- ion letters once every six years. Rev. Proc. 2017-41 sets forth the procedures for pro- viders to obtain opinion letters for qual- ified pre-approved plans submitted with respect to the third (and subsequent) six- year remedial amendment cycles. The on-cycle submission period for providers of pre-approved defined con- tribution plans to submit opinion letter requests under the third six-year remedial amendment cycle (set forth in Rev. Proc. 2016-37, and extended by Rev. Proc. 2017-41 and Rev. Proc. 2018-42, 2018-36 I.R.B. 424) was October 2, 2017, through December 31, 2018. Rev. Proc. 2017-41 required pre-approved plan providers to restate their pre-approved defined contri- bution plans for the qualification require- ments included on the 2017 Cumulative List and to apply for new opinion letters during this submission period. Rev. Proc. 2016-37 and Rev. Proc. 2017-41 provide that the IRS will review plans that have been submitted during the applicable on-cycle submission period for a six-year remedial amendment cycle, taking into account the applicable Cumu- lative List of Changes in Plan Qualifica- tion Requirements that identifies changes in the qualification requirements of the Code. When the review process for a cy- cle of pre-approved plans has neared com- pletion, the IRS will announce the date by which an adopting employer must adopt a newly approved plan. Depending on the date the review process is completed, em- ployers will have approximately two years to adopt the newly approved plans and, if eligible, to apply for an individual deter- mination letter. Deadline for Employer Adoption of Pre- approved Defined Contribution Plans The end of the third six-year reme- dial amendment cycle for pre-approved defined contribution plans is January 31, 2023. An adopting employer whose de- fined contribution plan is eligible for the six-year remedial amendment cycle and who adopts, by July 31, 2022, a newly approved plan, will be considered to have adopted the plan within the third six-year remedial amendment cycle. Opening of Individual Determination Letter Program for Pre-approved Defined Contribution Plans An adopting employer of a pre-ap- proved defined contribution plan may ap- ply for an individual determination letter (if otherwise eligible) during the period beginning August 1, 2020, and ending July 31, 2022. See Rev. Proc. 2020-4, 2020-1 I.R.B. 148, for additional informa- tion regarding determination letter appli- cation procedures for adopting employers of pre-approved plans with respect to the third six-year remedial amendment cycle, including sections 8 and 12B of the rev- enue procedure, relating to the circum- stances under which an employer may apply for a determination letter. Effective Date This announcement is effective as of June 1, 2020. Paperwork Reduction Act The collection of information con- tained in Rev. Proc. 2017-41 has been reviewed and approved by the Office of Management and Budget in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3507) under control number 1545- 1674. Drafting Information The principal author of this announce- ment is Arslan Malik of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Employee Benefits, Exempt Organizations, and Em- ployment Taxes). For further information regarding this announcement contact Em- ployee Plans at (513) 975-6319 (not a toll- free number). June 15, 2020 960 Bulletin No. 2020–25 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking Income Tax Withholding on Certain Periodic Retirement and Annuity Payments Under Section 3405(a) REG-100320-20 AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemak- ing. SUMMARY: This document sets forth a proposed regulation that provides rules for Federal income tax withholding on certain periodic retirement and annuity payments to implement an amendment made by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. This proposed regulation would affect payors of certain periodic payments, plan administrators that are required to withhold on such pay- ments, and payees who receive such pay- ments. DATES: Written or electronic comments and requests for a public hearing must be received by July 27, 2020. Requests for a public hearing must be submitted as pre- scribed in the “Comments and Requests for a Public Hearing” section. ADDRESSES: Commenters are strongly encouraged to submit public comments electronically. Submit electronic submis- sions via the Federal eRulemaking Portal at www.regulations.gov (indicate IRS and REG–100320-20) by following the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted to the Federal eRulemak- ing Portal, comments cannot be edited or withdrawn. The IRS expects to have limited personnel available to process public comments that are submitted on paper through mail. Until further notice, any comments submitted on paper will be considered to the extent practicable. The Department of the Treasury (Treasury Department) and the IRS will publish for public availability any comment submit- ted electronically, and to the extent practi- cable on paper, to its public docket. Send paper submissions to: CC:PA:LP- D:PR (REG–100320-20), room 5203, Internal Revenue Service, PO Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station, Washington, D.C. 20044. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Concerning the proposed regulation, Kara M. Soderstrom of the Of- fice of Associate Chief Counsel (Employ- ee Benefits, Exempt Organizations, and Employment Taxes) at (202) 317-5234; concerning submissions of comments and/or requests for a public hearing, Regi- na Johnson, (202) 317-5177 (not toll-free numbers). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background This document sets forth a proposed amendment to the Employment Tax Reg- ulations (26 CFR Parts 31 and 35) under section 3405 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code). This proposed regulation would update certain provisions of §35.3405-1T to conform to a change to section 3405(a) (4) made by section 11041(c)(2)(G) of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Pub. L. No. 115- 97, 131 Stat. 2054 (2017) (TCJA). Prior to amendment by TCJA, section 3405(a)(4) provided that, in the case of any periodic payment for which a withholding certifi- cate is not in effect, the amount withheld from the periodic payment (the default rate of withholding) is determined by treating the payee as a married individual claiming three withholding exemptions. As amended by TCJA, section 3405(a)(4) provides that the default rate of withhold- ing on periodic payments is determined under rules prescribed by the Secretary. Section 35.3405-1T reflects the rule under section 3405(a)(4) prior to amendment by TCJA. 1. Statutory and Regulatory Framework Section 3405 provides Federal in- come tax withholding rules for payments of pensions, annuities, and certain other deferred income (retirement and annu- ity payments). Retirement and annuity payments that are subject to withholding under section 3405 include periodic pay- ments, nonperiodic distributions, and eli- gible rollover distributions. The Treasury Department and the IRS have issued several sets of regulations under section 3405 that provide guidance regarding withholding on periodic pay- ments, nonperiodic distributions, and el- igible rollover distributions. On October 14, 1982, the Treasury Department and the IRS issued §35.3405-1T (TD 7839) (47 FR 45868), which provides general rules addressing withholding requirements and specific rules addressing withholding on periodic payments and nonperiodic dis- tributions (other than eligible rollover distributions), notice and election proce- dures, and reporting and recordkeeping requirements. On September 22, 1995, the Treasury Department and the IRS issued §31.3405(c)-1 (TD 8619) (60 FR 49215), which provides rules for withholding on eligible rollover distributions, as defined in section 402(f)(2)(A) (generally refer- ring to distributions from plans qualified under section 401(a), section 403(a) plans, section 403(b) tax-sheltered annuity plans, or section 457(b) plans maintained by a governmental employer that are eligible to be rolled over to an IRA (an individual re- tirement account or individual retirement annuity) or another eligible retirement plan). On February 8, 2000, the Treasury Department and the IRS issued §35.3405- 1 (TD 8873) (65 FR 6007), which pro- vides rules regarding the medium through which notices required under section 3405 may be provided. On May 31, 2019, pro- posed §31.3405(e)-1 was published in the Federal Register (84 FR 25209) to pro- pose rules applicable to periodic payments and nonperiodic distributions (other than eligible rollover distributions) that are to be delivered outside the United States and its possessions. 2. Definition of Periodic Payment While the guidance described in Sec- tion 1 of this Background relates to all types of payments and distributions sub- ject to withholding under section 3405, this proposed regulation addresses only the change made by section 11041(c)(2) (G) of TCJA to section 3405(a)(4), and Bulletin No. 2020–25 961 June 15, 2020 therefore applies only to certain periodic payments. A periodic payment is defined in sec- tion 3405(e)(2) as “a designated distri- bution which is an annuity or similar periodic payment.” Subject to certain ex- ceptions, 1 a designated distribution gener- ally is defined in section 3405(e)(1)(A) as any distribution or payment from or under an employer deferred compensation plan, an individual retirement plan (as defined in section 7701(a)(37)), or a commercial annuity. For this purpose, an employer deferred compensation plan is defined in section 3405(e)(5) as any pension, annu- ity, profit-sharing, or stock bonus plan or other plan deferring the receipt of com- pensation, and a commercial annuity is defined in section 3405(e)(6) as an annu- ity, endowment, or life insurance contract issued by an insurance company licensed to do business under the laws of any State. Section 35.3405-1T, Q&A a-9, provides that a periodic payment includes an annu- ity or similar periodic payment, whether paid by a licensed life insurance company, a financial institution, or a plan, and that an “annuity” is a series of payments pay- able over a period greater than one year and taxable under section 72 as amounts received as an annuity, whether or not the payments are variable in amount. 3. Withholding on Periodic Payments Section 3405(a) requires the payor of any periodic payment to withhold from the payment as if the payment were wages paid by an employer to an employee, un- less an individual has elected under sec- tion 3405(a)(2) not to have withholding apply, subject to the following exceptions. First, section 3405(c)(1)(A) provides that section 3405(a) does not apply in the case of any designated distribution that is an eligible rollover distribution (as defined in section 402(f)(2)(A)). Second, section 3405(e)(12) provides that no election un- der section 3405(a)(2) will be treated as in effect (and the provisions of section 3405(a)(4) for determining the default rate of withholding will not apply) if a payee fails to furnish the payee’s Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) to the payor in the manner required by the Secretary or the Secretary notifies the payor before any payment or distribution that the TIN furnished by the payee is incorrect. Third, under section 3405(e)(13), no election un- der section 3405(a)(2) may be made with respect to certain periodic payments to be delivered outside of the United States and its possessions. 4. Default Rate of Withholding on Periodic Payments and TCJA Amendment Before amendment by TCJA, section 3405(a)(4) provided that, in the case of any periodic payment with respect to which a withholding certificate is not in effect, the amount withheld from the pe- riodic payment is “determined by treating the payee as a married individual claiming 3 withholding exemptions.” TCJA amend- ed section 3405(a)(4) to eliminate the re- quirement that the payee be treated as a married individual claiming three with- holding exemptions and to provide instead that, in the case of any periodic payment with respect to which a withholding cer- tificate is not in effect, the amount with- held from the periodic payment will be “determined under rules prescribed by the Secretary.” 5. Guidance Regarding the Default Rate of Withholding on Periodic Payments Following enactment of TCJA, the Treasury Department and the IRS issued guidance addressing the change to section 3405(a)(4). Section V of Notice 2018- 14, 2018-7 I.R.B. 353, and section 10 of Notice 2018-92, 2018-51 I.R.B. 1038, provided that, for 2018 and 2019, respec- tively, the rules for withholding when no withholding certificate is furnished with respect to periodic payments under sec- tion 3405(a) would parallel the rules for prior years and would be based on treating the payee as a married individual claiming three withholding allowances. Similar- ly, section IV of Notice 2020-3, 2020-3 I.R.B. 330, provides that, for 2020, the default rate of withholding from periodic payments under section 3405(a) is based on treating the payee as a married individ- ual claiming three withholding allowanc- es and applying that status when referring to the applicable withholding tables and related computational procedures in the 2020 Publication 15-T, “Federal Income Tax Withholding Methods.” 2 Explanation of Provisions 1. Default Rate of Withholding on Periodic Payments As indicated in the Background sec- tion of the preamble, certain provisions of §35.3405-1T reflect the rule under section 3405(a)(4) prior to amendment by TCJA. 3 Specifically, Q&As a-10, b-3, and b-4 of §35.3405-1T each provide that the default rate of withholding on period- ic payments is determined by treating the payee as married and claiming three with- holding allowances. The proposed regu- lation would remove these three Q&As from §35.3405-1T because they prescribe the substantive default rate of withhold- ing rule under section 3405(a)(4) prior to amendment by TCJA. The proposed reg- ulation would not remove other Q&As in §35.3405-1T that reference the pre-TCJA rule under section 3405(a)(4) but do not 1 Under section 3405(e)(1)(B), a designated distribution does not include any amount that is wages without regard to section 3405; the portion of a distribution or payment (excluding any distribution or payment from or under an individual retirement plan, other than a Roth IRA) which it is reasonable to believe is not includible in gross income; any amount that is subject to withholding under subchapter A of chapter 3 (relating to withholding of tax on nonresident aliens and foreign corporations) by the person paying such amount or which would be so subject but for a tax treaty; or any distribution described in section 404(k)(2) (relating to distributions of “applicable dividends” by an employee stock ownership plan). 2 Notice 2020-3 also provides that the Treasury Department and the IRS are considering whether the default rate of withholding from periodic payments that is in effect for 2020 will continue to be appropriate for calendar years after 2020, and requests comments on whether the adoption of a new default rate of withholding on periodic payments that applies prospectively would present any administrative challenges. One comment was received on this issue (available at: https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=IRS-2019-0051-0004). The commenter provides sug- gestions regarding the effective date and prospective application of any change to the default rate of withholding on periodic payments and suggestions regarding the applicable withholding tables for periodic payments for calendar years after 2020. 3 In addition to the amendment made by section 11041(c)(2)(G) of TCJA, described in the Background section of the preamble, section 11041(c)(2)(F) of TCJA amended section 3405(a)(3) and (4) (and the heading for paragraph (4)) to replace each reference to “exemption” with “allowance,” effectively replacing references to “withholding exemption certificate” with “with- holding allowance certificate.” However, the Treasury Department and the IRS have determined that no updates to §35.3405-1T are required to implement section 11041(c)(2)(F) of TCJA because §35.3405-1T refers to a “withholding certificate.” June 15, 2020 962 Bulletin No. 2020–25 require payors to withhold based upon that pre-TCJA rule (for example, the sam- ple notice in §35.3405-1T, Q&A d-21). 4 The proposed regulation would update and replace the provisions of Q&As a-10, b-3, and b-4 in new §31.3405(a)-1, which provides that the default rate of withhold- ing on periodic payments is determined in the manner described in the applicable forms, instructions, publications, and oth- er guidance prescribed by the Commis- sioner. This proposed §31.3405(a)-1 provides a flexible and administrable rule that leaves the communication and mechanical details of the default rate of withholding on periodic payments to be provided in ap- plicable forms, instructions, publications, and other guidance. These materials can be updated quickly as needed (for legisla- tive changes or other reasons) to provide payors and plan administrators processing payments adequate time to program their systems to withhold the proper amount of income tax. Currently, withholding on periodic payments, including the de- fault rate of withholding, is explained in the instructions to the 2020 Form W-4P, “Withholding Certificate for Pension or Annuity Payments,” the 2020 Publication 15-T, and related publications. The 2020 Publication 15-T also provides the tables that payors use to calculate withholding on periodic payments (and the tables that employers use to calculate withholding on taxable wages). Proposed §31.3405(a)-1 would also generally update Q&As a-10, b-3, and b-4 of §35.3405-1T to reflect relevant statuto- ry changes and provide clarifications. No- tably, in accordance with section 3405(a) (3), proposed §31.3405(a)-1 would update the rules for determining the effective date of a payee’s Form W-4P by referencing the rules under section 3402(f)(3) and the ap- plicable forms, instructions, publications, and other guidance prescribed by the Commissioner. 5 Section 3402(f)(3) pro- vides different withholding certificate ef- fective date rules for cases in which there is no previous withholding certificate in effect and cases in which a previous with- holding certificate is in effect. Form W-4P effective date information is provided in the 2019 Publication 505, “Tax Withhold- ing and Estimated Tax.” 2. Other Provisions of §35.3405-1T Proposed §31.3405(a)-1 refers taxpay- ers to §35.3405-1T, among other regula- tions under section 3405, for additional guidance regarding Federal income tax withholding on periodic payments, and is intended to be read in conjunction with those other regulations. For example, pro- posed §31.3405(a)-1(b) provides general guidance regarding Federal income tax withholding on periodic payments, but an election of no withholding under section 3405(a)(2) may be available as described in §35.3405-1T, Q&A d-1. While this proposed regulation would update certain Q&As in §35.3405-1T, it would not update all of the Q&As, in- cluding several Q&As that do not reflect legislative changes that became effective after the publication of §35.3405-1T. For example, the description in §35.3405-1T, Q&A d-1, of an election of no withhold- ing has not been updated to reflect that an election may not be available due to the restrictions set forth in section 3405(e) (12) (failure to provide correct TIN) or 3405(e)(13) (certain payments to be deliv- ered outside of the United States and its possessions). The current priority of the Treasury Department and the IRS is to ad- dress the provisions of §35.3405-1T that were impacted by TCJA. In the future, the Treasury Department and the IRS intend to update the provisions of §35.3405-1T to reflect all statutory changes since the initial promulgation of the temporary reg- ulation. Proposed Applicability Date This regulation is proposed to apply to periodic payments made after December 31, 2020. Notwithstanding §35.3405-1T, taxpayers may rely on the rules set forth in this notice of proposed rulemaking, in their entirety, until the date of publication of a Treasury Decision adopting this pro- posed rule as a final regulation. Special Analyses 1. Regulatory Planning and Review This regulation is not subject to review under section 6(b) of Executive Order 12866 pursuant to the Memorandum of Agreement (April 11, 2018) between the Treasury Department and the Office of Management and Budget regarding re- view of tax regulations. 2. Paperwork Reduction Act Any collection of information associat- ed with this notice of proposed rulemak- ing has been submitted to the Office of Management and Budget for review under OMB control number 1545-0074 in accor- dance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3507(d)). In general, the collection of information is required under section 3405 of the Code. The Treasury Department and the IRS request comments on all aspects of information collection burdens related to this proposed regulation, including estimates for how much time it would take to comply with the paperwork burdens described in OMB control number 1545-0074 and ways for the IRS to minimize the paperwork bur- den. An agency may not conduct or spon- sor and a person is not required to respond to a collection of information unless it dis- plays a valid OMB control number. 3. Regulatory Flexibility Act Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. chapter 6), it is hereby certified that this proposed regulation, if adopted, would not have a significant eco- nomic impact on a substantial number of small entities that are directly affected by the proposed regulation. The proposed regulation will apply to all payors of pe- riodic payments, including small entities, and is likely to affect a substantial number of small entities. The economic impact, however, will not be significant. The pri- mary change is to effect a TCJA legisla- tive amendment to remove the reference in section 3405(a)(4) to a married individ- 4 As described in Section 2 of this Explanation of Provisions, the Treasury Department and the IRS intend to update other Q&As in §35.3405-1T in the future. 5 Thus, proposed §31.3405(a)-1 addresses the amendment of section 3402(f)(3)(B) by section 10302(a) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, Pub. L. No. 100-203, 101 Stat. 1330 (1987). The amendment to section 3402(f)(3)(B) affected the rules in Q&A b-3 of §35.3405-1T for determining the effective date of a payee’s Form W-4P. Bulletin No. 2020–25 963 June 15, 2020 ual claiming three exemptions as the de- fault withholding rate and to provide, in its place, that the amount to be withheld is determined in the applicable forms, in- structions, publications, and other guid- ance prescribed by the Commissioner. Accordingly, this rule would conform the current regulation to the statute and will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. Notwithstanding this certification, the Treasury Department and the IRS invite comments on any impact this rule would have on small entities. Pursuant to section 7805(f), this notice of proposed rulemaking has been submit- ted to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration for comment on its impact on small business. Statement of Availability of IRS Documents IRS Notices cited in this preamble are published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin and are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publish- ing Office, Washington, DC 20402, or by visiting the IRS web site at http://www.irs. gov. Comments and Requests for a Public Hearing Before this proposed amendment to the regulations is adopted as a final reg- ulation, consideration will be given to comments that are submitted timely to the IRS as prescribed in the preamble under the “ADDRESSES” section. The Treasury Department and the IRS request comments on all aspects of the proposed regulation. Any electronic comments sub- mitted, and to the extent practicable any paper comments submitted, will be made available at www.regulations.gov or upon request. A public hearing will be scheduled if requested in writing by any person who timely submits electronic or written com- ments. Requests for a public hearing are also encouraged to be made electronically. If a public hearing is scheduled, notice of the date and time for the public hearing will be published in the Federal Regis- ter. Announcement 2020-4, 2020-17 IRB 1, provides that until further notice, pub- lic hearings conducted by the IRS will be held telephonically. Any telephonic hear- ing will be made accessible to people with disabilities. Drafting Information The principal author of these proposed regulations is Kara M. Soderstrom, Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Employee Benefits, Exempt Organizations, and Em- ployment Taxes). However, other person- nel from the Treasury Department and the IRS participated in the development of these proposed regulations. List of Subjects 26 CFR Part 31 Employment taxes, Fishing vessels, Gambling, Income taxes, Penalties, Pen- sions, Railroad retirement, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Social secu- rity, Unemployment compensation. 26 CFR Part 35 Employment taxes, Income taxes, Pen- sions, Reporting and recordkeeping re- quirements. Proposed Amendments to the Regulations Accordingly, 26 CFR parts 31 and 35 are proposed to be amended as follows: PART 31—EMPLOYMENT TAXES AND COLLECTION OF INCOME TAX AT SOURCE Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 31 is amended by adding an entry for §31.3405(a)-1 in numerical order to read in part as follows: Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805. * * * * * Section 31.3405(a)-1 also issued under 26 U.S.C. 3405(a)(4). * * * * * Par. 2. Section 31.3405(a)-1 is added to read as follows: §31.3405(a)-1 Questions and answers relating to Federal income tax withhold- ing on periodic retirement and annuity payments (a) The following questions and an- swers relate to Federal income tax with- holding on periodic payments under section 3405(a), as amended by section 11041(c)(2)(G) of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Public Law 115-97, 131 Stat. 2054 (2017)). The withholding rules of section 3405(a) do not apply to periodic payments that are eligible rollover distributions (as defined in section 402(f)(2)(A)). See gen- erally section 3405(c) and §31.3405(c)-1 for Federal income tax withholding rules applicable to eligible rollover distribu- tions. See section 3405(e)(13) for addi- tional rules applicable to certain period- ic payments under section 3405(a) and nonperiodic distributions under section 3405(b) that are to be delivered outside the United States and its possessions. For additional guidance regarding periodic payments, see §§35.3405-1 and 35.3405- 1T of this chapter. (b)(1) Q-1: How will Federal income tax be withheld from a periodic payment? (2) A-1: In the case of a periodic pay- ment that is subject to withholding under section 3405(a), amounts are withheld as if the payment were a payment of wages by an employer to the employee for the ap- propriate payroll period. If the payee has not furnished a withholding certificate, the amount to be withheld is determined in the manner described in the applicable forms, instructions, publications, and other guid- ance prescribed by the Commissioner. The rules for withholding when the payee has not furnished a withholding certificate apply regardless of whether the payor is aware of the payee’s actual marital status or actual Federal income tax filing status. (c)(1) Q-2: Do rules similar to those for wage withholding apply to the furnishing of a withholding certificate for periodic payments? (2) A-2: Yes. Unless the rules of section 3405 specifically conflict with the rules of section 3402, the rules for withholding on periodic payments that are not eligible rollover distributions will parallel the rules for wage withholding. Thus, if a withhold- ing certificate is furnished by a payee, it will generally take effect in accordance with section 3402(f)(3) and as provided in applicable forms, instructions, publi- cations, and other guidance prescribed by the Commissioner. If no withholding certificate is furnished, the amount with- June 15, 2020 964 Bulletin No. 2020–25 held must be determined in the manner described in the applicable forms, instruc- tions, publications, and other guidance prescribed by the Commissioner for with- holding on periodic payments when no withholding certificate is furnished. (d)(1) Q-3: What is the applicability date of this section? (2) A-3: This section applies with re- spect to periodic payments made after De- cember 31, 2020. PART 35—EMPLOYMENT TAX AND COLLECTION OF INCOME TAX AT SOURCE REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX EQUITY AND FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY ACT OF 1982 Par. 3. The authority citation for part 35 continues to read in part as follows: Authority: 26 U.S.C. 6047(e), 7805; 68A Stat. 917; 96 Stat. 625; Public Law 97-248 (96 Stat. 623)* * * §35.3405-1T [Amended] Par. 4. Section 35.3405-1T is amend- ed by removing and reserving Q&A a-10, Q&A b-3, and Q&A b-4. Sunita Lough Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement. (Filed by the Office of the Federal Register on May 26, 2020, 8:45 a.m., and published in the issue of the Federal Register for May 27, 2020, 85 F.R. 31714) Bulletin No. 2020–25 i June 15, 2020 Definition of Terms Revenue rulings and revenue procedures (hereinafter referred to as “rulings”) that have an effect on previous rulings use the following defined terms to describe the effect: Amplified describes a situation where no change is being made in a prior pub- lished position, but the prior position is being extended to apply to a variation of the fact situation set forth therein. Thus, if an earlier ruling held that a principle ap- plied to A, and the new ruling holds that the same principle also applies to B, the earlier ruling is amplified. (Compare with modified, below). Clarified is used in those instances where the language in a prior ruling is be- ing made clear because the language has caused, or may cause, some confusion. It is not used where a position in a prior rul- ing is being changed. Distinguished describes a situation where a ruling mentions a previously pub- lished ruling and points out an essential difference between them. Modified is used where the substance of a previously published position is being changed. Thus, if a prior ruling held that a principle applied to A but not to B, and the new ruling holds that it applies to both A and B, the prior ruling is modified because it corrects a published position. (Compare with amplified and clarified, above). Obsoleted describes a previously pub- lished ruling that is not considered deter- minative with respect to future transactions. This term is most commonly used in a ruling that lists previously published rulings that are obsoleted because of changes in laws or regulations. A ruling may also be obsoleted because the substance has been included in regulations subsequently adopted. Revoked describes situations where the position in the previously published ruling is not correct and the correct position is being stated in a new ruling. Superseded describes a situation where the new ruling does nothing more than restate the substance and situation of a previously published ruling (or rulings). Thus, the term is used to republish under the 1986 Code and regulations the same position published under the 1939 Code and regulations. The term is also used when it is desired to republish in a single ruling a series of situations, names, etc., that were previously published over a period of time in separate rulings. If the new ruling does more than restate the sub- stance of a prior ruling, a combination of terms is used. For example, modified and superseded describes a situation where the substance of a previously published ruling is being changed in part and is continued without change in part and it is desired to restate the valid portion of the previous- ly published ruling in a new ruling that is self contained. In this case, the previously published ruling is first modified and then, as modified, is superseded. Supplemented is used in situations in which a list, such as a list of the names of countries, is published in a ruling and that list is expanded by adding further names in subsequent rulings. After the original ruling has been supplemented several times, a new ruling may be published that includes the list in the original ruling and the additions, and supersedes all prior rul- ings in the series. Suspended is used in rare situations to show that the previous published rulings will not be applied pending some future action such as the issuance of new or amended regulations, the outcome of cas- es in litigation, or the outcome of a Ser- vice study. Abbreviations The following abbreviations in current use and formerly used will appear in material published in the Bulletin. A—Individual. Acq.—Acquiescence. B—Individual. BE—Beneficiary. BK—Bank. B.T.A.—Board of Tax Appeals. C—Individual. C.B.—Cumulative Bulletin. CFR—Code of Federal Regulations. CI—City. COOP—Cooperative. Ct.D.—Court Decision. CY—County. D—Decedent. DC—Dummy Corporation. DE—Donee. Del. Order—Delegation Order. DISC—Domestic International Sales Corporation. DR—Donor. E—Estate. EE—Employee. E.O.—Executive Order. ER—Employer. ERISA—Employee Retirement Income Security Act. EX—Executor. F—Fiduciary. FC—Foreign Country. FICA—Federal Insurance Contributions Act. FISC—Foreign International Sales Company. FPH—Foreign Personal Holding Company. F.R.—Federal Register. FUTA—Federal Unemployment Tax Act. FX—Foreign corporation. G.C.M.—Chief Counsel’s Memorandum. GE—Grantee. GP—General Partner. GR—Grantor. IC—Insurance Company. I.R.B.—Internal Revenue Bulletin. LE—Lessee. LP—Limited Partner. LR—Lessor. M—Minor. Nonacq.—Nonacquiescence. O—Organization. P—Parent Corporation. PHC—Personal Holding Company. PO—Possession of the U.S. PR—Partner. PRS—Partnership. PTE—Prohibited Transaction Exemption. Pub. L.—Public Law. REIT—Real Estate Investment Trust. Rev. Proc.—Revenue Procedure. Rev. Rul.—Revenue Ruling. S—Subsidiary. S.P.R.—Statement of Procedural Rules. Stat.—Statutes at Large. T—Target Corporation. T.C.—Tax Court. T.D.—Treasury Decision. TFE—Transferee. TFR—Transferor. T.I.R.—Technical Information Release. TP—Taxpayer. TR—Trust. TT—Trustee. U.S.C.—United States Code. X—Corporation. Y—Corporation. Z—Corporation. June 15, 2020 ii Bulletin No. 2020–25 Numerical Finding List 1 Bulletin 2020–25 AOD: 2020-1, 2020-12 I.R.B. 521 2020-2, 2020-14 I.R.B. 558 2020-3, 2020-17 I.R.B. 663 Announcements: 2020-1, 2020-5 I.R.B. 552 2020-2, 2020-15 I.R.B. 609 2020-3, 2020-15 I.R.B. 655 2020-4, 2020-17 I.R.B. 667 2020-5, 2020-19 I.R.B. 796 2020-6, 2020-23 I.R.B. 911 2020-7, 2020-25 I.R.B. 959 Notices: 2020-1, 2020-2 I.R.B. 290 2020-2, 2020-3 I.R.B. 327 2020-3, 2020-3 I.R.B. 330 2020-4, 2020-4 I.R.B. 380 2020-5, 2020-4 I.R.B. 380 2020-6, 2020-7 I.R.B. 411 2020-7, 2020-7 I.R.B. 411 2020-8, 2020-7 I.R.B. 415 2020-9, 2020-7 I.R.B. 417 2020-10, 2020-10 I.R.B. 456 2020-11, 2020-11 I.R.B. 492 2020-12, 2020-11 I.R.B. 495 2020-13, 2020-11 I.R.B. 502 2020-14, 2020-13 I.R.B. 555 2020-15, 2020-14 I.R.B. 559 2020-16, 2020-14 I.R.B. 559 2020-17, 2020-15 I.R.B. 590 2020-18, 2020-15 I.R.B. 590 2020-19, 2020-15 I.R.B. 591 2020-20, 2020-16 I.R.B. 660 2020-21, 2020-16 I.R.B. 660 2020-22, 2020-17 I.R.B. 664 2020-23, 2020-18 I.R.B. 742 2020-26, 2020-18 I.R.B. 744 2020-27, 2020-19 I.R.B. 778 2020-28, 2020-19 I.R.B. 781 2020-30, 2020-19 I.R.B. 781 2020-31, 2020-19 I.R.B. 783 2020-32, 2020-21 I.R.B. 837 2020-34, 2020-21 I.R.B. 838 2020-36, 2020-21 I.R.B. 840 2020-25, 2020-22 I.R.B. 863 2020-29, 2020-22 I.R.B. 864 2020-33, 2020-22 I.R.B. 868 2020-37, 2020-23 I.R.B. 900 2020-38, 2020-23 I.R.B. 903 2020-35, 2020-25 I.R.B. 948 Notices:—Continued 2020-40, 2020-25 I.R.B. 952 2020-41, 2020-25 I.R.B. 954 Proposed Regulations: REG-107431-19, 2020-3 I.R.B. 332 REG-122180-18, 2020-3 I.R.B. 342 REG-100956-19, 2020-4 I.R.B. 383 REG-125710-18, 2020-5 I.R.B. 554 REG-132741-17, 2020-10 I.R.B. 458 REG-100814-19, 2020-12 I.R.B. 542 REG-132529-17, 2020-12 I.R.B. 667 REG-106013-19, 2020-18 I.R.B. 757 REG-117138-17, 2020-19 I.R.B. 796 REG-106864-18, 2020-20 I.R.B. 805 REG-113295-18, 2020-22 I.R.B. 875 REG-104591-18, 2020-23 I.R.B. 911 REG-100320-20, 2020-25 I.R.B. 960 Revenue Procedures: 2020-1, 2020-01 I.R.B. 1 2020-2, 2020-01 I.R.B. 107 2020-3, 2020-01 I.R.B. 131 2020-4, 2020-01 I.R.B. 148 2020-5, 2020-01 I.R.B. 241 2020-7, 2020-01 I.R.B. 281 2020-9, 2020-02 I.R.B. 294 2020-10, 2020-02 I.R.B. 295 2020-11, 2020-06 I.R.B. 406 2020-8, 2020-08 I.R.B. 447 2020-12, 2020-11 I.R.B. 511 2020-13, 2020-11 I.R.B. 515 2020-17, 2020-12 I.R.B. 539 2020-18, 2020-15 I.R.B. 592 2020-14, 2020-16 I.R.B. 661 2020-22, 2020-18 I.R.B. 745 2020-23, 2020-18 I.R.B. 749 2020-24, 2020-18 I.R.B. 750 2020-26, 2020-18 I.R.B. 753 2020-25, 2020-19 I.R.B. 785 2020-28, 2020-19 I.R.B. 792 2020-20, 2020-20 I.R.B. 801 2020-27, 2020-20 I.R.B. 803 2020-29, 2020-21 I.R.B. 859 2020-19, 2020-22 I.R.B. 871 2020-21, 2020-22 I.R.B. 872 2020-30, 2020-22 I.R.B. 873 2020-15, 2020-23 I.R.B. 905 2020-33, 2020-25 I.R.B. 956 Revenue Rulings: 2020-1, 2020-3 I.R.B. 296 2020-2, 2020-3 I.R.B. 298 2020-3, 2020-3 I.R.B. 409 2020-4, 2020-4 I.R.B. 444 2020-5, 2020-5 I.R.B. 454 Revenue Rulings:—Continued 2020-6, 2020-11 I.R.B. 490 2020-7, 2020-12 I.R.B. 522 2020-9, 2020-15 I.R.B. 563 2020-10, 2020-15 I.R.B. 565 2020-8, 2020-19 I.R.B. 775 2020-11, 2020-19 I.R.B. 776 Treasury Decisions: 9886, 2020-2 I.R.B. 285 9887, 2020-3 I.R.B. 302 9888, 2020-3 I.R.B. 306 9891, 2020-8 I.R.B. 419 9892, 2020-8 I.R.B. 439 9893, 2020-9 I.R.B. 449 9895, 2020-15 I.R.B. 565 9896, 2020-18 I.R.B. 681 9897, 2020-23 I.R.B. 882 9898, 2020-25 I.R.B. 935 1 A cumulative list of all revenue rulings, revenue procedures, Treasury decisions, etc., published in Internal Revenue Bulletins 2018–27 through 2018–52 is in Internal Revenue Bulletin 2018–52, dated December 27, 2018. Bulletin No. 2020–25 iii June 15, 2020 Finding List of Current Actions on Previously Published Items 1 Bulletin 2020–25 1 A cumulative list of all revenue rulings, revenue procedures, Treasury decisions, etc., published in Internal Revenue Bulletins 2018–27 through 2018–52 is in Internal Revenue Bulletin 2018–52, dated December 27, 2018. Internal Revenue Service Washington, DC 20224 Official Business Penalty for Private Use, $300 INTERNAL REVENUE BULLETIN The Introduction at the beginning of this issue describes the purpose and content of this publication. The weekly Internal Revenue Bulletins are available at www.irs.gov/irb/. We Welcome Comments About the Internal Revenue Bulletin If you have comments concerning the format or production of the Internal Revenue Bulletin or suggestions for improving it, we would be pleased to hear from you. You can email us your suggestions or comments through the IRS Internet Home Page www.irs.gov) or write to the Internal Revenue Service, Publishing Division, IRB Publishing Program Desk, 1111 Constitution Ave. NW, IR-6230 Washington, DC 20224.
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